Ph.D., Antioch University, 2025, Antioch Seattle: Counselor Education & Supervision

This study sought to understand the mental health of Korean-American elderly immigrants using the theoretical frameworks Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development and Interpersonal Psychotherapy Theory (IPT). To achieve this purpose, this study incorporated a qualitative thematic analysis and conducted in-depth interviews with 10 elderly Korean immigrants living in the United States. From these interviews, eight themes were identified: (a) multifaceted immigration experiences, (b) immigration challenges, (c) complex language barriers, (d) personality constructs impacting experience, (e) the importance of relationships, (f) limited information and access to support, (g) life satisfaction and dissatisfaction, and (h) advice for future immigrants. These themes indicate that the participants endured numerous challenges after immigrating and embarking on a new life in the United States and relied on mental positivity, relationships with family and friends, and support from a wide range of sources to survive and persevere, which is important for mental health counselors to understand. This dissertation is available in open access at AURA (https://aura.antioch.edu) and OhioLINK ETD Center (https://etd.ohiolink.edu).

Ph.D., Antioch University, 2025, Antioch Seattle: Counselor Education & Supervision

This qualitative hermeneutic phenomenological study explores the lived experiences of transracial adoptees of the global majority (BIPOC), focusing on their bicultural identity integration and its impact on mental health. During semi-structured interviews, nine participants shared their stories of navigating cultural and racial dynamics as adoptees in predominantly White adoptive families and communities. The findings revealed six core themes: (1) the Quest for Bicultural Identity Formation, (2) Cultural Integration and Adaptation, (3) Navigating Racial and Cultural Tensions, (4) the Role of Family in Cultural Integration, (5) the Importance of Community and Support Systems, and (6) Mental Health and Therapeutic Experiences, addressing the complex interplay of identity, mental health challenges, and the healing potential of culturally responsive therapy. This study underscores the need for increased cultural competency in adoptive parenting and mental health interventions to better support the unique experiences of transracial adoptees of the global majority. This dissertation is available in open access at AURA (https://aura.antioch.edu) and OhioLINK ETD Center (https://etd.ohiolink.edu).20

Ph.D., Antioch University, 2025, Antioch Seattle: Counselor Education & Supervision

This research is a qualitative phenomenological inquiry into reconnecting Indigenous participants' experiences in how they navigate and integrate their cultural heritage, identity, and intergenerational experiences to shape their present and future lives. Previous literature examines characterizing Indigeneity, navigating multiple spaces, and culture as wellness. Rooted in Tribal Critical Race Theory, semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine participants who self-identified as Indigenous. A thematic analysis highlighted six themes of reconnection: a) oppression, b) ancestors, c) belonging, d) barriers to reconnection, e) learning, and f) connection with community. This research makes a contribution to the growing Indigenous identity literature by providing an initial glimpse into the complexities of experiences of folx who are reconnecting.

DNP, Kent State University, 2025, College of Nursing

No-show rates have historically been high in psychiatry (Long et al., 2016; Michell & Selmes, 2007; Mupparvarpu et al., 2022). Literature was reviewed for demographics noted to be predictive of no-shows and interventions to decrease no-show rates, such as reminders, booking multiple interdisciplinary appointments the same day, overbooking, and use of support services, with results either being mixed or minimally mitigating the occurrence of no-shows (Clouse, et al, 2017; Crable, et al, 2020; Doh, 2022, Oikonomidi, et al, 2022; Rastpour & McGregor, 2022). A standard recommendation from the literature is that more studies be conducted in the future. After synthesizing the literature, applying the theoretical framework of Orem's Theory of Self-Care Deficit of Nursing, and working collaboratively with the site mentor, the Standby Waitlist Intervention (SWI) became the focus of the DNP Project. The DNP project was a quality improvement project focusing on an intervention to fill no-show slots and improve access to care for patients actively seeking services. The Standby Waitlist was a fully automated program driven by the provider, allowing patients to be placed on a waitlist for a virtual appointment. Findings showed one out of four patients responded to the text message system, and one of three of the patients who responded opted in. Eight providers who piloted the standby waitlist intervention found the median time saved for fifteen patients who used the waitlist was 10.8 days. Results also found productivity for standby waitlist providers improved by 13%, and no-show rates improved by 24% by the end of 3 months. The Standby Waitlist was an intervention with minimal cost to the organization. It focuses on increasing access to care for patients and empowering providers by allowing them to control their schedules. The program provided another intervention to increase sooner access for low-complexity, low-needs patients who may receive an initial psychiatric e (open full item for complete abstract)

PHD, Kent State University, 2025, College of Nursing

Nonbinary and gender diverse (NBGD) people are individuals whose gender identity is different than their sex assigned at birth and is between, outside, or beyond the gender binary. NBGD people are a disparate population that experiences stigmatization, discrimination, and poor mental and physical health at much higher rates than the general population and their binary transgender peers. Approximately 1.2 million lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and questioning (LGBTQ+) adults living in the United States (US) identify as nonbinary or gender diverse. Nursing science has failed to explore the health of, or disparities experienced by, NBGD people. Few studies have examined the experiences of NBGD people separate from binary transgender individuals. This constructivist interpretative phenomenological analysis study sought to address this gap by exploring how NBGD individuals understand and experience health. Seven NBGD adults assigned female at birth completed two semi-structured interviews and were asked to journal between interviews. The open-ended interview questions inquired about the participants' definitions of health, factors that impact their health, and how they see their future health. The Body Keeps the Score emerged as the predominant way the participants experience health with gender and trauma as the two most significant factors. Highlighted in their gender experiences was the unique intersection of cisgenderism, transgenderism, sexism, and the invisibility of NBGD identities. The pervasiveness of traumas underscored the need to expand on Minority Stress Theory by considering non-gender related traumas and other intersectional experiences that impact NBGD individuals' health. Implications for nursing practice include acknowledgement and validation of diverse gender identities, more inclusive healthcare nomenclature and environments, and trauma-informed care that recognizes the varied and often hidden traumas that people carry.

Ph.D., Antioch University, 2025, Antioch New England: Environmental Studies

Adolescents with histories of trauma often experience disruptions to their emotional, social, and behavioral development. For those living in group home settings, supportive environments can play a key role in fostering healing and resilience. While nature interaction is increasingly recognized as a valuable way to support mental health and resilience, little research has explored its role in these settings. This study introduces an innovative methodology—the Interaction Pattern Approach (IPA)—to examine the role of nature interaction in coping and resilience for 12 adolescents with Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) living in a youth group home. In this design, IPA integrates photovoice data with 22 months of participant-observation, employing a structured coding system to analyze meaningful adolescent-nature interactions. The analysis identified 62 distinct Level 3 Interaction Patterns (e.g., “experiencing periodicity of nature,” “seeing wildlife,” “seeking connection with animals”) that characterized how participants engaged with nature. These patterns were grouped into 7 Coping and Resilience Domains (e.g., self-regulation, autonomy, transcendence), each comprising numerous strengths (e.g., emotional regulation, perseverance, gratitude). The findings provide a foundation for developing a “nature language” that emphasizes the ontogenetic and phylogenetic significance of nature interactions. By demonstrating the diverse ways in which nature fosters coping and resilience, this study highlights the importance of prioritizing nature-based interventions in youth group homes and underscores nature's unique potential to support vulnerable populations. This dissertation is available in open access at AURA (https://aura.antioch.edu) and OhioLINK ETD Center (https://etd.ohiolink.edu).

Psy. D., Antioch University, 2025, Antioch Seattle: Clinical Psychology

This dissertation presents a comprehensive analysis of the current research on scrupulosity, a subtype of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) characterized by intrusive thoughts and compulsive behaviors related to religious and moral concerns. The dissertation identifies key similarities and differences from OCD, and directs focus to thematically related yet unsubstantiated theoretical work in psychology that helps elucidate the core features and etiological factors of scrupulosity as differentiated from other OCD subtypes. The study addresses the critical dearth of research on scrupulosity, aiming to fill significant gaps in the literature regarding its historical context, varied presentation and prevalence in different cultural contexts, and potentially effective treatment approaches to address better the needs of a significant number of people worldwide. Beginning with an exploration of historical conceptualizations from the 2nd through the early 21st centuries, the dissertation traces the recognition of scrupulosity and recommendations for treatment across various cultural traditions and major world religions including Islam, Judaism, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Christianity, from both Protestant and Catholic sources, as well as non-religious belief systems. It highlights notable historical figures who exhibited scrupulous behaviors contextualizing them with a modern psychological lens. As the leading theologians of their faiths, they often ironically v advised its treatment from their own experience as the most influential theologians of each of their faiths. These historical writings still have wisdom to impart today. The history of scrupulosity is, in many ways, a history of religion across time and culture, as well as of the birth and first 150 years of psychology itself. Key schools of psychological thought are explored for relevance to developing contemporary evidence-based treatments. Due to few qualitative or quantitative studies on scrupulosity compared t (open full item for complete abstract)

Bachelor of Science, Wittenberg University, 2024, Biochemistry/Molecular Biology

Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder in which individuals can suffer from obsession, compulsions, and uncontrollable thoughts. Current treatments for OCD are not effective for all individuals, but an over-the-counter drug, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), has shown promising therapeutic effects for those affiliated with OCD. In a past behavioral study, mice were separated into groups and given NAC for one or three weeks and then given RU24969, which is a 5-HT1B serotonin receptor agonist that induces perseverative behavior, a common characteristic of OCD in mice. The mouse brains were then homogenized, mRNA was extracted, and cDNA was created. The Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) analysis was used to measure gene expression in six chosen genes: CNTN4, TNR, GRIK3, GRIA2, SLC6A4, and ADRA2A and two reference genes. Gene expression was measured in seven different treatment groups with varying conditions including normal mice, those with OCD like symptoms, and those treated with NAC. These genes are involved in the nervous system in some way, which could mean there is a link between their activity and OCD. The trend in the data for these genes showed significant increases in gene expression in the 1-week NAC + water treatment and decreases in the 3-week NAC + RU treatment.

Psy. D., Antioch University, 2025, Antioch New England: Clinical Psychology

A variety of policies at the national level over the last 70 years have resulted in the mass incarceration of various marginalized populations, inclusive of individuals with mental health problems or severe mental illness. Although Constitutional mandates require that psychology staff be available at all state and federal facilities, these providers spend a fraction of the time with incarcerated people than correctional officers do. Correctional officers seem to play an important, if often overlooked, supporting role in the management of the day-to-day lives of people in custody, including elements of their mental health care. They are also, theoretically, tasked with helping individuals rehabilitate while incarcerated, which is almost by definition, a therapeutic process. Although the security aspects of correctional officers' jobs are certainly prioritized, both in training and in practice, these treatment adjacent aspects to the work also play an important role, and in theory require a very different skill set. So how do correctional officers navigate these two opposing aspects of their work? What training are they provided to prepare them for their duties, and how effective do they find that process to be? What is the emotional impact of toggling between the role of a caretaker and that of a captor, likely multiple times a day, every day? Finally, how does broader correctional officer culture support, or fail to support, officer attempts to become more involved in the mental health care, and rehabilitation of incarcerated people under their supervision? This qualitative study aimed to answer some of these questions and to help better understand this inherent conflict in the different roles that officers embody. Three officers were asked about their motivation to enter the field of corrections, the training that they received on mental health related topics, and how well prepared for their duties they felt following this training. Officers were also asked how the (open full item for complete abstract)

Ph.D., Antioch University, 2025, Leadership and Change

Domestic violence profoundly affects multiple facets of a survivor's life. While most existing literature on survivorship addresses the immediate aftermath of domestic violence, this study delves into the extended process following the trauma of abuse to attain “thrivership,” a new concept in the scholarly and practice literature that emphasizes enduring well-being and flourishing. This dissertation examines the journeys from surviving to thriving for 13 women who transformed themselves and their lives to achieve well-being after traumatic domestic violence. Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory was applied to examine the multiple layers of environmental influences on an individual's development, including the micro, meso, and macro systems. This framework provides a tool for a comprehensive understanding of how factors interact within and between different levels of a survivor's environment that can impact their journey towards thrivership. Employing a qualitative phenomenological approach with a novel analysis technique called exploratory situational thematic analysis, this study explored the essential, interconnected elements at the micro, meso, and macro levels that facilitated thriving for survivors of domestic violence. Incorporating Tedeschi's concept of post-traumatic growth, the study emphasized the positive psychological changes that can occur as a result of struggling with and overcoming highly challenging life circumstances. This perspective on post-traumatic growth highlights the potential for survivors to develop new understandings of themselves, others, and the world around them, leading to a more prosperous and meaningful life. By investigating the process of becoming a thriver after experiencing domestic violence, this research underscores the pivotal role of post-traumatic growth and the long-term nature of the process in survivorship. The findings point to the need for comprehensive, trauma-informed, (open full item for complete abstract)

Doctor of Philosophy, Case Western Reserve University, 2025, Nursing

Statement and Importance of the Research Problem. In Oman, a mixed study among parents documented the need to initiate comprehensive reproductive health programs for youth. However, there is limited research from Oman and other Middle Eastern countries about female youth insights about personal and developmental health. The lack of literature is attributed to the cultural and religious sensitivities regarding discussing adolescent-related issues. Thus, this study charts new ground by providing an in-depth understanding of female youth insights about personal and developmental health in the context of culture and future well-being. Objectives: The purpose of the phenomenology study is to describe the personal and developmental health of Omani female youth (18-24 year old) in the context of both their culture and their future well-being. Sample: The study participants are single female Omani youth (18-24 years old) who reside in Muscat. Sampling Method: The participants were recruited through social media platforms using advertisement and nominated sampling methods. Sample Size: The study was first piloted with two individual interviews using secured Zoom videoconferencing for 90 minutes. Later, 12 individual interviews using secured Zoom videoconferencing for 90 minutes were conducted until data saturation was achieved. Data Collection Tool(s) and Technique (s): A phenomenological study using a semi structured individual interview 14 was conducted using a secured Zoom videoconferencing. Statistical Analysis Methods: The individual interview was first transcribed. Translation to English and then backward translation to Arabic were done for any Arabic words or statements. Next, the horizontalization analysis method was conducted by expert researchers in Oman and USA using Nvivo software. Indicators and Implications for the Expected Major Results: The study provides an in-depth understanding of personal and developmental health (open full item for complete abstract)

Psy. D., Antioch University, 2025, Antioch New England: Clinical Psychology

Young adults in college experience significant rates of mental health difficulties. The mental wellness of young adults has shown to have a substantial link to future success, health, and well-being. Individuals with marginalized sexual and gender identities (SGM) often hold additional mental health difficulties due to having identities that typically defy society's assumptions and expectations, and these assumptions/expectations are presented to youth from a young age. The distress experienced by SGM individuals can often be relational in nature due to living in and relating to a heteronormative, cisgender society that stigmatizes and oppresses SGM individuals. University Counseling Centers (UCC) typically have limited treatment approaches with stricter time-limitations as compared to other clinical settings. This provides rationale to conduct research on approaches to psychotherapy in UCCs for SGM individuals. Cultural and social contexts are crucial in understanding SGM identities, and therefore, relational cultural therapy (RCT), and its integration of interventions for multiple theories is suggested due to combining relational and cultural factors. However, this dissertation also provides a critical discussion of the use of psychotherapy approaches, regardless of theoretical orientation, in working with SGM individuals who present with distress in UCCs. The intertwining areas of social justice, diversity, intersectionality, and ethics are addressed. This is a policy position paper with reviewing, analyzing, and reporting findings from the existing research on SGM clients engaged in UCCs to provide recommendations to better inform services and American Psychological Association (APA) guidelines. This dissertation is available in open access at AURA, https://aura.antioch.edu/ and OhioLINK ETD Center, https://etd.ohiolink.edu

Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.), Xavier University, 2025, Psychology

The primary purpose of the experiment was to examine the effects of three distinct types of TikTok content (i.e., fitspiration, body positive, and appearance-neutral content) and internalization of appearance ideals on young men's state body appreciation and state body satisfaction (N = 270; Mage = 25.23). It was predicted that content type and appearance ideal internalization would have main effects, as well as a significant interaction, such that high internalization and exposure to fitspiration content would have the largest influence on body satisfaction and appreciation. The hypotheses were partially supported. A main effect for condition emerged for both satisfaction, F(2, 264) = 16.75, p < .001, and appreciation F(2, 264), = 14.45, p < .001. Fitspiration content resulted in significantly lower body appreciation and body satisfaction compared to both body positive and control content. Body satisfaction and appreciation did not differ between the body positive and control content groups. Contrary to predictions, muscular ideal-internalization did not exert a main effect on body satisfaction, F(1, 264) = .59, p = .44, or appreciation, F(1, 264) = 2.57, p = .110. Similarly, the predicted interaction between muscular ideal internalization and content exposure did not emerge for body satisfaction, F(2, 264) = 1.98, p = .14, or appreciation, F(2, 264) = 1.56, p =.171. Findings suggest that even brief exposure to fitspiration content can negatively impact individuals' self-perceptions, therefore, addressing the influence of such content is essential in order to promote healthier body image and well-being among men.

Ed.D., Antioch University, 2024, Education

This dissertation engages the spiritually-inspired methodology of organic inquiry to investigate how teachers practice self-healing in order to become available to students. Self-healing is a vital part of freeing up the teacher's perceptive capacities to more deeply and fully attend to the needs of students. Self-healing work includes a variety of practices and modalities, including spiritual ones, in order to work through trauma, adversity, dis-ease, stress, and one-sidedness. Research shows that self-healing, especially in regards to mindfulness and meditation, equips teachers to confront compassion fatigue, secondary trauma, burnout, illness, and more. There is also ample evidence that training one's attention to see as fully as possible, rather than seeing through narrow or biased lenses, plays an important role in learning and in health and healthy relationships. This research is situated within the emergent biopsychosocial-spiritual framework of health, which recognizes the interconnectedness of body, soul, and spirit in human beings, and within the salutogenic paradigm. This study's contribution to the field begins with stories gathered from teacher's lived experiences through open-ended questionnaires and interviews. In addition, it proposes new axiological considerations for teacher training, credentialing, and professional development that are sourced in expanded models of health and balance, both at the collective and individual levels. Finally, it offers original practices for experimenting with self-healing. This dissertation is available in open access at AURA (https://aura.antioch.edu) and OhioLINK ETD Center (https://etd.ohiolink.edu).

Ph.D., Antioch University, 2024, Antioch New England: Marriage and Family Therapy

Support for collaborative partnerships between Black churches and mental health professionals is on the rise. Yet, little attention has been given to if and how the numerous barriers that Black people face in both domains, among others, affects mental health help-seeking attitudes and preferences on a sociocultural level. When there are negative consequences to mental health treatment utilization, either perceived or real, within every context of one's lived experience, self-concealment may be a more favorable option. Using a quantitative, cross-sectional research design, the current study explores the relationship between self-concealment and religious and professional mental health help-seeking attitudes and preferences among Black, Christian churchgoing adults in the United States (US). Findings reveal that intimate partners are the dominant, preferred help-seeking source among Black churchgoing adults in the US, and mental health professionals are consistently preferred over clergy. Among those high in self-concealment, however, the preferred help-seeking sources are a phone helpline or no one at all. Correlation analyses reveal associated themes between self-concealment and religious and professional mental health help-seeking attitudes. Such themes include: self-stigma, public-stigma, anticipated risks of disclosure, shame, and aversion to vulnerability. Results from this study not only validate the use of interprofessional collaborations as a promising strategy for mitigating mental health treatment barriers among Black, Christian churchgoing adults in the US, but also provides valuable insights to aid in the development of effective collaborative care models. Collaborative programming strategies and considerations for mental health professionals and clergy are discussed. Study limitations and areas for future research are presented as well. This dissertation is available in open access at AURA (https://aura.antioch.edu) and OhioLINK ETD Center (https://etd.o (open full item for complete abstract)

PhD, University of Cincinnati, 2024, Education, Criminal Justice, and Human Services: Counselor Education

International students studying in the U.S. are becoming increasingly more common as students take advantage of new and existing educational opportunities. One of the larger populations of international students in the U.S. are Saudi students. While students face a number of stressors and anxieties related to schooling, Saudi international students face additional stressors related to adapting and acclimating to the new cultural environment. This is especially exacerbated in Saudi women, as they face discrimination based on the way they dress and have additional burdens such as family and childcare. However, culturally sensitive counseling approaches which address this unique population have yet to be fully investigated or developed. Mindfulness is a technique which involves quieting one's mind and body and reflecting on one's situation and circumstances without self-judgment. This approach has been used extensively as a technique to reduce and moderate the relationship between stress and anxiety generally and has been found to be effective in international students as well. Furthermore, mindfulness intersects directly with the principles of Islam through its focus on self-reflection and calming one's mind, making it a culturally sensitive approach for Muslim clients, such as Saudi women. However, the moderating effects of mindfulness on stress and anxiety in Saudi female international students has yet to be investigated. The goal of this dissertation is to review what is known on the effects of mindfulness on stress and anxiety in international students and to investigate the moderating effects of mindfulness on stress and anxiety in Saudi female students in the U.S.

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 2024, Educational Studies

Each year in the United States, an estimated 57.8 million adults and 7.7 million children experience mental health issues with far-reaching implications (National Alliance on Mental Illness [NAMI], 2023). Despite our increased awareness in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, which both exposed and exacerbated the problem, access to services remains severely limited for 163 million Americans living in Mental Health Professional Shortage Areas (NAMI, 2023). There is an insufficient supply of mental health providers in America, and an additional 8,251 practitioners are needed immediately to adequately meet the needs of the people (Health Resource & Services Administration [HRSA], 2023b). However, this deficit will not be resolved soon, as nearly half of mental health practitioners currently report intentions to leave their employment (Centers for Disease Control [CDC], 2023). Furthermore, resolving the shortage will require more than hiring additional mental health professionals (HRSA, 2023b). Compared to the larger workforce, mental health providers have a higher risk of experiencing detrimental occupational outcomes (Cocker & Joss, 2016; Ledoux, 2015; Ondrejkova & Halamova, 2022; Sinclair et al., 2017; Sorenson et al., 2016). Burnout, one of the occupational harms associated with the unique demands of care work, is a driving force in the provider retention problem (CDC, 2023; Hoge et al., 2007; Morse et al., 2012). Although there is a direct link between burnout and a lack of organizational support (Schaufeli & Greenglass, 2001), there is a lack of research examining systemic causal factors. Most existing studies neglect to explore links between work characteristics and employee well-being and are restricted to investigating individual traits as contributors (CDC, 2023). The present study confronts the gap in the literature through a systemic exploratory analysis. This quantitative study examined the link between workplace environments and mental health (open full item for complete abstract)

Doctor of Education , University of Dayton, 2024, Educational Administration

Children are among our most vulnerable and post COVID-19 exhibited an increase in mental health issues in our schools. This led to increased needs for mental health professionals in the schools. Mental health agencies have had difficulty building capacity and keeping quality mental health professionals, implying there was a lack of understanding of and system for supporting these staff. Leadership needed to take a different approach to attending to mental health staffs' needs. This action research study focused on ways organizational leadership can reduce burnout and increase empowerment and support of mental health staff. This qualitative study was grounded in Watson's Caring Theory and focused on using a transformational leadership approach.

Ed.D., Antioch University, 2024, Education

In this dissertation, I explore the emotional intelligence (EQ) competencies of 19 female student-athletes at one Division III institution. College students are suffering from a collective brain health crisis in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic (United States Department of Health and Human Services, 2021). Students' social and emotional needs and skills have continued to steadily decline. Colleges have a responsibility to prioritize the social-emotional health of all students above performance and achievement. Student-athletes in particular face unique challenges and pressures that nonathlete students do not. Managing time commitments of athletic schedules and coursework, navigating publicity and increased attention, and facing pressure to perform well in sports and academics are just a few of these unique challenges. Female athletes have historically been under-recognized compared to male athletes and there is a lack of scholarship examining the intersection of being a student, an athlete, and a female. There is existing research that explores the student-athlete experience, yet few of these studies focus on Division III institutions, female athletes, or how EQ helps to identify factors that contribute to well-being and success both in and outside the sporting arena. The central inquiries of this research are: (1) What trends are observable in the emotional intelligence competencies of Division III female college athletes? (2) What do their emotional intelligence competencies reveal about their well-being success factor specifically? (3) How can college campuses continue or improve the provision of support for female collegiate athletes? In this study, I listened to v students' voices, using an explanatory mixed methods approach, to gather both quantitative and qualitative data to explore well-being and EQ. This study's theoretical foundation is grounded in the Six Seconds EQ-in-Action framework and influenced by Ryan (open full item for complete abstract)

PHD, Kent State University, 2024, College of Education, Health and Human Services / School of Health Sciences

This study aimed to examine the relationship between mental health help-seeking intentions and host acculturation, heritage acculturation, stigma tolerance, expertness, and self-efficacy among Saudi international students in the United States. Additionally, it sought to explore the impact of anxiety, depression, and the COVID-19 impact and experiences on the mental health help-seeking intention of Saudi university students in the United States. A cross-sectional survey research design was used to collect data from Saudi students enrolled in American universities. A sample size of 377 was pursued based on sample size estimation for a confidence interval of 95% and a margin of error of 5%. A total of 198 respondents completed the survey covering demographic variables, acculturation, stigma tolerance, expertness, intent, self-efficacy, anxiety and depression assessment, and COVID-19 impact and experience. Data were analyzed by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS)Statistical significance was set at p≤.05.