MS, Kent State University, 2017, College of Arts and Sciences / Department of Computer Science

This thesis explores mobile crowd instrumentation a distinct system of data acquisition and mining with the support of crowd and instrument (Smartphone). As around from many decades, traditional ways of gathering data were either using physical hardware input or from human interaction. With compounding both the techniques, emerges an approach called crowdsourcing, where humans and machine work collectively produce large sums of the analytical data. As recent surge in popularity of smartphones equipped with inertial sensors (Such as gyroscope, infrared, ambient light sensors etc.), which help to collect data without using any external hardware input. Thus, it gives more scope and extensibility of data gathering from an available crowd(humans) not just from aimed or some specialized crowd. We have developed a system with mobile crowd instrumentation to map Surface Solar Irradiance i.e. amount of solar energy radiates on one per square meter of area. The system works collectively using target smartphone sensors data such as camera, gyroscope, accelerometer, GPS, GPRS and mobile clock for computational analysis using mobile processing engine and estimate Surface Solar Irradiance. The crowd addresses this data using crowd mobile application to a cloud server. The proposed mobile crowd instrumentation system architecture, which incorporates using different cloud server, web services and API's helps to interpret data gathered from a mobile crowd and point to results in mapping Surface Solar Irradiance for one specific region to worldwide region. Conjointly, crowd input and cloud computing can follow into many complex crowd instruments which can be mapped into different Data source for e.g. mapping worldwide electromagnetic field or map any type of Data collection such as Audio files (e.g. specific sounds or vocals), video files (e.g. videos of specific events), still Images (e.g. Images of event or kind) or Human inputs from a specific region to worldwide. As this in (open full item for complete abstract)

Master of Arts, Miami University, 2014, English

Many different non-profit organizations, companies, government groups, and individual developers have built hundreds of mobile applications aimed at improving environmental issues in communities, helping people change their actions and behaviors towards the environment, or raising awareness regarding environmental concerns. Applications supporting the environment are just some in a larger category of applications built to serve social and civic change. Although these applications are developed and designed with the best of intentions, oftentimes the standard usability practices and heuristics used to develop these applications do not accommodate the complexities surrounding applications for social and civic change. Therefore, this thesis uses qualitative research practices, interviews with developers and mobile action research with users, to build new research practices and heuristics for those developing user-focused mobile applications for social and civic change.

PhD, University of Cincinnati, 2011, Engineering and Applied Science: Computer Science and Engineering

The limited computing resources on mobile phones, the demands of real-time requirements, and the variable and error-prone nature of the bandwidth of cell phone networks make the task of streaming live video from cell phones very challenging. As such, computational simplicity and efficiency are a requirement for video encoders on mobile devices. This research presents core components of a mobile video compression algorithm that has been developed in this project to compress real-time video from cell phones. This work shows how the careful selection of video compression components can be used to strike a delicate balance between the computationally complex nature of video compression and the efficient utilization of the limited computing resources available on cell phones. Although optimality is never claimed, a method for compressing and streaming real-time video of 15 frames per second has been developed. The video encoder uses 5-3 wavelet transformation and a new subband aligned integer run-length encoding technique to compress video in real-time on mobile devices. The wavelet video encoder is adaptive, highly scalable, and can gracefully adjust video compression levels to match changing cell phone network bandwidth conditions. Further, because of the variability of the bandwidth of cell phone networks, the efficient streaming of real-time video over cell phone networks requires the ability to adapt the quality and amount of video being streamed to the available bandwidth. This research shows that without such adaptability, video frames will be dropped. Experiments presented herein show that without an adaptive framework over 50% of the video frames can be dropped. In response to this challenge, this research implements an application layer framework for the control of real-time streaming video originating from mobile devices to better utilize available bandwidth. The approach taken here aims to align the quality and transmission rate of live streaming video with t (open full item for complete abstract)

MS, University of Cincinnati, 2009, Engineering : Computer Science

Unattended deployment and energy constrained nature of sensor nodes motivates the need of designing reliable, energy efficient Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). Events generate data, which is relayed to the BS though multiple-hops. Although data transfer over multiple-hops minimizes total transmission power, energy of sensors on routing path from event to BS depletes quickly compared to other nodes. Sensor nodes near the Base Station (BS) get heavily loaded with data from the network, leading to dead sensors and connectivity holes in the network. This thesis, proposes a scheme of enhancing network lifetime by employing multiple dynamically mobile BSs in an event driven WSN. Employing dynamically mobile multiple BSs can balance the energy consumption throughout the network. Large-scale networks can benefit by dividing the network in smaller sub-regions and assigning a mobile BS to each sub-region. The BSs move in a controlled manner towards events, thereby reducing the distance traveled by data packets and hence conserving network energy. The BSs also consider various parameters like event area, priority and distance while making relocation decisions. Simulation results show that dynamic mobility of multiple BSs towards events increases the network lifetime significantly, decreasing overall energy consumption of network. Higher energy savings are achieved in networks with more number of BSs as compared to networks with less number of BSs.

Master of Science in Engineering, University of Toledo, 2009, Electrical Engineering

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are autonomous, infrastructure-less networks in which mobile nodes organize themselves in a network without the help of any predefined infrastructure. Securing MANETs is an important part of deploying and utilizing them, since they are often used in critical applications where data and communications integrity in important. Existing solutions for wireless networks can be used to obtain a certain level of such security. However, these solutions may not always be sufficient for MANETs, since their characteristics create vulnerabilities that cannot be addressed by these solutions. To obtain an acceptable level of security in such a context, traditional security solutions should be coupled with an intrusion detection mechanism.We propose using a quantitative method to detect intrusion in MANETS with mobile nodes. Our method is a behavioral anomaly based system, which makes it dynamic, scalable, configurable and robust. We verify our method using simulations where mobile nodes follow linear movement patterns. The simulations are run with mobile nodes and employing Ad-hoc on-demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing. It is observed that the malicious node detection rate is very good, and the false positive detection rate is low.

Ph.D., Antioch University, 2013, Leadership and Change

Bringing innovation to the marketplace for new products and services involves creativity, a culture in which change flourishes, and leadership that thrives on transformation and complexity. This study explored the potential for market disruption or change based on innovations involving patents granted to nonfinancial services organizations that could affect financial services, specifically consumer or retail bank products. It involved analyzing documents related to recently granted patents and completing a mixed methods survey integrating the Delphi research technique. This method required multiple iterations of a survey presented to expert panelists or industry thought leaders to attempt to gain consensus ("Consensus", 2011) or general agreement by the group (Tersine & Riggs, 1976). With this research method, the goal is to gain an understanding of initial individual perspectives. Through an iterative process, then determine if, as a group, they can move toward a common vision of what is likely to happen after viewing other's perspectives. This research was specific to two innovations for which patents have been granted: facial recognition and digital wallets. Patents can provide insights into potential new developments planned by organizations. In some cases, patents can provide insights into innovation, potential threats, opportunities, or disruptions that could change the way a market operates. The goal of this research was to select two recent patents from many that have been granted, develop theoretical insights, and, through a mixed methods survey integrating the Delphi methodology, identify when or if these patents could have an impact on financial services. This research brought together thought leaders in an anonymous, collaborative approach to assess considerations and provide their perspective on these changes. This study served to help leaders drive innovation in financial services organizations and to understand how others perceive these inn (open full item for complete abstract)

Master of Science, The Ohio State University, 2008, Graduate School

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 2024, Educational Studies

The transition from high school to college is challenging for many students. Moving from a highly structured educational environment to one with significantly less time spent in the classroom and less oversight can be academically detrimental for those who have not yet learned study habits that can support them in this transition. Executive function in the context of higher education looks like keeping track of assignment due dates, breaking projects into smaller chunks over time, planning time to complete work and study, and choosing to do homework or study when more attractive alternatives may be present. To be successful in college, students must learn study habits that support executive functioning. Mobile learning technology has evolved rapidly since the introduction of the smartphone. Students use their phones to communicate, complete work, check the weather, listen to music, scroll through social media, and occasionally make phone calls. Many of them, however, do not use their phones to help them organize or manage time. This empirical study explored the idea that an intervention using mobile learning technology could improve the motivation, concentration, and time management of first-year, traditionally aged, residential undergraduate students at a private liberal arts university in the Midwest of the United States. Using an experimental design and randomized control trials, students who used Google Calendar for six weeks were compared to students who did not. Both groups took the Learning and Study Strategies Inventory (LASSI), 3rd edition, before and after the intervention, and the scores on the motivation, concentration, and time management scales were analyzed. Two-factor, split-plot Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) tests were conducted with each of the three scales, and while concentration increased significantly for both groups, there were no significant differences between the groups over time. It was also hypothesized that the increase in motiva (open full item for complete abstract)

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 2023, Educational Studies

As mobile learning (m-learning) becomes increasingly prevalent in education, it is recognized for its potential to enhance the overall quality of teaching and learning. Despite the many benefits, m-learning apps often experience low retention rates, which directly impede learners' benefit from using them and cause a waste of resources in app design, development, and maintenance. To investigate the critical factors influencing learners' acceptance of m-learning outside the classroom, this study introduced a novel model, the Mobile Learning Acceptance Determination (mLAD) Model, based on the Technology Acceptance Model and the updated DeLone and McLean Information System Success Model. Through the mLAD model, the study identified the critical app quality factors that influence learners' acceptance of m-learning. The moderating effects of the type of m-learning apps on learners' acceptance of m-learning were also revealed. An online questionnaire named the m-Learning Acceptance Questionnaire (mLAQ) was developed and disseminated through Amazon Mechanical Turk. A total of seven hundred forty-seven adult learners in the U.S. participated in the study. The descriptive statistical results of the examined factors revealed that m-learning apps available in the market demonstrate high mobility and content quality. Still, their interactivity and service quality could be improved. Furthermore, the results of the structural equation modeling analysis indicated that learners' two beliefs, perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use, are the two essential determinants of learners' intention to use m-learning apps outside the classroom. Quality factors, such as content quality, interface design, mobility, and service quality, are the antecedents of learners' m-learning acceptance, given that they significantly and directly influence perceived usefulness and ease of use and indirectly impact learners' intention to use m-learning apps through learners' two beliefs. Through (open full item for complete abstract)

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Ohio University, 2022, Industrial and Systems Engineering (Engineering and Technology)

In this study, I aim to solve the problem of locating mobile parcel lockers considering traffic and customer preferred modes of transportation on urban road networks. The considered road network is a real road network of Rockford, Illinois. I used the publicly available real traffic data for a subset of the considered network to estimate the traffic for the entire road network, and then used the estimated traffic data to estimate travel time for the entire road network. Travel time data, customer preferred modes of transportation, and parcel weights were incorporated in the total cost in the objective function. To solve the problem of locating mobile parcel lockers, I used a heuristic clustering algorithm and multi-threaded Dijkstra's algorithm. In addition, I compared the results of the heuristic algorithm to the exact solution of a mathematical model. Next, I compared the performance of the mobile parcel lockers to stationary parcel lockers based on a set of customer-convenience metrics in four scenarios. The results show a promising improvement in customer convenience when mobile parcel lockers are used for last-mile delivery. In addition, the considered scenarios were also compared in different controlled settings, namely, traffic, and density of demand points. Finally, the effect of the number of stops on mobile parcel lockers convenience was studied.

MS, University of Cincinnati, 2019, Education, Criminal Justice, and Human Services: Information Technology

The recent advances in smartphone technology have dramatically changed our life from transportation to health care services. The usage of mobile applications has also substantially increased in justice information field to provide swift and actionable information to end users including public. In the same time the opioid crisis in the United States is declared as national disaster that must be addressed using the most efficient and effective strategies. Citizens, law enforcement and technology can work together in coordinated and collaborative way to achieve solid communities and to have better services. This thesis discusses the beneficial of using mobile technology in different fields and analysis different data sources to identify the patterns of opioid overdose in the city of Cincinnati, also it propose a new smartphone app that unifies the efforts of law enforcement and public citizens in fighting the opioid epidemic.

Master of Science (MS), Wright State University, 2018, Computer Science

Learning English as a secondary language is often an overwhelming challenge for dual language learners (DLLs), whose first language (L1) is not English, especially for children in early education (PreK-3 age group). These early DLLs need to devote a considerable amount of time learning to speak and read the language, in order to gain the language proficiency to function and compete in the classroom. Fear of embarrassment when mispronouncing words in front of others may drive them to remain silent; effectively hampering their participation in the class and overall curricular growth. The process of learning a new language can benefit greatly from the latest computing technologies, such as mobile computing, augmented reality and artificial intelligence. This research focuses on developing a human-AI teaming based mobile learning system for early DLLs. The objective is to provide a supportive and interactive platform for them to develop English reading and pronunciation skills through individual attention and interactive coaching. In this thesis, we present an AR and AI-based mobile learning tool that provides: 1) automatic and accurate intelligibility analysis at various levels: letter, word, phrase and sentences, 2) immediate feedback and multimodal coaching on how to correct pronunciation, and 3) evidence-based dynamic training curriculum tailored for personalized learning patterns and needs, e.g., retention of corrected pronunciation and typical pronunciation errors. The use of visible and interactive virtual expert technology capable of intuitive AR-based interactions will greatly increase a student's acceptance and retention of a virtual coach. In school or at home, it will readily resemble an expert reading specialist to effectively guide and assist a student in practicing reading and speaking by him-/herself independently, which is particularly important for DLL as many of their parents don't speak English fluently and cannot offer the necessary help. Ulti (open full item for complete abstract)

Master of Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, 2018, EECS - Computer Engineering

Computational task offloading is the idea that mobile and embedded systems can realize increased performance by allowing a less resource-constrained remote computing device to handle certain aspects of computation and return the result to the local device. The largest performance gains occur when the portions of the computation that are offloaded are chosen dynamically to account for changing network conditions. This research develops an efficient scheme for dynamically optimizing the offloading of computational tasks that consist of a serial sequence of sub-tasks or stages. We prove that the optimal offloading behavior involves offloading no more than one subsequence of consecutive stages and that the optimal subsequence can be found in polynomial time. The proposed system is demonstrated on an aerial imagery analysis task.

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Wright State University, 2017, Engineering PhD

Employing effective and modern educational systems that support augmented learning methods such as mobile-based learning, may offer a promising solution to lowering dropout rates and to improving learning interests in engineering education. Mobile-based learning is capturing tremendous attention due to the affordances mobile devices can offer. This project outlines efforts to integrate mobile-based educational technology into the classroom. Leveraging the affordances, we designed a mobile augmented education tool for basic math and physics concepts that allows access to information and additional learning content within the context of classroom learning. Results from the study indicate that there is significant improvement in overall performance in mathematics and physics for all students. Based on the form-factor analysis, we found that the students highly preferred 7-inch tablet devices for the overall presentation of the content and portability. This research aims to present the framework and design guidelines for mobile-based augmented learning tools intended to enhance engineering education. The design guidelines presented in this research can universally be applied for any classroom assisting mobile augmented education tool. Structural equation model analysis of the questionnaire based data collected from the students also suggests that the designed model predicts the behavioral intention of the test participants accurately. It also proves the validity and reliability of the collected data. Model development process forms a systematic metric to understand the performance of mobile augmented education tools and develops a framework to assess the students' overall attitude towards it. According to the horizon report, as education practices move from formal to informal and collaborative, mobile devices are playing a major role in the transition process. This research is an attempt to provide students with an ability to leverage their day to day devices to assist (open full item for complete abstract)

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 2016, EDU Policy and Leadership

Mobile technology and online engagement have rapidly increased in access and use and have become embedded aspects of students' daily lives (personal, social, and academic) due to ubiquity and capability for personalized online interactions; and may have a positive or negative effect on students' use across formal and informal learning environments and students' overall academic success. The purpose of this study was to examine and explore the frequency of students' use of mobile technology for academic and non-academic purposes as well as frequency of students' online engagement in non-academic activities across formal and informal learning environments (e.g. while in class, while studying, and during personal leisure time) and their overall relationship to students' self-regulation & metacognitive tendencies and academic achievement/success. In addressing this purpose five groups of research question were developed. To inform my investigation of post-secondary students' mobile technology use, I developed a conceptual framework that connects three fields of study: (a) Educational technology, (b) Educational psychology, and (c) Student engagement in higher education. The conceptual framework was informed by Bandura's (1986) social cognitive theory and triadic reciprocal causality model which was developed focusing on personal, behavioral, and environmental factors that constantly interact and influence one another. This study is among the first to explore connections between these various areas and factors in regards to students' mobile technology use and online engagement across formal and informal learning environments. Participants consisted of 604 students from a large Midwestern university. I developed the Student Mobile Technology Experience (SMTE) Survey. Survey data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, one-, two-, and three-way ANOVAs, and various factorial repeated measures ANOVAs (p < 0.05). Significant correlation (open full item for complete abstract)

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 2015, Anatomy

There continues to be a decrease in contact hours for anatomy sub-discipline instruction to medical students. Along with the change in contact hours, medical schools are transitioning from individual discipline-based courses to integrated curricula. Medical educators have attempted to counteract the decrease in time spent with the students by creating numerous electronic learning (e-learning) and mobile learning (m-learning) resources. The powerful hardware and software within mobile devices like Apple's iPad allows developers to create intuitive, interactive and effective mobile applications (apps). Medical educators to this point have not taken advantage of the mobile technology available to create an integrated anatomy resource to supplement the integrated curricula of current medical schools. The goal of this study is to: 1) Assess the current state of mobile technology usage by medical students; 2) develop a novel integrated anatomy mobile app (i.e., 4natomy); 3) measure the acceptance and usage of the mobile app by medical students; 4) gather feedback to determine the future viability of the mobile resource. The outcomes from a group interview conducted with second year medical students within an integrated curriculum revealed that they use multiple devices while studying and are very comfortable with mobile technology. The students collectively downloaded forty-eight different mobile apps for studying purposes and gross anatomy was the discipline with the most commonly downloaded app. Students prefer anatomy apps with three-dimensional (3D) models, as well as detailed text descriptions and had a high response rate (98.3%) in regards to their interest in using an integrated anatomy app. The 4natomy mobile app of the spinal cord was developed through collaborations with computer science and digital design students to reflect responses from the focus group. The app was distributed during the neurological disorders learning block at The Ohio State Univers (open full item for complete abstract)

Master of Science in Computer Engineering (MSCE), Wright State University, 2011, Computer Engineering

Computing has changed. Lately, a slew of cheap, ubiquitous, connected mobile devices as well as seemingly unlimited, utility style, pay as you go computing resources has become available at the disposal of the common man. The latter commonly called Cloud Computing (or just Cloud) is democratizing computing by making large computing power accessible to people and corporations around the world easily and economically. However, taking full advantage of this computing landscape, especially for the data intensive domains, has been hampered by many factors, the primary one being the complexity in developing applications for the variety of available platforms. This thesis attempts to alleviate many of the issues faced in developing complex Cloud centric applications by using a Domain Specific Language (DSL) based methods. The research is focused in two main areas. One area is hybrid applications with mobile device based front-ends and Cloud based back-ends. The other is data and compute intensive biological experiments, exemplified by applying a DSL to metabolomics data analysis. This research investigates the viability of using a DSL in each domain and provides evidence of successful application.

MARCH, University of Cincinnati, 2008, Design, Architecture, Art and Planning : Architecture (Master of)

By allowing all members of a community to participate in and interact with art, this project will benefit the whole of a region and move its focus to the knowledge gained through the creative process. By evaluating existing art studios, museums, art education methods, and libraries, positive and negative aspects of their user relationships become clearer. The concepts of scale, accessibility, flexibility, and interactivity represent several important factors ignored by older examples. Meanwhile, newer institutions embody the concepts of adaptability, opportunity, and community involvement. Through blending methods of education, exhibition, and resource collection, a better typology will arise to more effectively serve its community. Such a project requires a revised understanding of art, its makers, and contexts. This new paradigm will return art to the public to demonstrate its importance as a process of collaboration and education not a final, isolated product.

MARCH, University of Cincinnati, 2004, Design, Art, Architecture, and Planning: Architecture (Master of)

When you bring together two seemingly dissonant elements, the results usually are not pleasing to the senses. However, by striking a balance between the two and finding a way that both can co-exist in harmony, the outcome can be innovative and even revolutionary. This thesis combines the desire of humans to live near exotic environments with the reality of the fragile ecosystems of the world. A growing segment of the population, the Baby Boomers, is looking for exciting new ways to spend their retirement years. New types of building need to be designed to enable these lifestyle innovations. Inevitably, focus is placed on recreational activities, such as boating, and how to bring the pastime activities into line with changing expectations in comfort and convenience. The problem that arises is how to accommodate these “creature comforts” with limiting factors of the environment, especially in a marine ecosystem. The Wetlands Act along with other important pieces of legislation dictates specific rules regarding the protection of these areas. It is up to human ingenuity to find a solution that considers both conservation of habitat and our desire to be near this majestic scenery. Advancements in materials, alternative energy sources, and marine technology have allowed us to develop ways to bridge human and environmental needs. These innovations enable the creation of a new generation of coastal developments which are environmentally friendly, economically justifiable and very desirable from a market point of view.

Master of Science (MS), Ohio University, 1999, Electrical Engineering & Computer Science (Engineering and Technology)

Design and implementation of the mobile internet protocol on the linux kernel to support internet mobility