PHD, Kent State University, 2020, College of Arts and Sciences / Department of Computer Science

Traditionally, the multi-party telepresence system is supported by one or more servers called Multipoint Control Unit(MCU). These servers are expensive, involve the third party in the system, and also bottleneck for large scale implementation. So, this dissertation presents protocols for autonomous Peer-to-Peer(P2P) implementation of Crowd-scale Telepresence System. The protocols use multiple features from widely adopted P2P network, Gnutella. The proposed protocols and strategies are designed based on the Principle of Distributed Computing (PDC) and the Principle of Priority-based Resource Allocation(PPRA). These principles are considered to address three of the four identified challenges of CMTS implementation, (1) Computational Challenge, (2) Temporal Challenge, and (3) Overcrowding Challenge. The fourth one is the visual challenge which is left for future work. The PDC is used to address the first two challenges by distributing of MCU's workloads among participating peers. The MCU consists of a Multipoint Controller(MC) and one or more Multipoint Processors(MP). For distributed MCU, the optimal placement of MC and MPs in the P2P overlay network is necessary, which is time-consuming because of exponential search space. So, a phase-based design approach is considered. For optimal placement of MC, three incremental protocols, such as GAncestor, ZePoP, and ZePoP-ε are presented. Then, multiple methods are discussed to place the MPs around the optimal MC. For supporting the desired frame rate, two versions of progressive timer management schemes are used at MPs. The protocol ZePoP-ε is designed based on PPRA that emphasis to properly utilize the limited resources of the P2P network. Thus, PPRA is used to address the overcrowding challenge as well as the temporal challenge. It is used to design a profit-based stream collection mechanism of ZePoP-ε for maximizing a Dynamic Role and Demand based Index (DRDI) in bounded waiting time. The proposed protocols and methods co (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Javed I Khan (Advisor); Cheng Chang Chang Lu (Committee Member); Gokarna P Sharma (Committee Member); Murali Shanker (Committee Member); Jun Li (Other) Subjects: Computer Science

Master of Health and Human Services, Youngstown State University, 2014, Department of Health Professions

The current study examined the relationship between job status as well as socioeconomic factors and use of an emergency department (ED) over other sources of care. The study also sought to identify any other confounding variables in this choice of care location such as age, gender, insurance status, or reason for not working. Methods: A secondary analysis of the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data was conducted for years 2010-2012 to determine the relationship between job or socioeconomic status and the use of an ED. Binary logistic regression models were performed and many potentially confounding factors were included to determine whether or not the relationship remains despite these other variables. Results: Definite changes in the use of EDs over other sources of care exist between those of differing job status or socioeconomic status. Those making below 150% of the federal poverty level (FPL) are more likely to use an ED (Β= 2.85, p < 0.001) compared to those who earn over 500% of the FPL, and the likelihood of using an ED decreases steadily as the ratio of income to the FPL increases. This change is also seen in education, where the less educated are more likely to use an ED than the more educated. Lastly, those who are working are less likely to use an ED than those who claim to be currently looking for work (Β= 0.00 vs 1.62, p < 0.001) when compared to those who are not working or looking for work. The findings may be used to better identify the despaired population and reduce the burden currently felt on EDs.

Committee: Joseph Lyons Ph.D. (Advisor); Richard Rogers Ph.D. (Committee Member); Joseph Mistovich (Committee Member) Subjects: Health; Health Care; Health Sciences; Public Health