Master of Arts (MA), Bowling Green State University, 2018, Popular Culture

The subculture of jam bands is often publicly held to multiple stereotypical expectations. Participants in the subculture are expected to fall into one of two camps, coastal elites or “dirty hippies.” Members of the Northwest Ohio jam scene often do not have the kind of economic privilege that is assumed of them based on the larger jam subculture. Not only do these perceptions create difficulties for audience members of the Northwest Ohio scene, but there are added complications for the musicians in the scene. This research explores the challenges of class and belonging faced by participants in the Northwest Ohio jam scene. More specifically, this thesis focuses on the careful social negotiations scene members and musicians are required to navigate in order to maintain insider status while dealing with the working-class realities of life in the area. In this thesis, I argue that subcultural capital is one of the most significant factors for belonging to the larger subculture, and that its necessity, which requires sufficient economic support, demands more nuanced practices by local scenesters in order to maintain. I dissect the complexities of the concept of “family” in the jam scene, including its meaning for audiences and musicians, as well as how it intersects with class and public perceptions of class in the scene. Finally, I argue that musical forms and practices hold significance in establishing genre authenticity, but I maintain that class is a determining factor in the decisions bands make about whether or not they hold completely true to genre boundaries. This thesis attempts to address the complexities of class and how it functions in small, local rock scenes, specifically in the Northwest Ohio jam scene.

Committee: Jeremy Wallach (Advisor); Esther Clinton (Committee Member) Subjects: Music

Master of Science, The Ohio State University, 2024, Food Science and Technology

Jam was made with different types of pectin, amounts of sucrose, types of sweeteners, levels of pH, amount of peel, and observed at different steps of the jam making process. Grape puree was studied over time to observe enzymatic reactions. High methoxyl pectin was used in jams with 58-78 °Brix, jams with sucrose, allulose, fructose, sorbitol and isomaltulose, jams with pH from 2.7-3.3, jams with and without the presence of peels, a control jam that was studied at each step of jam making. Low methoxyl pectin was used in jams with 25-50 °Brix, and jams with pH from 2.5-5.5. The volatiles were measured with SIFT-MS and analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey's HSD. There were three replicates for each condition. Increasing sucrose amounts decreased the concentration of jam volatiles in both high methoxyl and low methoxyl pectin conditions. The type of sweetener had no effect on the concentration of volatiles. The level of pH, within the range studied, had no effect of the concentration of volatiles. The presence of peel lowered the concentration of volatiles. The enzymatic activity of red table grapes was very low, creating no net increase or decrease in volatile differences. When making jam, dissolving the ingredients decreased the volatile concentrations, heating the jam mixture had no effect on the volatile concentrations, and the gelling of jam decreased the volatile concentrations.

Committee: Sheryl Barringer Dr. (Advisor); Yael Vodovotz Dr. (Committee Member); Luis Rodriguez-Saona Dr. (Committee Member) Subjects: Food Science

Master of Science, The Ohio State University, 2023, Electrical and Computer Engineering

Over the past several decades, vehicle manufacturers have been increasingly adding technological improvements to the vehicles they release to the public. While these advancements are well-intentioned, especially in regards to vehicular safety and security feature upgrades, they have dramatically increased the cyber attack surface for malicious actors. These attackers are taking advantage of software-defined radios to assist in their methods. In this thesis, we aim to improve upon a well-known vehicular replay attack, the roll-jam attack, as well as develop an machine learning-assisted algorithm to allow a target vehicle to detect if it is being jammed. The traditional vehicular roll-jam attack is an effective means to gain access to the target vehicle by jamming and recording key fob inputs from a victim. However, it requires specifc knowledge of the attack surface, and delicate tuning of software-defned radio parameters. We have developed an enhanced version of the roll-jam attack that uses a known noise signal for jamming, in contrast to the additive white Gaussian noise that is typically used in the attack. Using a known noise signal allows for less strict tuning of the software-defned radios used in the attack and allows for digital noise removal of the recorded input to enhance the replay attack. Next, we focus on jamming detection from the perspective of the target vehicle. If the vehicle is able to detect that it is being jammed and takes appropriate countermeasures, then the roll-jam attack and other attacks like it would be thwarted. We have created a jamming detection algorithm that is able to use physical layer data to accomplish detection. Our first algorithm focuses on estimating the approximate distance from a potential attacker using received signal power as the primary metric. Our second method involves collecting empirical data and training a machine learning algorithm to perform the jamming detection.

Committee: Eylem Ekici (Committee Member); Can Koksal (Advisor) Subjects: Electrical Engineering

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 2019, Food Science and Technology

Consumer acceptability, or “liking,” is a complex consumer reaction to food which impacts food-derived enjoyment, purchasing behavior, and satiety, and is thus of interest to the food industry as well as consumers and researchers. While numerous factors impact acceptability, food flavor plays an outsize role in determining if a food is liked or disliked. Traditional methods of analyzing flavor identify individual compounds in isolation and out of context, primarily due to instrumental limitations. These methods have limited capability to understand acceptability, itself more a consumer reaction to the holistic experience provided by food than to individual sensory attributes or impact compounds. Chemical profiling and multivariate modeling of metabolites to find compounds predictive of effects, termed “metabolomics,” has recently been applied to the study of flavor. The resulting technique, termed flavoromics, offers the unprecedented ability to directly tie the underlying chemistry of a food to acceptability and other complex sensory percepts through statistical modeling. Compounds predicted to be important to acceptability can be recombined with the original food system and tasted to determine if they drive liking or are merely correlated, providing crucial confirmation for further application and use of findings. While showing great potential for compound discovery, flavoromics remains an emerging technique. Within this dissertation, flavoromics was used across two studies to understand chemical drivers of liking in fruit spreads. Sugar-free fruit spreads have been observed to universally present atypical flavor defects not seen in traditional products and are less-liked than full-sugar spreads. To understand chemical drivers of positively perceived flavors in traditional spreads, flavoromics was used to find universal differences between sugar-free and traditional jams across eight fruit varieties through class-based modeling to remove the impact of fruit variet (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Devin Peterson PhD (Advisor); Luis Rodriguez-Saona PhD (Committee Member); Christopher Simons PhD (Committee Member); Vicki Wysocki PhD (Committee Member) Subjects: Food Science

Master of Science in Engineering, Youngstown State University, 2017, Department of Civil/Environmental and Chemical Engineering

Bridges are one of the most expensive and vital infrastructures in the transportation system. However, the bridge substructure such as piers, undergoes various kinds of deterioration and damages overtime. Different kinds of repair and rehabilitation practices are needed to protect bridges from future damages. One of such common methods of pier protection is pier encasement. Pier encasement involves enclosing an existing pier with suitable materials such as PVC pipe, to increase its strength. However, the process of pier encasement increases the overall width of the pier, which might result in the rise of headwater elevation at the bridge vicinity. Moreover, this rise in headwater elevation may cause serious problems in areas located in high-risk flood zones. When the bridge and its piers are located within the defined floodway boundaries of a Federal Emergency Management Administration (FEMA) National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) Zone AE, no rise in water surface elevation must be maintained. Therefore, this study was undertaken to find the effects of pier encasement on headwater elevation under varying pier and channel configurations. In order to study the impact of pier encasement, HEC-RAS, was used for hydraulic simulation. The hydraulic simulation was carried out for various channel configurations. The comparison was done for encased and non-encased pier conditions for the varying conditions of channel configurations, such as channel width, slope, and flow volume. The study showed the rise in headwater elevation for the channel with a smaller bottom width (20 ft, 40 ft, 60 ft, and 80 ft). The rise in headwater elevation was further increased for steeper slopes (0.7% and 1.0%) and for higher flow volume. Furthermore, winter ice jam around a bridge structure can cause serious damage to the bridge and has been one of the major problems with bridges in the northern belt of the USA. The bridge piers, which comes in contact with ice, has a significant impact on (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Suresh Sharma PhD (Advisor); Anwarul Islam PhD (Committee Member); Tony Vercellino PhD (Committee Member) Subjects: Civil Engineering; Climate Change; Environmental Engineering; Rehabilitation; Transportation; Water Resource Management

Master of Science in Engineering, Youngstown State University, 2016, Department of Civil/Environmental and Chemical Engineering

The flood warning system can be effectively used to reduce the potential property damages and loss of lives. Therefore, a reliable flood warning system is required for the evacuation of people from probable inundation area in sufficient lead time. Hence, this study was commenced to predict the travel time and generate inundation maps along the Grand River, Ohio for various flood stages. A widely accepted hydraulic tool, Hydraulic Engineering Center River Analysis System (HEC-RAS), was used to perform the hydraulic simulation. HEC-GeoRAS, an ArcGIS extension tool, was used to prepare geospatial data and generate flood inundation maps for various flood stages. A topographic survey was conducted to obtain the accurate elevation of river channels. The hydraulic simulations were carried out using six different elevation datasets and various ranges of Manning's roughness to quantify the uncertainties in travel time and inundation area prediction due to the resolutions of the elevation datasets and Manning's roughness. The study showed that the coarse elevation dataset, which was 30m Digital Elevation Model (DEM) without integration of survey data, provided higher travel time and inundation area. It over predicted (11.03%-15.01%) in travel time and inundation area (32.56%-44.52%) for various return period floods when compared with the results of Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) integrated with survey data. Moreover, Manning's roughness was found to be more sensitive in channel sections than that of floodplains. The decrease in travel time and inundation area was observed with the decrease in Manning's roughness. The highest decrement of 21.38% and 8.97% in travel time and inundation area was observed when roughness value was decreased in channel sections, while the decrement in travel time and inundation area was 3.45% and 1.49% when roughness value was decreased in floodplains. The difference in predicted travel time and inundation area, while using LiDAR integrated wi (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Suresh Sharma PhD (Advisor); Tony Vercellino PhD (Committee Member); Bradley Shellito PhD (Committee Member) Subjects: Civil Engineering; Hydrologic Sciences; Water Resource Management

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 2005, Natural Resources

Large wood jam (LWJ) abundance and structure reflect hierarchical processes. Understanding relationships between LWJ and stream-corridor geomorphology is important for ecological restoration of streams. I identified four geomorphic settings of approximately 1 km channel length in an old-growth landscape of Northern Michigan, based on stream gradient and valley constraint. Redundancy analysis indicated greater similarity of LWJ at reach scales (300 m) within geomorphic study sections than among geomorphic sections. The size of pieces of wood in LWJ, the number of pieces in LWJ, and the volume of loose pieces of large wood (LW) appeared to be greater in stream reaches of old-growth than second-growth forest. LWJ and LW piece size appeared to correspond similarly with environmental factors, but LWJ abundance related inversely with LW abundance. Linear K-function analysis revealed random spatial distribution of LWJ at all scales (from 5 m to several km) within most geomorphic study sections, contrary to predictions. Aggregated patterns occurred, however, in each case when LWJ distribution was considered in contiguous geomorphic sections because LWJ clustered in low or mid-gradient sections. Uniform spacing was also apparent in two of four cases (at scales of 5 m and more than 1 km) when LWJ spanning more than 50% of the channel were evaluated in contiguous geomorphic sections. LWJ abundance, the number of LWJ spanning the entire channel, and the number of smallest LWJ (2-5 pieces) corresponded significantly with geomorphic setting, with most geomorphically-defined variance related to stream width, sinuosity, and the presence of rock-plane bedding. Patchy stream-corridor geomorphology corresponded with patchy LWJ characteristics, supporting stream restoration practices that fit amounts and types of LWJ to stream-corridor setting. The functional effect of LWJ on fish assemblages in geomorphic patches remains, however, equivocal. Variability was high in the abundance of fi (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: P. Goebel (Advisor) Subjects: Biology, Ecology

Master of Arts (MA), Ohio University, 2009, Film Scholarship (Fine Arts)

Between 1935 and 1941, the Jam Handy Organization in Detroit produced a series of 111 general-interest soft-sell advertising shorts for Chevrolet. Looking at a cross section of these films and other selections from Handy's influential oeuvre, which varied in style from newsreels to cartoons to scientific demonstrations, I will analyze how they reflect dominant ideologies of industrial capitalism, how they function formally within discourses of advertising, and how they work to construct spectators as consumers. I contend that through these ephemeral films we may better understand the range of cultures and ideologies struggling for dominance during the Great Depression, as well as gain insights into the meaning of the 1930s with respect to its effects on the 1950s and beyond.

Committee: Ryan D. Derosa PhD (Committee Chair); Judith Grant PhD (Committee Member); Ruth Bradley PhD (Committee Member) Subjects: American Studies; Fine Arts; Gender; History; Labor Relations; Mass Media; Motion Pictures; Womens Studies

Master of Arts (MA), Bowling Green State University, 2013, History

While British food policy during the Second World War was a resounding success, it relied on and reinforced traditional gender roles. An equal shares model for food control provided a sense of national solidarity, but housewives were still represented as inferior to men. This thesis examines women's gender identity as present in BBC radio programmes aimed at housewives, specifically broadcasts that dealt with rationing and cooking. Broadcasts regularly emphasized women's ingenuity and ability to cook nutritious meals using limited food options while also devaluing women's existing knowledge. Men were frequently considered experts whether or not they were authority figures. Also, the association of meat with masculinity and sugar with femininity provided a redefinition of women's identity but failed to challenge traditional gender norms or these gendered connections. Thus, traditional gender roles were maintained even while wartime conditions provided changing opportunities and an increased sense of national unity and equality.

Committee: Douglas Forsyth PhD (Advisor); Beth Griech-Polelle PhD (Committee Member) Subjects: Gender; History