Master of Arts in Psychology, Cleveland State University, 2021, College of Sciences and Health Professions

Mental health clinicians often work with clients who have been through significant trauma, and clinicians face risks of traumatization themselves through exposure to the traumatic stories of clients. This indirect traumatization is known as vicarious trauma (VT), and research has shown this to be related to burnout in mental health workers. Mental health clinicians must find a delicate balance between work and family roles, and the present study aimed to determine how this work interference with family (WIF) can explain the relationship between VT and burnout, and how support from the organization can ameliorate the negative effects of VT on the balance between work and family. Questionnaire responses were anonymously collected and analyzed from 110 mental health professionals working in mental health organizations sampled from several counties around Ohio. Analyses of the responses supported the hypotheses that WIF explains the relationship between VT and burnout, but perceived organizational support (POS) does not moderate the relationship VT and WIF, therefore rejecting those hypotheses. On this basis, it is recommended that mental health organizations educate employees on balancing work and family roles and provide adequate resources such as paid time off to help clinicians avoid burnout. Further research is needed to determine if POS is more effective at preventing VT than addressing it.

Committee: Michael Horvath (Advisor); Kenneth Vail (Committee Member); Elizabeth Goncy (Committee Member); Michael Horvath (Committee Chair) Subjects: Psychology

Master of Arts (MA), Bowling Green State University, 2019, Sociology

Social support is important for successful reentry of incarcerated individuals into society. In the present study, I use data from the Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative (SVORI) to examine the relationship between family contact in prison and post-release family social support and conflict. I focus on possible gender differences in this relationship and control for baseline pre-release levels. Using a social bond perspective, I hypothesize that in-prison family contact in the form of visitation, phone calls, and receiving letters improves post-release family social support and reduces family conflict. Furthermore, I posit that the association between family contact in prison and post-release family social support and conflict will be stronger for women than men. I use OLS regression to analyze these hypotheses and Von Hipple's suggested multiple imputation to handle missing data. I found that in-prison family contact was positively related to family emotional, instrumental, and interactional support and negatively related to family conflict. However, I did not find support for my gendered hypothesis. I discuss future research possibilities and potential policy implications.

Committee: Stephen Demuth PhD (Advisor); Danielle C. Kuhl PhD (Committee Member); Thomas J. Mowen PhD (Committee Member) Subjects: Sociology

Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.), Bowling Green State University, 2018, Psychology/Industrial-Organizational

The goal of this dissertation was to develop and validate a single-response situational judgment test (SJT) that assesses managerial effectiveness in helping employees manage their work and family lives. To accomplish this goal, a two-part study was conducted using multi-source data. In Phase 1, a family-supportive supervision SJT and scoring key were developed from critical incidents and ratings provided by industry managers and trained subject matter experts. In Phase 2, criterion-related validity evidence and job relevance of the manager SJT scores were evaluated based on dyadic data from city government supervisors and subordinates. The test's psychometric viability was also examined by way of internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Results showed that manager SJT scores were significantly related to, and predicted, employee perceptions of family-supportive supervisor behaviors, experienced work-family conflict, and family-supportive organization perceptions but not employee ratings of manager work effort and managerial effectiveness. Interestingly, manager ability to identify effective and ineffective behaviors within this context was differentially related to employee outcomes and may be separate constructs. Evidence was also found that the pattern of relationships between manager SJT scores and employee outcomes varied depending on the gender composition of the supervisor-subordinate dyad among other variables. Implications for research and practice are discussed.

Committee: Michael Zickar Ph.D. (Advisor); Yiwei Chen Ph.D. (Committee Member); Scott Highhouse Ph.D. (Committee Member); Laura Sanchez Ph.D. (Other) Subjects: Management; Occupational Health; Occupational Psychology; Organizational Behavior; Psychology; Social Psychology

PhD, University of Cincinnati, 2024, Arts and Sciences: Psychology

Immigrant Latina survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV) suffer disproportionately negative consequences from IPV and are less likely to seek formal help compared with non-Latinas. Despite these challenges, some sources of resilience for immigrant Latinas are close family ties and expectations of familial support. Family social support may also be one way of facilitating healing or posttraumatic growth (PTG) following an abusive relationship. Existing research into family support for Latina IPV survivors suggests, however, that not all families are supportive of IPV victims and may discourage formal help-seeking. In addition, there is limited research into PTG in IPV survivors in general and even less that includes Latina survivors in meaningful numbers, thus limiting knowledge of how familial support may impact PTG in this particularly vulnerable population. The current study sought to understand how adult family members of immigrant Latina IPV survivors influence survivors' well-being, ability to leave the relationship and/or seek formal help, and their healing or growth post-relationship. Eight immigrant Latina survivors of IPV, ages 31 to 50, participated in individual, semi-structured interviews in Spanish about familial impacts on their well-being, relationship trajectories, help-seeking, and healing. All participants reported severe physical and psychological IPV; three participants additionally reported sexual IPV. Participants chose an adult family member who was aware of the abuse in their relationship while the relationship was ongoing to focus on. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, anonymized, and translated into English in a two-step process. Data were analyzed using reflexive, inductive thematic analysis. Participants reported extensive effects of the abuse on their well-being, describing both physical and psychological injuries. Most sought help from at least one formal source, though this help-seeking was largely self-initiated (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Sarah Whitton Ph.D. (Committee Chair); Farrah Jacquez Ph.D. (Committee Member); Anjali Dutt Ph.D. (Committee Member) Subjects: Clinical Psychology

Ph.D., Antioch University, 2024, Antioch New England: Marriage and Family Therapy

Parentification, or parent-child role reversal, occurs when children and adolescents take on parental responsibilities within the family (Boszormenyi-Nagy & Spark, 1973). This can include caring for younger siblings, attending to their parents' emotional needs, and assisting with tasks such as translation. Parentification disrupts family dynamics as parents transfer significant responsibilities to the child (Martino & Coburn, 2022). Extensive research consistently demonstrates the negative impact of parentification on children, leading to depression, suicidal feelings, shame, guilt, worry, and social isolation (Jurkovic, 1997). It can also contribute to the development of conduct disorders. Unfortunately, these difficulties often go unnoticed. However, when it comes to language brokering, which can be viewed as a similar experience to parentification as indicated by research, it can yield some positive results, such as developing new skills, improving self-esteem, and contributing to family survival (Kam et al., 2017; Martino & Coburn, 2022). Limited research exists on factors that alleviate the impact of parentification in Latine and Hispanic households, and despite its potential harm, parentification is often rationalized by families for various reasons. Familismo, a cultural value emphasizing loyalty and community within the family (Ayon et al., 2010) may play a significant role in the experiences of Latine parentified individuals. Familismo promotes unity, support, and loyalty within the family, resulting in enhanced self-esteem, a strong sense of belonging, and deep respect for the cultural community and family members (Fuligni et al., 1999; Ayon et al., 2010, Montero & Ceballo, 2021; Walker et al., 2022). This quantitative study demonstrates that familismo acts as a moderator in the relationship between parentification and depression. Specifically, this study reveals that higher levels of familismo weaken the link between parentification and depression. This d (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Kevin Lyness Ph.D. (Committee Chair); Denzel Jones Ph.D. (Committee Member); Bryson Greaves Ph.D. (Committee Member) Subjects: Families and Family Life; Hispanic American Studies; Hispanic Americans; Individual and Family Studies; Latin American Studies; Mental Health; Therapy

Ph.D., Antioch University, 2023, Antioch New England: Marriage and Family Therapy

The current study is quantitative research that used a web-based survey from multiple religious denominations in the United States to examine the relationships among perceptions of stress, work-family spillover, marital satisfaction, and family functioning of pastors. Emotional exhaustion, hours worked, personal accomplishment, and social support were analyzed as predictors from the work domain. Two measures of spillover were used to evaluate family stressors and enhancers. The stressors and enhancers were tested as mediators between work domain and personal/family life. Life satisfaction, marital satisfaction and family dysfunction were analyzed as outcome variables. The sample included 83 pastors from a convenience sample including 62 males and 21 females, with backgrounds diverse in culture, education, and denomination. Analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS (Version 26), including Pearson's correlations along with regression analysis using PROCESS macro to test for mediation. It was found that social support does increase family enhancers and work-family positive spillover but contrary to predictions, personal accomplishment appeared to impact family life by increasing emotional exhaustion, stressors, and family dysfunctions. Greater incidents of emotional exhaustion and hours worked were found to reduce the incident of enhancers and work-family positive spillover and increase family stressors and work-family negative spillover. Greater incidents of emotional exhaustion were found to reduce marital satisfaction and increase family dysfunctions. This research has practical and clinical implications for pastors, spouses, and children of pastors, educators, family scientists, therapists, and organizations who employ pastors.

Committee: Kevin Lyness PhD (Committee Chair); Lucille Byno PhD (Committee Member); Janet Robertson PhD (Committee Member) Subjects: Families and Family Life; Individual and Family Studies; Mental Health; Occupational Health; Psychotherapy; Therapy

Doctor of Education , University of Dayton, 2023, Educational Administration

People with developmental disabilities (DD) overwhelmingly rely on family caregivers to provide the support they need at home and in the community, often because of limited funding, long waiting lists for paid services, and more recently a dangerous shortage of paid caregivers. Family caregivers experience physical, social, and psychological demands of the extended caregiving they provide and have poorer health outcomes, negative impacts on their financial well-being, and higher incidence of stress and depression than non-caregivers. Family Supports (FS) programs provide services and other resources designed to help individuals with disabilities remain living in their family homes (Freedman et al., 2000; Heller et. al., 1999). These programs often offer flexible but limited funding for services and are consumer-directed in that individuals with DD and their families can decide which services they want to access, and in which amounts within their funding allowance. Given the significant demands on family caregivers over the lifetime of a person with a developmental disability, FS programs must be considered a viable option to provide at least some support to people who may be waiting for other funding options. In some states, FS programs may not be available or may be underutilized. This study was designed to understand the factors that influence people to utilize (or not utilize) a FS program, and to measure how useful FS program services are to people with DD and their families. Research questions also asked if there were relationships between satisfaction and demographic characteristics or specific need factors of people served. Using both a phenomenological approach and Andersen's behavioral model (1995) as a framework, the study employed an explanatory sequential practical action research model, consisting of a quantitative survey followed by qualitative interviews to expand on the quantitative findings. Participants included family caregivers of individua (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Davin Carr-Chellman (Advisor); Lori Stanfa (Committee Member); Aryn Baxter (Committee Member) Subjects: Families and Family Life; Social Work

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 2023, Sociology

Historically and in the present, immigration looms large in the American consciousness. Today, we find ourselves in a challenging moment, struggling with political polarization alongside key questions about the causes and consequences of immigration. In this contemporary context, I explore the views that Americans hold about immigration, which may in turn impact immigrant integration. I then explore how first, second, and third-generation immigrants experience national and transnational social ties with attention to their health impacts. Broadly speaking, my dissertation seeks to understand how proximity to the immigrant experience is an important marker of group change. Since a large number of Americans are immigrants or have parents, grandparents, or even great-grandparents who are or were immigrants, understanding variability in the ideas or stereotypes that Americans hold with respect to contemporary immigration is crucial to understanding how today's immigrants will be incorporated into the fabric of American life. To that end, I collect and analyze original survey data through the American Population Panel (APP) to first examine variability by generation in how Americans view immigrants in today's climate (Chapter Two). I find that generation is an important predictor of views towards immigration, but generation matters less for how individuals perceive diversity. Next, I use the commentary associated with my original APP survey to understand the thought processes and ideas that respondents invoke when presenting their views of immigration (Chapter Three). I find that oftentimes respondents cannot separate immigration from illegality, with politics, nationalism, and mistrust combining to create archetypes that respondents superimpose on immigrants broadly. Last, I conduct interviews with first, second, and third-generation immigrants in order to characterize the social ties that immigrants hold, how these ties inform their experiences in both the U.S. and in t (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Reanne Frank (Committee Chair); Tasleem Padamsee (Committee Member); Townsand Price-Spratlen (Committee Member); Cindy Colen (Committee Member) Subjects: African Americans; Applied Mathematics; Asian American Studies; Asian Studies; Behavioral Sciences; Behaviorial Sciences; Demographics; Demography; Health; Hispanic American Studies; Hispanic Americans; Mental Health; Political Science; Public Health; Public Policy; Social Research; Social Structure; Sociology

Doctor of Philosophy, Miami University, 2023, Gerontology

Much is known about the latter stages of caregiving. However, less is known about the role acquisition stage. This is when adult children begin to augment previously provided support to meet the activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) needs of their aging parents. Adult children often report intergenerational ambivalence, or concurrent positive and negative sentiments towards their parents, that may be exacerbated when parents need increasing support/care. Evaluations or appraisals about providing support may mediate the links between events and outcomes. Informed by the transactional process models and informal caregiving integrative model, this study used structural equation modeling to assess the relationship between change in parental disability and intergenerational ambivalence through adult children's perceptions of the stress and reward of providing help to parents over time including how racial identity moderates these associations. Participants included 369 adult children (32% Black, 68% White) who provided information on 478 parents from Waves I and II of the Family Exchanges Study. The association between change in parental disability and intergenerational ambivalence was explained through stress appraisals; greater change in parental disability led to higher levels of stress appraisals which led, in turn, to greater intergenerational ambivalence over time. The relationship between changes in stress appraisals and intergenerational ambivalence was slightly stronger for Black, compared to White, adult children. Results show that stress, rather than reward, appraisals are an essential factor in determining relationship quality as parental care needs emerge. This highlights the need for contextually and culturally relevant interventions to promote positive family functioning.

Committee: Jennifer Kinney (Committee Chair) Subjects: African Americans; Aging; Families and Family Life; Gerontology; Health; Individual and Family Studies

Master of Arts (MA), Bowling Green State University, 2022, Psychology/Clinical

Family factors, such as parental monitoring and support, are some of the most well-established predictors of juvenile delinquency (Loeber, 1990). Family support is especially important during adolescence as greater support can help youth desist from delinquent behavior, develop a more positive future orientation, and develop stronger goal-setting skills (e.g., Massey et al., 2008; Vassallo et al., 2016). Not only does goal-setting impact aspects of adolescent development that help youth transition successfully to adulthood, but setting specific goals also impacts concrete behavioral outcomes, and recent research has started investigating this relationship in the criminal justice context (Lee & Vondracek, 2014; Locke & Latham, 1990; Nurmi, 1993). Many arrested youth experience deficits in skills such as goal-setting, and they often have trouble setting more specific goals (Carroll et al., 2013); therefore, it seems reasonable to hypothesize that stronger goal-setting skills may be associated with less antisocial behavior. Because research suggests that youth with more family support tend to engage in less delinquent behavior (e.g., Vassallo et al., 2016), and because greater family support is also associated with stronger goal-setting (e.g., Zhu et al., 2014), one way supportive families can protect against adolescent delinquency may be by helping their children set prosocial goals. Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory (SCT; Bandura, 1986) demonstrates how families can impact both goal-setting and delinquent behavior through processes such as modeling, but there is little to no existing research that examines these variables concurrently with arrested youth. The present study attempted to address this gap by exploring the relationships between family support, goal-setting, and delinquency. Specifically, the current study hypothesized a mediational model in which goal-setting skills would partially mediate the relationship between family support and delinquency. This was (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Carolyn Tompsett Ph.D. (Committee Chair); Eric Dubow Ph.D. (Committee Member); Meagan Docherty Ph.D. (Committee Member) Subjects: Clinical Psychology

Master of Arts (MA), Bowling Green State University, 2022, Sociology

Greater longevity increases the potential share of later life that individuals spend as a parent or grandparent (Margolis 2016; Margolis and Verdery 2019; Wachter 1997). Moreover, increases in marital instability raise the possibility that stepparents and step-grandparents may become an important role for many older adults. Although prior research has demonstrated that step-parenthood and step-grandparenthood are more common among non-Hispanic Black individuals (Yahirun, Park, and Seltzer 2018), we know less about how these roles vary across racial/ethnic groups. Using data from the 2015-2017 Add Health Parent Study (AHPS), this study examines racial/ethnic differences in step- versus biological parent support of adult children and grandchildren. Specifically, the study assesses instrumental support from parents to their adult children who are also parents, and thus offers a measure of indirect support to grandchildren. Additional analyses examine direct grandparent to grandchild support via anticipated childcare availability. Findings from this study suggest that biological parent families provide more instrumental support to adult children with activities such as childcare, errands, transportation, chores, or hands-on care in the past 12 months compared to stepparent families. Moreover, among individuals who did provide instrumental support to their adult child, the hours spent providing support were greater in biological parent families than stepparent families. However, race/ethnicity moderates the relationship between stepfamily structure and hours of instrumental support, such that the step- biological gap is smaller for Hispanic families compared to non-Hispanic White families. Furthermore, the additional analysis found that step-grandparents are less likely to anticipate helping their grandchild “a great deal” in the next 12 months. Findings from this study contribute to the broader literature on family complexity and racial/ethnic differences across kinship (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Jenjira Yahirun Ph.D. (Committee Chair); I-Fen Lin Ph.D. (Committee Member); Kelly Stamper Balistreri Ph.D. (Committee Member) Subjects: Sociology

Doctor of Management, Case Western Reserve University, 2022, Weatherhead School of Management

This mixed-methods study examined what factors drive student success among undergraduate business students and using that knowledge to promote positive academic outcomes for all students. The literature posits that academic engagement is associated with high performance levels (Fredin, Fuchsteiner, & Portz, 2015; Kuh, Kinzie, Buckley, Bridges, & Hayek, 2006; Pace, 1980). However, engagement does not work alone in predicting success. Many other significant factors predict higher engagement levels. According to Karki, Chaudhury, and Patangia (2020), the interplay of external variables alongside individual or psychological aspects of students leading to academic engagement is still not fully understood. This study begins to address this knowledge gap. Using a sequential explanatory design, data were collected in two phases: a qualitative phase followed by a quantitative phase. Phase I consisted of qualitative interviews of twenty-eight participants from a private liberal arts college. The questions explored what factors they felt contributed most to their college success during a first-year accounting sequence. The most significant finding was that all participants reported some form of social support as essential for their success level and necessary for their belief that they could succeed in accounting. A quantitative study was then conducted using a hypothesized model to explore the causal relationships of cohort support and family support on engagement as mediated by self-esteem. The quantitative results were positively correlated between both forms of support and engagement and between competence and engagement. A mediating role for self-esteem was also proven between social support and engagement. The quantitative and qualitative data illustrate variables such as social support and self-esteem predict higher levels of engagement and ultimately positive academic outcomes.

Committee: Kalle Lyytinen Ph.D. (Advisor); Yunmei Wang Ph.D. (Advisor) Subjects: Accounting; Education; Educational Psychology; Educational Theory; Management; Organizational Behavior; Social Research

Master of Arts (MA), Bowling Green State University, 2022, Sociology

Emotional support, particularly support from family and close friends, is essential to mental health outcomes especially for members of the LGBTQ+ community. The COVID-19 pandemic has drawn attention to the important role of emotional support especially for marginalized communities. Although emotional support is recognized as a critical resource, to date no research has examined access to support during the pandemic for gender and sexual diverse populations. I draw on a new population-based data source of 3,642 respondents, the National Couples' Health and Time Use Study (NCHAT), which oversampled sexual and gender diverse populations during the pandemic (September 2020-April 2021). I focus on two sources of emotional support: family members and friends. Respondents who identified as exclusively heterosexual relied more on emotional support from family than respondents who identified as exclusively gay/lesbian, bisexual including pan, omni, and queer, and those reporting another sexual identity or multiple sexual identities. However, respondents who did not identify as heterosexual relied more on emotional support from friends compared to exclusively heterosexual respondents. There were no significant differences among respondents who identity as sexual minorities in regard to family or friend support. This work contributes to understanding of the social climate and resources available to sexual and diverse populations during a major public health crisis.

Committee: Wendy Manning Ph.D. (Advisor); Monica Longmore Ph.D. (Committee Member); Kei Nomaguchi Ph.D. (Committee Member) Subjects: Sociology

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 2020, EDU Teaching and Learning

The public school curriculum is designed primarily for visual learners, thereby causing insurmountable access barriers for students with visual impairments (SVIs) in education. The inherently visual nature of mathematics, in particular, poses multiple challenges to these students because many essential mathematical concepts are abstract, and they are taught primarily from a visual perspective. This puts SVIs at a definite disadvantage because they have to rely on other senses of attaining knowledge compared to their sighted peers who are privileged in perceiving and processing information through vision. Family members and educators are thus required to provide alternative means for these students to access mathematical content. It is important to investigate how educators adapt to serve the needs of SVIs in the field of mathematics, as well as understanding how these students perceive this support and its impact on their ability to learn mathematics. Current literature about the teaching and learning experiences of mathematics within this population is minimal. Hardly any qualitative investigations have been conducted that simultaneously collect and analyze the perceptions and experiences of the key stakeholders in mathematics education, such as SVIs, families, and educators. The overarching aim of this study is to explore the mathematics learning experiences of students with visual impairments. The study documents both the perspectives of their family members and the teaching experiences of educators regarding their mathematics education across general education school settings in the state of Ohio. The study seeks to better understand how family members and educators address SVIs in mathematics education. The study further attempts to gain insight into students' perceptions, beliefs, and views concerning the types of academic and personal support that they may or may not receive from their educators and family members in this field of study. This study is s (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Laurie Katz Ph.D. (Advisor); Emily Rodgers Ph.D. (Committee Member); Theodore Chao Ph.D. (Committee Member) Subjects: Education; Educational Technology; Educational Theory; Families and Family Life; Instructional Design; Mathematics Education; Secondary Education; Special Education; Teacher Education; Teaching

Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.), Bowling Green State University, 2020, Psychology/Clinical

Adolescents living in disadvantaged neighborhood contexts experience higher rates of emotional and behavioral problems. Although social support promotes resilience in youth exposed to neighborhood stressors, few studies have considered both perceived quality and time exposure to support sources when investigating social support effects within neighborhood contexts. Additionally, the literature primarily focuses on the effects of perceived friend and parental support, whereas no studies have examined the role of peer-age relatives, such as siblings or cousins, on youths' behavioral outcomes. This study investigated relationships between perceptions of social support quality, time exposure to sources of support, experiences of neighborhood social processes, and emotional and behavioral health for adolescents recruited from low-income, inner-city neighborhoods. The final sample included 54 adolescents aged 11 to 18 years (43% female) who completed interviews involving detailed time diaries of their routine activities. Time diaries were coded to calculate the percentage of out-of-school wake time that adolescents spent alone and with adult and peer-age relatives and nonfamilial peers. Adolescents also completed self-report questionnaires about their perceived family and friend support, aggressive behaviors, depressive symptoms, and psychological well-being. Bivariate correlations and hierarchical multiple regressions were used to explore relationships among the perceived social support, social exposure, and behavioral health variables. Hierarchical multiple regressions were also used to determine whether neighborhood collective efficacy moderated the effects of perceived social support and social exposure on youths' behavioral outcomes. The overall pattern of findings supported that adolescents who spend more time around adult relatives report fewer depressive symptoms, regardless of their perceptions of the quality of their family support. Alternatively, adolescents (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Carolyn Tompsett Ph.D. (Advisor); Eric Dubow Ph.D. (Committee Member); Dara Musher-Eizenman Ph.D. (Committee Member); Matthew Lavery Ph.D. (Other) Subjects: Behaviorial Sciences; Clinical Psychology; Developmental Psychology; Mental Health; Social Structure

Master of Arts (MA), Bowling Green State University, 2020, Sociology

The Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJDDP) recorded 809,700 arrests of youth in 2017. As a result of the significant number of adolescents in contact with the juvenile justice system, scholars have begun researching the collateral consequences of juvenile justice contact. This paper provides insight into the disruptive effects of juvenile justice contact on family relationships through the lenses of life-course and labeling theory. Using all 11 waves of data from the Pathways to Desistance (PTD) project, longitudinal modeling examined the link between a variety of criminal justice contact experiences and family support. Results showed that while age at first arrest was not a significant predictor of changes in family support over time, repeated arrest experiences were significantly associated with robust decreases in family support. Although other forms of criminal justice contact such as age at first arrest and court experiences did not influence family support, findings suggest that life-course scholars should examine how criminal justice system contact influences a wide-range of additional non-offending outcomes.

Committee: Thomas Mowen Dr. (Advisor); Stephen Demuth Dr. (Committee Member); Danielle Kuhl Dr. (Committee Member) Subjects: Sociology

Master of Arts in Psychology, Cleveland State University, 2019, College of Sciences and Health Professions

This study examined how certain individual characteristics (i.e., core self-evaluations) and domain characteristics (i.e., perceived family support) can impact one's job satisfaction, positive affect, affective organizational commitment, job performance, and intentions to quit/leave the organization (i.e., quality of work life). This study also examined the interactive effects of core self-evaluations and perceived family support on one's quality of work life. The data were collected through a survey posted on Amazon's Mechanical Turk. In total, there were 247 respondents. Findings showed that core self-evaluations were positively related to one's quality of work life and perceived family support was positively related to affective organizational commitment, job performance, and positive affect. Finally, findings showed that core self-evaluations did moderate the relationship between perceived family support and quality of work life, such that the effects of perceived family support were stronger when the core self-evaluation of the individual is high rather than when it is low. The findings of this study can help future researchers improve their knowledge on what can impact one's quality of work life. Moreover, the findings of this study address several gaps in the work-family literature by further examining the positive side of the work-family interface and considering both individual and situational factors that may promote one's quality of work life.

Committee: Michael Horvath (Advisor); Chieh-Chen Bowen (Committee Chair); Kenneth Vail (Committee Chair) Subjects: Behavioral Psychology; Organizational Behavior; Psychology; Social Psychology; Sociology

PHD, Kent State University, 2019, College of Communication and Information

This dissertation examines the communication between China left-behind children and their migrant parents from the three-level perspective of relational maintenance (Dainton, 2003): the self, the system, and the network contexts. Specifically, this study looks at how the left-behind children imagine about the interactions with parents at distance from the perspective of self, what relational maintenance behaviors are used by the migrant parents and the left-behind children as the coping strategies from the perspective of system, and how family support from grandparents facilitates the long-distance parent-child relationship from the perspective of network. The purpose of this study is to not only extend the existing literature on imagined interactions, relational maintenance behaviors, and family support, but also help maintain the long-distance parent-child relationship, and in turn improve their relationship quality. Results suggested that left-behind children who engaged in more IIs which relieved tension and improved self-understanding in relation to parents, and perceived more joyful and task-sharing relational maintenance behaviors from migrant parents had better relationship with their parents, when age, communication frequency, and reunion frequency were controlled for.

Committee: Mei-Chen Lin (Committee Chair); Janet Meyer (Committee Member); Jennifer McCullough (Committee Member); Yin Zhang (Committee Member) Subjects: Communication

Master of Arts (MA), Bowling Green State University, 2019, Sociology

Prior research regarding parents' provision of instrumental support and its relation to criminal activity has found that, when comparing criminal children to their noncriminal siblings, parents are more likely to provide instrumental support to criminal children. The provision of this support is key to ensuring stability and success during emerging adulthood, and this support becomes even more important for individuals who have been exposed to the criminal justice system. This thesis examined the association between parents' provision of instrumental and emotional assistance and adult children's criminal behavior in models that included measures of parents' own prior criminal behavior and reports of disapproval toward adult children. Specifically, three research questions are addressed: Are parents more likely to provide instrumental and emotional support if their children have encountered the criminal justice system, does parent criminal justice contact decrease the likelihood of providing instrumental and emotional support, and does parent disapproval decrease the likelihood of providing both instrumental and emotional support? Using data from the Toledo Adolescent Relationship Study (n = 875), multiple regression analyses were used to assess instrumental support, emotional support, and criminal activity. While societal norms constrain parents and encourage the provision of instrumental support to family members in need, I found that those constraints dissolve in the context of emotional support, where parent disapproval seemed to override pressures to provide support to young adults that have experienced criminal justice contact.

Committee: Monica Longmore Ph.D (Advisor); Peggy Giordano Ph.D (Committee Member); Wendy Manning Ph.D (Committee Member); Raymond Swisher Ph.D (Committee Member) Subjects: Criminology; Social Psychology; Sociology

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 2019, Kinesiology

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect in the world. Although infant mortality is still high among the CHD population, individuals now have about a 90% probability of reaching adulthood. However, comorbidities and mortality rates are of increased prevalence within this population. Physical activity (PA) has been known to help improve health and decrease risks yet, most individuals do not engage in the recommended amount of PA, this is of increased concern within the CHD population. Guided by the Family Systems Theory, the current project seeks to describe the cross-sectional association between youth diagnosed with CHD and their caregivers PA engagement and how youth PA cardiac concerns, and perceived family support for PA, as well as diagnosed cardiac severity are associated with their PA engagement. More specifically, these associations were addressed via three aims: • Aim 1: Examine the association between youth cardiac severity, youth perceived family support for PA both caregivers and youth's PA cardiac concern, and PA engagement. • Aim 2: Examine the predictive relationship of youth's engagement in PA and youth's cardiac severity on caregiver's report of PA cardiac concern for their youth. • Aim 3: Examine the predictive relationship of caregivers PA cardiac concern for their youth and PA engagement on youth perceived family support for PA. The youth-caregiver relationship has been shown to be an important determining factor for youths PA engagement. However, to our knowledge, this relationship has not been assessed within the CHD population. Thus, a cross-sectional research study was conducted to collect data from a sample of youth diagnosed with CHD and their caregiver. A Spearman rank order correlation, ordinal regression and multiple linear regression were conducted to evaluate the research aims. The findings from the current study support the importance of the youth-caregiver relationship when assessing youth (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Keeley Pratt Ph.D. (Advisor); Brian Focht Ph.D. (Advisor); Ann O'Connell Ph.D. (Committee Member); Sue Sutherland Ph.D. (Committee Member); Jamie Jackson Ph.D. (Committee Member) Subjects: Health Sciences