Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 2020, English

Pathology and Pity traces the interdependence of medical and moral models of disability in American literature of the long nineteenth-century, from Royall Tyler's The Algerine Captive (1797), to several short stories by Edgar Allan Poe in the 1840s, to the promotional materials of stuttering school literature from the 1880s to the 1920s, to Herman Melville's Billy Budd, unpublished at the time of Melville's death but composed 1888-1891. The interdependence of these models shapes not just the way that disability is represented in the works examined, but also the way that disability functions in and shapes the narratives. Each chapter focuses on how medical and moral discourses related to a particular disability - blindness, madness, and stuttering - in contemporaneous philosophical, medical, journalistic, and promotional writings influenced the literary works examined. Throughout nineteenth-century America, the relationship between medical and moral models of disability produced a number of related discourses that tie into Foucault's concepts of disciplinary power and biopower: compulsory ablebodiedness; disability as an object of and barrier to sympathy; the push toward cure; the ability of diagnosis to reliably read pathological and moral defects; the connection between willpower, self-awareness, and ability; the benevolence of medicine; and the elevation of expertise. Some works of American nineteenth-century literature reinforce these discourses, others challenge them, and some exhibit a tension between the two positions. Disability functions as a narrative device to speak to national debates in American culture and to comment on the very nature of storytelling and reading. Tyler's novel uses the cure of blindness to reflect on the proper way of seeing America and telling the story of becoming a proper American citizen. Poe's stories incorporate anxieties about madness and psychiatric diagnosis to address concerns about criminal responsibility and the role of (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Amy Shuman (Advisor); Molly Farrell (Committee Member); Elizabeth Renker (Committee Member) Subjects: American History; American Literature; American Studies; Epistemology; Ethics; History; Literature; Medical Ethics; Science History

Master of Arts, The Ohio State University, 1969, Graduate School

Committee: Not Provided (Other) Subjects:

Master of Arts, The Ohio State University, 1969, Graduate School

Committee: Not Provided (Other) Subjects:

Master of Arts, The Ohio State University, 1969, Graduate School

Committee: Not Provided (Other) Subjects:

Master of Arts, The Ohio State University, 1965, Graduate School

Committee: Not Provided (Other) Subjects:

Master of Arts, The Ohio State University, 1970, Graduate School

Committee: Not Provided (Other) Subjects:

MA, Kent State University, 2024, College of Education, Health and Human Services / School of Health Sciences

This thesis investigated the interplay between foreign accent and social judgments of stuttering with a particular emphasis on American-English monolingual and Arabic-English bilingual speakers. This project underscored the importance of linguistic diversity and how speech disorders and differences are perceived by native speakers of American English. The study aimed to uncover potential biases toward and challenges faced by Arabic-English bilingual non-native speakers who stutter. To do this, an experimental design was used to evaluate contrasting perceptions of stuttering among American-English and Arabic-English bilingual speakers. It was theorized that the foreign accent may intensify negative judgments towards stuttering, potentially due to linguistic prejudices or lack of exposure and potential additive effects associated with multiple out-group features (i.e., accent and stuttering). Findings contributed to the broader discourse on language, stigma, and inclusivity, highlighting the necessity for a more precise understanding of speech disorders and differences within multicultural contexts.

Committee: Jennifer Roche Dr. (Advisor); Kathleen Durant Dr. (Committee Member); Hayley S. Arnold Dr. (Committee Member) Subjects: Language Arts; Social Psychology; Sociolinguistics; Sociology; Speech Therapy; Therapy

Master of Arts (MA), Bowling Green State University, 1964, Communication Disorders

Committee: Melvin Hyman (Advisor) Subjects: Speech Therapy

Master of Science (MS), Bowling Green State University, 1960, Communication Disorders

Committee: George Herman (Advisor) Subjects: Speech Therapy

Master of Science (MS), Bowling Green State University, 1952, Communication Disorders

Committee: A. Bruce Graham (Advisor) Subjects: Speech Therapy

Master of Science (MS), Bowling Green State University, 1960, Communication Disorders

Committee: George Herman (Advisor) Subjects: Speech Therapy

Master of Arts (MA), Bowling Green State University, 1959, Communication Disorders

Committee: George Herman (Advisor) Subjects: Speech Therapy

Master of Arts (MA), Bowling Green State University, 1956, Communication Disorders

Committee: Eugene Batza (Advisor) Subjects: Speech Therapy

Master of Science (MS), Bowling Green State University, 1952, Communication Disorders

Committee: A. Bruce Graham (Advisor) Subjects: Speech Therapy

BS, Kent State University, 2020, College of Education, Health and Human Services / School of Health Sciences

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify implicit and explicit attitudes of the public towards people who stuttering using a computer mouse tracking paradigm when answering questions on the Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes -Stuttering (POSHA-S). Methods: Participants were 21 males and 11 females who reported using a computer mouse to complete an online modified version of the POSHA-S remotely. Responses were compared by the helpful/correct and unhelpful/incorrect response to the questions in each component of the POSHA-S. Area Under the Curve (AUC), measuring mouse trajectory, and Reaction Times (RT) were used as measures of implicit attitudes. Results: Participants demonstrated a significant difference in the number of correct and helpful responses on one component of the POSHA-S, and in reaction time for another component. No significant difference in area under the curve was found. Discussion: The results the findings of this study offer evidence of participants reporting more correct/helpful explicit responses in a dichotic response task to the commonly used assessment, the POSHA-S. The implicit measure of area under the curve did not support the hypothesis that area under the curve would be higher when participants select the correct/helpful responses, reaction time provided some limited indications that participants may respond quicker to the incorrect and unhelpful response options than to the correct and helpful response options, particularly for one component. Based on these findings, further data should be collected to have a better understanding of the relationship between the public's implicit and explicit towards people who stutter

Committee: Hayley Arnold PhD. (Advisor); Jennifer Roche PhD. (Committee Member); Jian Li PhD. (Committee Member); Jennifer Taber PhD. (Committee Member) Subjects: Social Psychology; Speech Therapy

Master of Fine Arts, Miami University, 2020, English

Keel sentence sin tax is a collection of experimental poetry engaging particularly with machine-writing procedures as methods of generating poetry outside of and against the controlling and containing impulses of sense and logic. In three long poems, the text considers the way state power operates by and through logistic controls and attempts to use the various non-senses of corrupted machine-writing process to create a truly autonomous poetics. The accompanying essay, "I Don't Write: Machine-Writing and Creative Writing Pedagogy," explores the use of machine-writing procedures in the creative writing classroom, particularly in the context of the Introduction to Creative Writing classroom.

Committee: Cris Cheek PhD (Committee Chair); Cathy Wagner PhD (Committee Member); Keith Tuma PhD (Committee Member) Subjects: Fine Arts

BS, Kent State University, 2019, College of Education, Health and Human Services / School of Health Sciences

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the possible presence of differences in emotion-related regulatory strategy types used by preschool-age children who stutter (CWS) and children who do not stutter (CWNS) during a temptation task. Methods: Participants were 13 CWS and 13 CWNS between 3;2 (years;months) and 5;7, matched for gender and age (+/- 6 months). Behavioral coding was based on the participants' performance in a Forbidden Toy Paradigm, a resistance to temptation task in which the children were asked to refrain from touching a toy. Emotion-related regulation was recognized as (1) verbal regulation, (2) behavioral regulation, or (3) attentional regulation, and was further categorized within each type of regulation. Results: No significant differences were detected in the types of emotion-related regulatory strategies used by CWS, or the frequency of those strategies. Eight of the 13 CWS (62%), in comparison to one of the 13 CWNS (8%), were successful in resisting temptation. Three of the 13 CWS (23%) displayed signs of distress during the task, and none of the CWNS exhibited signs of distress. Discussion: Findings do not indicate differences in emotion-related regulatory strategy use between CWS and CWNS. However, higher levels of resistance to temptation and greater levels of distress in CWS, compared to CWNS, suggest a need for further research.

Committee: Hayley Arnold PhD (Advisor); Jennifer Roche PhD (Committee Member); Coifman Karin PhD (Committee Member); Meyers Timothy PhD (Committee Member) Subjects: Speech Therapy

Master of Science (MS), Bowling Green State University, 2018, Communication Disorders

Stuttering is a developmental communication disorder characterized by atypical interruptions in the forward flow of speech. Although stuttering-like disfluencies can be the most overt characteristic of stuttering, people who stutter (PWS) can also be affected by the perceptions of others. For this reason, it is important to study typical speakers' reactions to stuttering and to investigate techniques that can be used to influence perceptions. The purpose of the current study was to assess employer reactions to the use of varying stuttering disclosure statements in the context of a cover letter for a job application. A mixed-methods approach using Likert scales and open-ended questions was employed to assess the reactions of retail managers to various randomly assigned cover letters. Cover letter conditions included no disclosure statement, a general disclosure statement, a disclosure statement containing mention of speech therapy, and a positive disclosure statement. Quantitative data analysis did not indicate a significant difference between conditions. However, qualitative analysis revealed that the general disclosure statement and the positive disclosure statement were overall more positive compared to the disclosure plus speech therapy condition. Participants in the disclosure plus speech therapy condition and the positive disclosure condition were more likely to indicate they would ask the applicant further questions about stuttering. Results from this study indicate that general or positive disclosure of stuttering on a cover letter prior to a job interview may be beneficial to an applicant who stutters.

Committee: Charles Hughes Ph.D. (Advisor); Brent Archer Ph.D. (Committee Member); Jason Whitfield Ph.D. (Committee Member) Subjects: Speech Therapy

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 1976, Graduate School

Committee: Not Provided (Other) Subjects: Health Sciences

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 1973, Graduate School

Committee: Not Provided (Other) Subjects: Education