Doctor of Philosophy, University of Akron, 2008, Electrical Engineering

A novel eddy current (EC) system was developed for the measurement of torque in a rotating shaft, resulting in the following new contributions beyond the current "state of the art" in the field.1. Outline of a general methodology for shaft torque measurements and the development of an adaptable EC test system that can be applied to a variety of torque measuring applications with diverse constraints. 2. EC characterization of torque-stressed 18% Ni maraging steel at various excitation directions and test frequencies using a specially designed U-core EC sensor and fundamental and harmonic data analysis. 3. Design, development, and evaluation of a novel probe-type EC sensor with dual excitation windings, dual focused U-core elements at 90° to each other, and dual differentially connected sensing windings for static and dynamic shaft torque measurements. 4. System analysis for optimum shaft torque measurement accuracy taking into consideration the EC response behavior of torque-stressed 18% Ni maraging steel, the EC sensor characteristics, the effects of excitation field strength and test frequency, and the applied shaft torque and sensor air gap variations. 5. Design, development, and evaluation of a constant air-gap EC sensor assembly for shaft torque measurements. 6. The developed EC system can be applied in a wide variety of torque measurement or control systems to improve system performance and reliability.

Committee: Nathan Ida PhD (Advisor) Subjects: Electrical Engineering

Master of Science, The Ohio State University, 2020, Dentistry

Statement of problem. With the introduction of the angled screw channel concept in 2004 by a manufacturer (Dynamic Abutment; Talladium International Implantology) followed by the emergence of similar solutions from several other manufacturers in the succeeding years, it has become possible to restore axially-inclined implants with screw-retained crowns without the need for an intermediary angle-correcting abutment. Research is lacking as to how the non-axially tightened implant crowns perform under mechanical cyclic loading and as to how their Reverse Torque Values compare with axially tightened cement-retained crowns restored on angle-correcting abutments. Purpose. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the ability of different 25° angled screw channel hexalobular systems to apply the target torque value on their screws, the effect of cyclic loading on their Reverse Torque Values, and their survival compared to crowns cemented on conventional 0° screw channel angled abutments. Materials and Methods. The ISO 14801:2007 fatigue test for endosseous dental implants requirements were taken into consideration when designing the study. A total of 28 implants (Nobel Replace Conical Connection) were divided into four different groups: DY (Dynamic Tibase®, Dynamic Abutment Solutions), DE (AngleBase®, Dess Dental Smart Solutions), ASC (Angulated Screw Channel Solutions, Nobel BioCare) and UB (Universal Base, Nobel BioCare) (n=7). Using each manufacturer's specific angulated Ti-base solution, twenty-one angulated screw channel crowns were fabricated at 25° angle correction for groups ASC, DY and DE. The fourth group (UB) served as control consisting of seven cement-retained crowns with 25° custom-milled angled zirconia abutments that were cemented onto their respective Universal Bases. With the aid of CAD-CAM technology, the digital design of the angulated screw channel crown was generated from a scanned analogue model (Kilgore D95SDP-200-GSF). Crowns from all gro (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Burak Yilmaz DDS, PhD (Advisor); Robert Seghi DDS, MS (Committee Member); William Johnston MS, PhD (Committee Member) Subjects: Dentistry

Master of Science in Engineering, University of Akron, 2018, Electrical Engineering

In this thesis, a switched reluctance machine (SRM) with a new winding configuration and a novel power converter design is presented. The new winding topology along with the power converter are developed to improve the machine efficiency by exciting a portion of the phase windings at high speeds. The new topology helps to overcome the effects of the high back EMF voltage (Electromotive Force) and improve the torque characteristics of SRMs. The phase windings are split into two interconnected windings, each with a different number of turns. The two windings act as a transformer due to the magnetic coupling between them. To drive the split winding machine with a different number of turns at different speed levels, the H-bridge converter was improved by adding one extra switch on each leg. The extra switches are only used at high speed operation to reduce the number of turns. At high speed operations, the proposed set-up using only one portion of the winding, pushes higher phase currents. The new winding configuration and extra switch converter topology drive the proposed machine efficiently over a variable speed range. In addition, the proposed work improves the torque characteristic of the machine at both medium and high-speed levels by reducing the number of turns which, as mentioned above, enables the application of higher currents to the phase. The proposed design is investigated using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) circuit simulations on a case study SRM. The new power converter and its associated control algorithm have been tested experimentally. The experimental and simulation results for both full and split winding, SRMs are compared.

Committee: Yilmaz Sozer Dr. (Advisor) Subjects: Electrical Engineering; Engineering

PhD, University of Cincinnati, 2003, Engineering : Industrial Engineering

Robots have been used in manufacturing and service industries to improve productivity, quality, and flexibility. Robots are usually mounted on a fixed plate, or on rails, and can move in a limited manner. The success of robots in these environments encourages the use of mobile robots in other applications where the environments are not structured, such as in outdoor environments. This dissertation presents the development of an autonomous navigation and obstacle avoidance system for a Wheeled Mobile Robot (WMR) operating in unstructured outdoor environments. The algorithm produces the robots path positioned within the road boundaries and avoids any fixed obstacles along the path. The navigation algorithm was developed from a feedforward multilayer neural network. The network used a quasi-Newton backpropagation algorithm for training. Proportional-plus-derivative computed-torque, proportional-plus-integral-plus-derivative computed-torque, digital, and adaptive controllers were developed to select suitable control torques for the motors, which cause the robot to follow the desired path from the navigation algorithm. Simulation software permitting easy investigation of alternative architectures was developed by using Matlab and C++. The simulation software for the controllers was developed for two case studies. The first case study is the two-link robot manipulator, and the second is a navigation controller for the WMR. The simulation software for the WMR navigation controller used the Bearcat III dynamic model, developed in this dissertation. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the navigation algorithm and the controllers. The navigation algorithm was able to produce a path with a small mean square error, compared to the targeted path, which was developed by using an experienced driver. The algorithm also produced acceptable results when tested with different kinds of roads and obstacles. The controllers found suitable control torques, permitting the robot (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Dr. Ernest L. Hall (Advisor) Subjects: Engineering, Industrial

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 2005, Electrical Engineering

Electro-mechanical brake (EMB) systems have been proposed to replace the conventional hydraulic brake systems. Due to the advantages such as fault tolerant operation, robust performance, high efficiency, and reliable position sensorless control, switched reluctance machine (SRM) has been chosen as the servomotor of the EMB systems. This research is focused on the modeling and control of switched reluctance machines for EMB systems. The overall goal is to design a robust clamping force controller without position sensors for the SRM. An accurate model and precisely estimated parameters are critical to the successful implementation of the control system. An inductance based model for switched reluctance machine is proposed for this research. Maximum likelihood estimation techniques are developed to identify the SRM parameters from standstill test and online operating data, which can overcome the effect of noise inherent in the data. Four-quadrant operation of the SRM is necessary for the EMB system. Based on the inductance model of SRM, algorithms for four-quadrant torque control and torque-ripple minimization are developed and implemented. The control objective of the EMB system is to provide desired clamping force response at the brake pads and disk. A robust clamping force controller is designed using backstepping. The backstepping design proceeds by considering lower-dimensional subsystems and designing virtual control inputs. The virtual control inputs in the first and second steps are rotor speed and torque, respectively. In the third step, the actual control inputs, phase voltages, appear and can be designed. Simulation results demonstrate the performance and robustness of the controller. Position sensorless control of SRM is desired to reduce system weight and cost, and increase reliability. A sliding mode observer based sensorless controller is developed. Algorithms for sensorless control at near zero speeds and sensorless startup are also proposed and simula (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Ali Keyhani (Advisor) Subjects:

Doctor of Philosophy, University of Akron, 2009, Electrical Engineering

This dissertation presents a methodology for designing low noise small permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives by addressing the issues of cogging torque, torque ripple, acoustic noise and vibration. The methodology incorporates several pole shaping and magnet skew schemes in different motor topologies with similar envelop dimensions and output characteristics intended for an automotive application. The developed methodology is verified with finite element analysis (FEA) and experiments. A comprehensive design methodology has been developed for obtaining the analytical design of the machine for a given set of output characteristics. Using the FEA, the effects of various magnet shapes and skew on the machine performances (e.g. cogging torque, torque ripple etc.) have been analyzed. The FEA and experimental results show that for certain magnet designs and configurations the skewing does not necessarily reduce the ripple in the electromagnetic torque, but may cause it to increase. An analytical model to predict radial vibration due to magnetic radial pressure on the motor structure has also been developed. This model is used for predicting the noise power level for several motor topologies designed for similar powe level applications. The predicted noise levels are utilized to develop guidelines for selecting motor configurations, internal dimensions and winding types for a low-noise PMSM. The selection of low-noise PMSM is not a straightforward one; rather it is a compromise between torque harmonics and radial vibration of the machines. Some PMSM configurations with less radial vibration might have seen to posses excessive torque ripples and thereby violating the other requirements for the motor to be less noisy. Experiments are conducted to record the torque ripple variation for different magnet shapes and skew in order to validate the results of FE models. The experimental results have successfully correlated with the FE computations.

Committee: Iqbal Husain (Advisor) Subjects: Electrical Engineering

Master of Science, The Ohio State University, 2024, Dentistry

Statement of problem: The introduction of carbon fiber-reinforced PEEK polymer screw in two-piece zirconia implants, facilitated the development of “metal-free" implant solutions. However, the literature lacks studies on the performance of such a screw joint assembly, particularly regarding reverse torque values. Purpose: To evaluate the effect of artificial aging and cyclic loading on reverse torque values and survival rates of carbon fiber-reinforced PEEK polymer screws in two-piece zirconia. Materials and Methods: A total of 20 implants were divided into two main groups. The testing group utilized 10 zirconia implants (NobelPearl Tapered RP 4.2 x 10 mm, Nobel BioCare, Kloten, Switzerland) with carbon fiber-reinforced polymer screws (VICARBO®, NobelPearl, Nobel BioCare, Kloten, Switzerland) to retain the zirconia crown cemented on zirconia abutments (NobelPearl abutment straight IX RP 1). The control group used 10 titanium implants (NobelReplaceTM Conical Connection, RP 4.3 x 10 mm, Nobel BioCare, Kloten, Switzerland) with titanium alloy screws (Clinical Screw Conical Connection, Nobel BioCare, Kloten, Switzerland) to retain zirconia crowns cemented on titanium abutments (Snappy abutment 5.5 CC RP 1.5, Nobel BioCare, Kloten, Switzerland). Implants were cemented into twenty glass cloth reinforced epoxy resin cylinders (G10, National Electrical Manufacturers Association, Rosslyn, Virginia, USA) using a dual-cured resin (Rock Core, Zest dental solutions, California, USA). All zirconia crowns were digitally designed to an identical shape maxillary central incisors, milled from zirconia blanks (IPS e.max ZirCAD Prime 25 x 98.5mm, Ivoclar, Vivadent USA), sintered, and then cemented with resin cement (Panavia V5, Kuraray Noritake, Okayama, Japan). A total of 60 screws were used in 6 groups. In the first two groups (T24 and Z24) a torque limiting wrench (NobelPearl Manual Torque Wrench, Nobel BioCare, Kloten, Switzerland) was used to deliver the manufacture's recomm (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Shereen Azer (Advisor); Hanin Hammoudeh (Committee Member); Damian Lee (Committee Member) Subjects: Dentistry

Master of Science, The Ohio State University, 2024, Mechanical Engineering

EcoCAR EV Challenge is a four-year competition to redesign, integrate, test and refine an all-wheel drive (AWD) propulsion system in a Cadillac LYRIQ. The objective of this project is to improve the performance of the vehicle while maintaining the efficiency of the system along with added autonomous capabilities. This thesis shines light on the controls implementation of the torque distribution strategy to the two electric machines that constitute the AWD architecture. The controller architecture is defined and developed to meet the requirements set by the competition and the vehicle to interact seamlessly while implementing controller strategies to improve efficiency. Various methods to optimize the efficiency are discussed with simulations of expected system behavior and performance comparisons. Two optimization cost functions and their solutions are compared. Each solution is implemented and evaluated in simulation and vehicle testing for efficiency, performance, drive quality and system safety. The strategy with minimization for the losses of the electric machines is projected to improve the overall energy consumption by 12% with the use of the rear disconnect unit and reduce the rolling losses in highway cruising conditions.

Committee: Shawn Midlam-Mohler (Advisor); Giorgio Rizzoni (Committee Member) Subjects: Automotive Engineering

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 2024, Physics

The spin Hall effect has attracted considerable attention since its first experimental observation in 2004. It was demonstrated that spin-orbit torque due to the spin Hall effect in heavy metals and topological insulators can efficiently switch the magnetization in an adjacent ferromagnet. Thus, the spin-orbit torque is envisioned to play a key role in the next generation energy-efficient non-volatile magnetic memory. More recently, the orbital Hall effect has been predicted theoretically in variety of materials. Several theoretical groups argued that an orbital current can be generated without spin-orbit coupling and that in the presence of the spin-orbit coupling it is converted to a spin current, therefore giving rise to the spin Hall effect. Thus the orbital Hall effect may be more fundamental than the spin Hall effect. This new development in the field of spintronics seems truly fascinating. The first experimental evidences of the orbital Hall effect started to appear just a few years ago, around 2020. In this dissertation, I summarize our studies investigating the spin and orbital Hall effects over the last five years, showing that current-modulated and time-resolved techniques based on magneto-optic Kerr effect are powerful tools to study and quantify spin-orbit torques in magnetic/nonmagnetic bilayers, as well as to probe orbital accumulations on the surface of a single layer of nonmagnetic material. Chapter 3 focuses on the spin-orbit torque study in kagome magnet Fe3Sn2 and Pt bilayers by means of time-resolved and current-modulated magneto-optic Kerr effect. Chapter 4 discusses anomalous Nernst effect microscopy of in-plane magnetized domain structure of Fe3Sn2 based on the local heating by a laser, which is interesting as a technique. Chapter 5 is dedicated to experimental detection of the orbital Hall effect in a light metal Cr. It is followed by a growth study of thin Tm films by means of molecular beam epitaxy described in Chapter 6. Chapte (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Roland Kawakami (Advisor); Yuan-Ming Lu (Committee Member); Alexandra Landsman (Committee Member); Chun Ning Lau (Committee Member) Subjects: Physics

Doctor of Philosophy, University of Akron, 2024, Electrical Engineering

An axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) motor can be considered one of the optimal motor designs due to its higher torque density and compact sizing. To date, most AFPM models have adopted surface mounted and spoke type rotor designs for various applications. However, these designs provide poor protection for the magnet. Furthermore, the low saliency ratio of the surface mounted AFPM motors limits their performance in the flux weakening region. On the other hand, magnets in an AFPM can be placed inside well-designed flux barriers to guard against external forces. The advantages of the proposed design can be described in the following ways. First, the flux barriers provide protection for magnets in harsh operating conditions. Second, this rotor structure generates a satisfactory level of reluctance torque which extends the operating region of the motor. Third, the simpler flux barrier simplifies the manufacturing process of the motor and reduces the manufacturing cost. This paper describes the design, optimization and prototype development of a double stator single rotor (DSSR) axial flux interior permanent magnet (AFIPM) motor with a novel “H” shaped flux barrier. Once the design parameters of the rotor and stator have been pointed out, an initial design of the proposed AFIPM has been developed in finite element analysis (FEA) based on the machining requirements and design specifications. However, the initial AFIPM design exhibited lower average torque and higher ripple. As a result, a novel multistage optimization method has been developed to achieve the desired electromagnetic performance. This optimization method, which includes Taguchi orthogonal array, multivariate regression analysis and a genetic algorithm, calculates the optimal design parameters of the motor. Detailed electromagnetic finite element analysis has been executed to compare the performances of the optimized model with the benchmark design. An AFIPM prototype has been developed to verify th (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Dr. Yilmaz Sozer (Advisor); Dr. J. Alexis De Abreu Garcia (Committee Member); Dr. Igor Tsukerman (Committee Member); Dr. Xiaosheng Gao (Committee Member); Dr. J. Patrick Wilber (Committee Member) Subjects: Electrical Engineering

Master of Science in Biological Sciences, Youngstown State University, 2023, Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry

Two-toed sloths are larger than three-toed forms and have the capacity for greater strength and power associated with their high frequency of suspension and predatory avoidance behaviors. However, limb muscle myology is available for a single species while muscle architectural properties remain unknown for the genus Choloepus. This study provides novel descriptions of muscular arrangements and quantifications of muscle fiber architecture in the forelimb of Hoffmann's two-toed sloth (C. hoffmanni: N=6). Origin, insertion, action, and fiber orientation were documented in 59 forelimb muscles along with a suite of geometric measurements to calculate physiological cross- sectional area (PCSA) and estimate isometric force, joint torque, and instantaneous power capacities. Several notable features are observed: (1) modifications to the origin of m. trapezius pars and m. biceps brachii short head; (2) a complex shoulder-elbow muscle chain; (3) extra of bellies of the mm. rhomboideus, m. pectoralis superficialis, and m. flexor digitorum profundus versus those muscles in Bradypus. Beyond these myological traits, the musculature becomes progressively more pennate from the extrinsic to the distal intrinsic regions of the forelimb, and all flexors are larger than their counterpart extensors. Except for a few pairs of small stabilizers, the majority of muscles have greater ability for shortening but limited sized-scaled force. However, selected large, powerful shoulder (e.g., m. latissimus dorsi) and elbow (e.g., m. brachioradialis) flexors are capable of applying large joint torques over an extended range of contractile excursion by having elongated moment arms. Muscle gearing is further exemplified by pairs of synergistic muscles with opposing fast joint rotational velocity versus mechanical advantage arrangements in each functional group. Last, the digital flexors have variable architectural properties, but their collectively large PCSA and force capability (2.2x bodyweight fo (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Michael Butcher PhD (Advisor); Stefania C. Panaitof PhD (Committee Member); Thomas Diggins PhD (Committee Member) Subjects: Anatomy and Physiology; Biology; Biomechanics; Morphology; Physiology; Zoology

Masters of Science in Kinesiology and Health, Miami University, 2023, Kinesiology, Nutrition, and Health

No study has been published that determines whether torque production and neuromuscular fatigue is affected by skeletal muscle architecture and physical training methodologies during an acute bout of resistance exercise. PURPOSE: This study compared muscle architecture and torque characteristics during resistance exercise done to fatigue in highly trained endurance and sprint athletes. METHODS: 13 male collegiate athletes volunteered for this study. On Day 1, anthropometric, body composition, and muscle imaging measurements were made. Practice trials of the leg extension exercise were conducted on an isokinetic dynamometer. On Day 2, exercise trials were conducted at velocities of 100|50 and 50|50 degrees per second until fatigue. EMG and fNIRS devices were used to measure fatigue. RESULTS: Athlete type had a significant effect on minimum torque and percent drop in torque for the 100|50 trials. Fascicle length was negatively correlated with pennation angle and positively correlated with muscle thickness. CONCLUSION: Training methodologies have not significantly influenced muscle architecture of the subjects in this study. Sprint group showed a greater drop in torque during the 100|50 velocity fatiguing bout of resistance exercise than EDR. This may be evidence to support that endurance athletes are better able to resist large drops in torque when fatigued.

Committee: Randal Claytor (Advisor); Mark Walsh (Committee Member); Kevin Ballard (Committee Member) Subjects: Kinesiology

Master of Science in Engineering, University of Akron, 2023, Mechanical Engineering

With advancements in modern battery technology, electric vehicles (EVs) have become increasingly more prevalent on the road. While the technology is still evolving, it has become clear that EVs have numerous benefits, and some of which are performance oriented. One of these benefits is the ability to package electric motors that are directly connected to individual wheels or axles. With this, combined with the considerably reduced feedback loop of electric motors with respect to a combustion engine, it has become easier to implement advanced motor control systems, such as traction control (TC) and torque vectoring (TV). In this thesis, a MATLAB program to generate Milliken Moment Diagrams (MMDs) will be created using tire models and vehicle parameters, in which the cornering response of a given vehicle will be calculated given a set of input conditions. Various motor configurations will be simulated in these MMDs to compare the differences in vehicle behavior to demonstrate the potential benefits of torque vectoring. Several input conditions are also varied to explore the robustness of the models, in which a TV control “map” is created and applied to show how the model can be utilized as a tool to improve vehicle performance in coordination with testing.

Committee: Daniel Deckler (Advisor); Ajay Mahajan (Committee Member); Alper Buldum (Committee Member) Subjects: Automotive Engineering; Electrical Engineering; Engineering; Mechanical Engineering

Doctor of Philosophy, University of Akron, 2022, Electrical Engineering

This research proposes a direct voltage control approach for electric motors, including the single-stage converter topology and the control algorithms. The proposed motor drive system achieves smooth output voltage waveforms for phase excitations and utilizes them to extend the drive capability besides improving the torque ripple, noise, and vibration performance. Applicable to various motor types, the direct voltage control (DVC) is mainly investigated for driving switched reluctance motor (SRM) in the scope of this thesis. Different voltage regulation-based control algorithms are studied. Since the capability of shaping the phase voltage precisely allows control of any motor variables, this ability enables regulating the phase currents, flux linkages, and phase voltages to obtain superior performance. A finite element analysis (FEA) is performed to characterize the motor for building a dynamic simulation model for an SRM. The developed DVC and the conventional control are simulated using this machine model in comparison to each other. A new dual polarity power converter (DPC) is modeled, which can buck and boost the DC bus voltage and provides a variable voltage generation (VVG). The DPC can process power in both directions and provide a variable voltage in both positive and negative polarities at the motor windings. Following the DPC design process, power boards and gate driver boards are manufactured and populated as modular systems for individual motor phases. The developed converter model is customized and sized to construct a motor drive for the targeted operating conditions of the investigated SRM. It includes a control board to enable the 3-phase operation and a single DC bus as the power source for all three modular power converters. A resistive load setup is built to test the converter's performance. After verifying the DPC's performance for its designed load conditions and position-dependent dynamics, the motor tests are performed. The motor tests (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Yilmaz Sozer (Advisor); Patrick Wilber (Committee Member); Alper Buldum (Committee Member); Igor Tsukerman (Committee Member); J. Alexis De Abreu Garcia (Committee Member) Subjects: Aerospace Engineering; Alternative Energy; Electrical Engineering; Electromagnetics; Electromagnetism; Energy; Engineering; Technology

Master of Science, The Ohio State University, 2022, Mechanical Engineering

It is not granted that the advantageous architecture of hybrid electric vehicles will result in improved economy and functionality. This is due to the complex nature of the tradeoff between fuel consumption and battery consumption in the vehicle and how it is controlled. Thus, as hybrid electric vehicles become more ubiquitous, it is necessary to conceive quicker and cheaper ways to prototype their controls. One feasible alternative to the immensely expensive prototypes produced by OEMs is to use an existing conventional vehicle platform as a host for a prototype. This method is explored in this paper and involves the installment of electric motors, a high voltage system, and, if desired, an engine swap. The systems' on-board serial communications structure must be commandeered in order to prototype hybrid supervisory controllers which interact with both the stock and added components. To achieve this a single programmable node equipped with a serial gateway can be inserted into the stock serial system. This tool can then be utilized to enable the torque splitting necessary between the two halves of the powertrain. During the development of this method, it was noted that the programmable node and its serial gateway had the power to enable many secondary features such as shift timing algorithms, P0 series charging, start/stop manipulation, and implementation of an ACC controller.

Committee: Giorgio Rizzoni (Committee Member); Shawn Midlam-Mohler (Advisor) Subjects: Automotive Engineering; Engineering; Mechanical Engineering

Doctor of Musical Arts, The Ohio State University, 2022, Music

Christopher Deane's contributions to the realms of solo and chamber percussion music are vast and far reaching. His works receive countless performances every year by high school, collegiate, and professional musicians. That being said, discourse on Deane has focused entirely on his solo music. This document provides an in-depth examination on the compositional processes, performance implications, and pedagogical benefits of five of Deane's published chamber percussion works. They include the following: The Manes Scroll, Scavenger Music, Vespertine Formations, Almost Perpetual Torque, and Marimba Quartet No.2 “Sensing the Coriolis.” Each chapter begins with background on one of the works, followed by a formal and thematic analysis, discussion of performance issues and extended techniques, pedagogical implications, and finally program notes from the composer or author. At the end, two appendices are provided, containing a list of Deane's published percussion works and a discography of his percussion ensemble works. Ultimately, the author hopes to provide a resource for percussionists and educators looking to program one of Deane's works.

Committee: Susan Powell (Advisor); Russel Mikkelson (Committee Member); Bruce Henniss (Committee Member); Anna Gawboy (Committee Member) Subjects: Music; Pedagogy; Performing Arts

Master of Science, The Ohio State University, 2021, Mechanical Engineering

The EcoCAR Mobility Challenge is a four-year design cycle which tasks teams with designing a hybrid Chevrolet Blazer that serves the commuter market by efficiently providing a Mobility-as-a-Service. In Year 1 of the competition the OSU EcoCAR team selected a series-parallel hybrid architecture and defined vehicle performance goals to be achieved at the end of the development cycle. In Year 2, the stock GM Blazer was modified and hybrid propulsion components – a downsized 2.0L engine, P0 motor and P4 motor – were integrated and rear powertrain modifications were made. A full vehicle model, driver model, and HIL test harness for the EcoCAR hybrid vehicle was set up and the development of a Hybrid Supervisory Controller (HSC) was started. Components were bench tested after integration into the vehicle. In Year 3, the various algorithms necessary to achieve baseline functionality of the EcoCAR vehicle were developed and tested. A V-systems engineering process was followed to design control strategies from defined system requirements and constraints. Engine torque control was achieved by manipulating ACC (Adaptive Cruise Control) CAN messages through an Engine Control Module gateway. A simple REM torque assist strategy and a series charging algorithm utilizing the BAS were developed and implemented in the vehicle. The vehicle completed 200+ miles of VIL testing at the Transportation Research Center (TRC), maintaining SoC between 30-80% and meeting acceleration requests in performance mode. Methods to improve fuel economy with an energy management strategy has also been discussed for refining the HSC in Year 4.

Committee: Shawn Midlam-Mohler (Advisor); Rizzoni Giorgio (Committee Member) Subjects: Automotive Engineering; Mechanical Engineering

Master of Science, The Ohio State University, 2021, Electrical and Computer Engineering

The Ohio State EcoCAR team is a student project team at The Ohio State University that competes in the Advanced Vehicle Technology Competition series sponsored by Argonne National Laboratories, General Motors, and Mathworks. The current iteration, the EcoCAR Mobility Challenge, challenges 11 universities to reengineer a 2019 Chevrolet Blazer into a hybrid-electric vehicle with added autonomous functionalities. The goal of this competition is to provide students an opportunity to gain real-world engineering experience while they work to decrease the vehicle's environmental impact and increase the autonomous capabilities of the vehicle. The competition series spans over a four-year design cycle that consists of simulation/modelling, vehicle propulsion and autonomous integration, and vehicle calibration/optimization. To convert the Blazer into a hybrid-electric vehicle, the addition of high voltage components like electric motors, inverters, and battery packs is necessary. When adding high voltage components like electric motors though, the thermal management strategy of these components becomes an important design factor that must be considered. Thermal management strategies can consist of integrating thermal loops into the vehicle to physically remove heat from these components, but these strategies can also consist of control-based methods. To prevent a rear electric motor overheating issue like the team experienced in the EcoCAR 3 competition series, a focus was put on developing an adaptive torque control strategy to limit torque requests based on motor temperature. This work discusses the development process for this adaptive torque control strategy. A thermal model was first adapted to fit the EcoCAR Mobility Challenge application to estimate the temperatures of the motor winding, rotor, and stator core/housing. Unknown motor parameters had to be found for the EcoCAR motor using an optimization and error calculation MATLAB script, and the α parameter for p (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Shawn Midlam-Mohler Dr. (Advisor); Giorgio Rizzoni Dr. (Committee Member) Subjects: Automotive Engineering; Electrical Engineering

Master of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2021, EMC - Mechanical Engineering

Quantifying the chronic performance of a peripheral nerve electrode is critical to determine the long-term viability for the device in vivo. To develop a method of chronic evaluation, a non-invasive rodent hindlimb stabilization device was designed and tested to measure the resulting torque about the ankle joint due to sciatic nerve stimulation and isometric muscle contraction of the lower leg. With the increased accessibility of fused deposition modeling (FDM), eleven out of the fourteen custom-made components are fabricated using FDM printing to promote manufacturability and reduce cost. After benchtop calibration, an acute rodent study was conducted to assess apparatus measurement output and repeatability. The apparatus captured a maximum torque of 41.38 N-mm across rat subjects, which is consistent with published values in the literature. Apparatus inter-operator measurement variability calls for the development of a detailed protocol for apparatus use and repeatable implantation and evaluation of electrode stimulation-evoked ankle flexion.

Committee: Andrew Shoffstall (Committee Member); Clare Rimnac (Committee Member); Roger Quinn (Committee Chair) Subjects: Biomechanics; Biomedical Engineering; Mechanical Engineering

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 2020, Mechanical Engineering

Iterative learning control (ILC) has been growing in applicability, along with growth in theory for classes of linear and nonlinear systems. The current study extends the theory of ILC to hybrid systems, primarily motivated by the need to develop efficient automated procedures for the calibration of gearshift controllers. A lifted form representation of hybrid systems with input-output dependent switching rules is developed, and the proposed lifted form representation used for control design. Causality of hybrid systems in the time domain results in a (lower) triangular structure of hybrid Markov matrices in the trial domain, the triangular structure enabling systematic and efficient control design. Specifically, a solution to the required set of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) is guaranteed to exist under mild assumptions, which is in contrast to many other studies proposing LMI based solutions in general controls literature. In addition to extending the theory of ILC to hybrid systems, and developing systematic design methods for computation of the required learning controllers, ILC of linear and hybrid systems with uncertain trial duration and linear and hybrid systems with shape-constrained control inputs, which often result from the parameterization of feedforward control inputs using look-up tables, is also studied. Robustness to system uncertainty is explicitly incorporated using the interval systems formulation, and robust learning controllers are designed for linear and hybrid systems. In addition, for ILC of systems with large variations in the operating conditions such as the initial conditions and/or external forces, a novel idea of parametric learning is introduced, the resulting ILC being termed as parametric-ILC or P-ILC. The design methods presented for the computation of learning controllers are first validated numerically for several motion control applications, and then are used for developing automated procedures for the calibration of ge (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Krishnaswamy Srinivasan (Advisor); Giorgio Rizzoni (Committee Member); David Hoelzle (Committee Member) Subjects: Mechanical Engineering