MA, University of Cincinnati, 2022, Arts and Sciences: Classics

Vergil's systematic deployment of gremium to show coexisting maternity and sexuality is unparalleled by other extant Classical authors. Through a close reading of four passages from Books 1 and 4 of the Aeneid, I argue that gremium becomes the physical site where Dido's maternal and sexual desire intersect. My argument responds, in particular, to psychoanalytic readings that oversexualize Dido and see her sexuality as corrupting her maternity; Dido's gremium is a seat of intersecting and overlapping desires, which are related but distinct. In order to preface the discussion of the Aeneid, I first present evidence that the lap and gremium are feminine-coded concepts in the ancient sources and highlight the connections to maternity and sexuality. Building upon these broad observations, I demonstrate how Vergil develops a web of semantic associations surrounding gremium to frame Dido and related characters' maternal and sexual identities. Then, I analyze how those identities interact with each other within the network. In order to contextualize Vergil's unique deployment of gremium to speak to female characters' maternal and sexual identities and desires, I turn to Lucretius who similarly uses gremium systematically in an explicitly feminine-coded context, the image of Mother Earth. An analysis of the four instances of gremium in De Rerum Natura calls attention to the overlapping themes in the use of gremium between Lucretius and Vergil, namely its use with Venus and its use to represent maternity and fertility. My intertextual analysis that compares the similar feminine-coded themes in both authors' versions suggests that Lucretius directly influenced Vergil's use of gremium. The comparison to Lucretius results in a widening of the initial network that illuminates the shared associations of gremium in the Vergilian corpus beyond Dido and Venus. This paves the way for a fruitful analysis of gremium in Ovid. Ovid uses gremium with men to subvert gender roles. When he do (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Daniel Markovich Ph.D. (Committee Member); Caitlin Hines Ph.D. (Committee Member) Subjects: Ancient Languages

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Ohio University, 2020, Biological Sciences (Arts and Sciences)

Throughout studies of mammalian feeding, the tongue has not received the attention of other structures, such as the skull, jaw, and the masticatory muscles. However, the tongue is vital to this behavior, aiding in ingestion, transport, processing, and swallowing. The tongue also plays a critical role in drinking in adult mammals, which, like feeding, is critical to survival. This dissertation aims to address some of the gaps in our understanding of both the role of the tongue during these oral behaviors, and how the tongue is able to perform these roles through complex movements and shape deformations. The foundation of this work pairs the existing workflows of X-Ray Reconstruction of Moving Morphology (XROMM) with the implantation of additional soft-tissue markers throughout the body of the tongue. This allows for accurate and precise animated reconstructions of the movements in vivo of the jaw relative to the skull, and the tongue markers relative to both structures, all in calibrated 3D space. These animations contain biologically relevant data because skeletal or tongue marker movements can be registered to coordinate systems based on anatomy. Here, we conduct a series of analyses on tongue and jaw kinematics in 7 mammalian species, with representative carnivorans, marsupials, and artiodactyls to address specific functional and biomechanical hypotheses about chewing and drinking, but that have evolutionary implications for our understanding of form and function. We demonstrated differences in tongue-jaw coordination between chewing and drinking in the pig, suggesting important differences in the central control of these behaviors. We showed there is biomechanical heterogeneity in regional tongue deformations, as suggested by its anatomical heterogeneity, while following the predictions set forth by the muscular hydrostat model. We demonstrated that lapping mechanisms, including the patterns of tongue deformation and tongue-jaw coordination appear to be largely c (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Susan Williams (Advisor); Lawrence Witmer (Committee Member); Johnson Joseph (Committee Member); Ayres Tyler (Committee Member) Subjects: Animals; Biology; Biomechanics

Doctor of Philosophy, University of Akron, 2017, Polymer Engineering

The use of structural adhesives has an increasing demand as a joining technique in the automotive industry due to the possibility of reduction in vehicle weight, fuel consumption and CO2 emission. By using load bearing structural adhesives, high-strength and tough structures can also be incorporated into automotive bodies to create impact resistant automobiles with improved crashworthiness. Consequently, it is important to understand mechanical response of adhesives subjected to crash loading in order to develop mechanical models with predictive capabilities. The focus of our study was to identify physical properties of different toughened structural adhesives and identify/develop an elastic-viscoelastic-plastic model as a function of loading rate by using Ludwik type equations to be able to predict adhesive behavior at higher loading rates and to make cars more crashworthy. We also measured and analyzed the fracture properties of toughened structural adhesives at different fracture modes to unveil their mechanical behavior more precisely as related to their crashworthiness. First, eight different commercial toughened epoxy structural adhesives were characterized to provide detailed information about the constituents of adhesives. The main crystalline inorganic ingredients were found as calcite and calcium oxide for all types of adhesives. The total amount of inorganic fillers was found to be different in each adhesive. Second, material parameters of four model adhesives were determined via tensile test and via Single Lap Joint (SLJ) test in shear. Stress-strain behavior of adhesives presented typical viscoelastic behavior in which linear–elastic behavior was observed first followed by viscoelastic behavior with strain rate sensitivity. The strain rate sensitivity was described by incorporating Ludwik type equations into our modelling process. Multiple elastic limit (yield) stresses and strains indicating bilinear-elastic behavior were identified for all adhesi (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Erol Sancaktar Dr. (Advisor); Xiong Gong Dr. (Committee Chair); Sadhan J. Jana Dr. (Committee Member); Darrell Reneker Dr. (Committee Member); Wieslaw K. Binienda Dr. (Committee Member) Subjects: Polymers

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD), Wright State University, 2016, School of Professional Psychology

According to the World Health Organization and National Institutes of Health, obesity is a global health problem. Worldwide, obesity is the fifth-leading cause of death. Weight loss surgeries such as gastric banding, sleeve gastrectomy, and gastric bypass surgery have become increasingly popular methods to manage intractable obesity in the United States. Such surgeries have inherent risks, both medical and psychosocial, and as a result, candidates for weight loss surgery routinely undergo pre-surgical evaluations to determine their suitability for weight loss procedures. The current study was done in partnership with Kettering Bariatrics in Kettering, Ohio, and is an analysis of the ability of their pre-surgical psychological evaluation to predict post-surgical success. In this study, success was defined as percentage of weight lost. Regression analyses examined the predictive ability of six psychological constructs and four demographic variables on weight loss at three post-surgical time points. Different predictor variables were demonstrated to predict weight loss at different post-surgical intervals. The results of this study were interpreted using Prochaska & DiClemente's Stages of Change as a theoretical framework. The clinical implications for mental health providers working with the weight loss surgery population are discussed, and suggestions for future research are made.

Committee: Julie Williams PsyD, ABPP-RP (Advisor); Jeffery Allen PhD, ABPP-CN (Committee Member); Larry James PhD, ABPP-HP (Committee Member) Subjects: Health; Medicine; Psychology

MS, University of Cincinnati, 2014, Engineering and Applied Science: Civil Engineering

This paper investigates the implementation of damage mechanics into finite element models of fillet-welded structural steel assemblies in order to predict connection fracture at realistic displacements. Utilizing a previously developed IDS (instability, ductile, and shear) material failure envelop for aluminum extrusions, the failure loci of the aluminum material were scaled to meet the point of fracture in welded steel lap splice assemblies, loaded in-plane at various angles, with a fillet weld leg size of 5 mm. The weld electrode under investigation was CSA E480xx, which is equivalent to AWS E70xx electrodes. A linear relationship for damage data scaling factors, as they relate to the loading angle of the fillet weld, was established. Three similar assemblies with fillet leg sizes of 9 mm were modeled employing this damage scaling relationship and deformations at fracture were found to coincide with experimental results and established relationships. This modeling methodology was also investigated for use in a T-stub connection tension scenario.

Committee: James Swanson Ph.D. (Committee Chair); Kenneth Wurzelbacher M.S. (Committee Member); Gian Rassati Ph.D. (Committee Member) Subjects: Civil Engineering

Doctor of Philosophy, University of Toledo, 2014, Mechanical Engineering

The demand for Silicon Carbide ceramics (SiC) has increased significantly in the last decade due to its reliable physical and chemical properties. The silicon carbide is widely used for aerospace segments in addition to many uses in the industry. Sometimes, a single side grinding is preferable than conventional grinding, for it has the ability to produce flat ceramics. However, the manufacturing cost is still high because of the high tool wear and long machining time. Part of the solution is to use electrolytic in process dressing (ELID) to reduce the processing time. The study on ELID single side grinding of ceramics has never been attempted before. The study involves four variables with three levels each. One of the variables, which is the eccentricity, is being investigated for the first time on ceramics. A full factorial design, for both the surface roughness and material removal rate, guides to calculate mathematical models that can predict future results. Three grinding wheel mesh sizes are used. An investigation of the influence of different grain size on the results can then be evaluated. The kinematics of the process was studied based on eccentricity in order to optimize the pattern of the diamond grains. The experiment is performed with the assist of the proposed specialized ELID fluid, TRIM C270E.

Committee: Ioan Marinescu PhD (Advisor); Abdollah Afjeh PhD (Committee Member); Hongyan Zhang PhD (Committee Member); Sarit Bhaduri PhD (Committee Member); Daniel Georgiev PhD (Committee Member) Subjects: Engineering; Mechanical Engineering

MS, University of Cincinnati, 2005, Engineering : Materials Science

Silica-like films were deposited onto aluminum substrates by plasma polymerization of hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) in the presence of oxygen using a capacitively-coupled RF-powered plasma reactor.Two types of films, referred to as low-hydroxyl and high-hydroxyl, were obtained by varying parameters such as the power and the flow rates of oxygen and HMDSO. 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (3-APS) was adsorbed onto the silica-like films from the vapor phase at a substrate temperature of 100 deg C. Results obtained from reflection-absorption infrared (RAIR) spectroscopy showed the presence of a band near 1100 cm-1. This band was not present in the spectra of neat silica-like films and was assigned to a vibrational mode characteristic of Si-O-Si bonds formed between the primer films and the chemisorbed silane. Results obtained from x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed that some of the nitrogen atoms in the adsorbed 3-APS films were protonated, probably by strong hydrogen bonding with silanol groups on the surface of the silica-like films. However, most of the amino groups were not protonated, indicating that adsorption in that case involved condensation of ethoxy groups with surface silanol groups. The reactivity of silanated silica-like films with a typical epoxy compound was investigated. Upon reaction with epoxy, increments in the intensity of the C(1s) peak in the survey spectra and the peak attributed to C-O bonds in the high-resolution C(1s) curve fit were observed, meaning that some of the epoxy reacted with silica-like films that were silanated with (3-APS) in the vapor phase. Lap joints were prepared using a 2-part epoxy adhesive and aluminum substrates that were primed with silica-like films. Joints prepared from substrates that were primed with low-hydroxyl films had an average strength of about 23.4 MPa while those prepared from substrates primed with high-hydroxyl films had an average strength of about 14.3 MPa. Vapor phase silanation of the primer film (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Dr. James Boerio (Advisor) Subjects: Engineering, Materials Science

MARCH, University of Cincinnati, 2003, Design, Architecture, Art, and Planning : Architecture

The threshold between the identities of different neighborhoods can be seen as a lap joint in which information about “the other” is exchanged creating a dynamically charged environment. Groups tend to respond to the tension of this space from two extreme positions. The groups tend to respond to the tension from two extreme positions. The first that the groups are incompatible and should remain separate, an impossible position most like Foucault's Utopian Space. The second that fundamentally we are all the same, a position that undermines the power of BOTH positions.The architecture of this zone should be a lap joint which brings together differing conditions, creating a connection, while maintaining the power and identity of the two individual elements. Architecture in this position can also be seen as a doorway or gate which mediates between two places and also creates an area of crossing between the two.

Committee: David L. Niland (Advisor) Subjects: Architecture

Master of Science, The Ohio State University, 2009, Allied Medicine

In 2006, the American Society of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (ASMBS) reported an estimated 177,600 people in the U.S. had bariatric surgery.1 This is a descriptive study regarding pre- and post-bariatric surgery patients' self-efficacy toward successful adherence to recommendations of bariatric surgery. A questionnaire was completed by a group of bariatric surgery patients to measure self-efficacy pre- (n=20) and post-surgery (n=9). The results indicate weight loss and each domain show a statistical significance with overall success. This indicates that individuals with a higher pre-surgery self-efficacy toward successful adherence to the recommendations of bariatric surgery will experience greater weight loss. More specifically, it demonstrates that they were more confident towards the statements that they could lose weight after surgery, achieve their goal weight and change their diet for life.

Committee: Kay Wolf Dr. (Advisor); Shirley Kindrick Dr. (Committee Member); Jill Clutter Dr. (Committee Member) Subjects: Cognitive Therapy; Health; Health Care; Health Education; Nutrition; Surgery

Master of Science (MS), Ohio University, 1984, Mechanical Engineering (Engineering)

Stress analysis of single LAP adhesive bonded joints

Committee: Kenneth Halliday (Advisor) Subjects: Engineering, Mechanical

Master of Science (MS), Ohio University, 2001, Mechanical Engineering (Engineering)

The increase in automobile based system of transportation around the world has caused a global concern in traffic safety. Each year approximately 45,000 persons are killed in the United States due to automobile accidents and the costs account for more than $72 billion. In order to minimize the loss of life due to automobile accidents, the U.S dept. of transportation instituted a wave of legislative actions that required for the installation and use of restraint systems in automobiles. Data obtained through research and data collected from accident sites have established the fact that restraint systems are effective in minimizing the injuries and fatalities in automobile accidents. The purpose of this research is to validate a new PC based tool for simulating occupant dynamics, obtained by integration of ATB (Occupant modeling software)and LS-DYNA (Explicit finite element software),and also to establish the effectiveness of seat belt restraint systems in reducing injuries and preventing fatalities in automobile accidents. The integrated software was used to simulate the occupant dynamics during frontal and sled tests. The motion information and occupant model were modeled using ATB and the restraint systems were modeled using LS-DYNA and the resulting data deck was provided as input to the coupled code. Five types of restraint systems namely three-point belts, lap/shoulder belts, X belts, H belts and V belts were analyzed for their effectiveness. The body segments chosen for study were lower torso, upper torso and head. From the analysis of the output data it was found that the three-point belt, lap/shoulder belt and H belt were most effective in minimizing the acceleration and displacements of the body segments, under most test conditions. Also from the research data, it was concluded that a combination of lap belt and X belt is effective as well.

Committee: Bhavin Mehta (Advisor) Subjects: Engineering, Mechanical

Doctor of Philosophy, Case Western Reserve University, 2007, Biochemistry

beta-Lapachone, an o-naphthoquinone, is a novel chemotherapeutic and radiosensitizing agent that targets cancer versus normal cells due to endogenous overexpression (5- to 20-fold) of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). A deficiency, or inhibition, of NQO1 renders cells resistant to beta-lapachone. Since NQO1 is inducible in mammalian cells after ionizing or UV radiation, or after tamoxifen treatment, beta-lapachone has great potential for treating specific cancers with elevated/inducible NQO1 levels (e.g. breast, non-small cell lung, pancreas, colon and prostate cancers). Many normal tissues express low levels of NQO1 that may “bioactivate” beta-lapachone and cause unwanted side effects. Also, beta-lapachone is a hydrophobic molecule that may not circulate well when administered systemically. A prodrug form of beta-lapachone that becomes active in a tumor specific manner, and is also more soluble in aqueous solutions may circumvent these problems. We hypothesize that beta-lapachone, or a prodrug form of beta-lapachone, will be efficacious against cancers that overexpress NQO1. Furthermore, we propose that reactive oxygen species (ROS) production due to beta-lapachone bioactivation by NQO1 is necessary, but not sufficient, for cancer cell death. We report the development of mono(arylimino) derivatives of beta-lapachone as potential prodrugs. These derivatives undergo hydrolytic conversion to beta-lapachone at rates dependent on the electron-withdrawing strength of their substituent groups and pH of the diluent. Once converted, beta-lapachone derivatives caused NQO1-dependent, µ-calpain-mediated cell death in cancer cells identical to that caused by beta-lapachone. Interestingly, co-administration of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), an efficient reactive oxygen scavenger, prevented derivative-induced cytotoxicity by direct modification, preventing their conversion to beta-lapachone. NAC did not affect beta-lapachone lethality. The use of b-lapachone mono(arylimino) pr (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: David Boothman (Advisor) Subjects: