Master of Fine Arts, The Ohio State University, 2024, Design

It can be mind-boggling to understand how one can end up being absorbed in anti-science conspiracy theories, especially those that contradict the core facts of our world that we have known since we were young. These conspiracy theorists, especially flat earthers, are often labeled as “insane” or “crazy” due to their beliefs. This thesis dives into the mindset of anti-science conspiracy theorists and flat earthers to understand the headspace they are in that drives them into these communities. The Minds of Conspiracy is a website designed and developed by synthesizing the research done by psychologists, sociologists, historians, and communication scholars. It is an exploration into providing a holistic and empathetic introduction to the complex topic of conspiracy theory with flat earthers as the case study through the use of visuals and concise language. With individuals who are non-experts in these fields as the target audience, the website is designed to effectively deliver the research findings in an easily digestible format through the principles of information design. Readers can educate themselves about the flat earth community, its impact, methods of disseminating the theory, current and potential interventions, and the importance of collaboration between relevant stakeholders to bring change for our future.

MFA, Kent State University, 2021, College of Communication and Information / School of Visual Communication Design

As society evolves, technology also evolves to meet the wants and needs of changing cultures. Since the turn of the 21st century, social networking has dominated the world of technology and has radically influenced how we communicate as humans. With new technological shifts in social networking comes many advancements on both an individual and societal level. At the same time, however, these shifts present many ethical dilemmas such as the collection of personal data, the exploitation of our psychological vulnerability, or the promotion of addictive habits and behaviors. What are the driving factors that keep us immersed in our virtual lives and what keeps us coming back for more? How do these social networks affect our behaviors? Our ability to be constructive individuals? Our perceptions of ourselves and others? These are some of the considerations this paper investigates. Designers play an important role in the creation and application of technology. Thus, it is imperative for designers to consider how their design decisions affect the sustainable health and well-being of people. Are designers responsible for the design decisions they make? What resources are available to help guide them in making ethical design decisions? The goal of this thesis is to explore the relationships between media, audiences, and society as well as to reevaluate, through data analysis, the effects and implications of ethical design principles and practices to help designers better understand their role when it comes to ethics and technology.

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Ohio University, 2017, Instructional Technology (Education)

In recent years, efforts are being made at all levels of education to prescribe instructional actions that would optimize desired instructional outcomes. Component display theory (CDT), a micro level instructional design theory proposed by Merrill (1983), offers guidelines and prescriptions to present components of instruction to teach facts, concepts, procedures, and principles. In this study, CDT prescriptions were used to design two instructional modules on (copyright and fair use concepts) for undergraduate students at a large public university in the United States. Formative research methods and restricted quantitative methods were employed to explore the instances by using debriefing (semi-structured) interviews, observation, document analysis, and achievement test items as data. Despite the evidence that supports CDT, most of the empirical studies were conducted in the early development of the theory. Based on available literature, there are no empirical studies that have investigated strengths, weaknesses, or possible improvement of CDT using a formative research approach. Hence, the purpose of this study is to evaluate CDT prescriptions by answering the following questions: 1) What are the strengths and challenges of utilizing CDT in computer-based instruction? 2) What improvements or modifications can be made to CDT to increase its relevance to computer-based instruction? And, 3) Are all CDT presentation forms necessary for designing quality computer-based instruction? The findings of the study suggest that the presentational sequence of CDT's primary presentation form (i.e., generality + instance + practice) could engage the learner in concept knowledge acquisition. Learner perception of the content presentation was positive. In general, it was evident that the secondary presentation forms offered substantial support to the learner and it is recommended that they are treated as a requirement instead of an option. However, design priority should (open full item for complete abstract)

Master of Fine Arts, The Ohio State University, 2012, Industrial, Interior Visual Communication Design

This thesis research is constructed around leveraging applied, professional art practices coupled with emerging technologies to expand the educational experience in the Design classroom. By extending the classic theories of teaching Color Theory, rooted from the Bauhaus School, into a digital and interactive space, students are likely to have a better understanding and appreciation for the interaction of color in the digital space. The experimentation of several interactive prototypes could potentially be used as options for enhancing different tasks in digitally manipulating color. A different concept for each prototype allows for a wider evaluation of the effectiveness of each prototype and create a more creative and exploratory experience for the final product. The difficulties that programming presents prohibit the completion of several conceptual prototypes. It would be interesting to examine the effectiveness of contracting the knowledge and abilities of one or two Computer Science students to assist in creating fully functional prototypes to strengthen the results of this research and to have the ability to create a final product for usability analysis and investor presentations. This product will not only teach designers and emerging artists basic color theories in the digital space, but will allow the students to explore various color harmonies and color nomenclature based on the teacher's lesson plan and allow a cognitive approach to manipulating the interaction of color in a digital setting. Several prototypes were designed and developed containing various components centered around color theory. Each platform offers the student different ways to explore the interaction of color, with thorough explanations of color interactions in the digital setting, such as color relationships, perception hue, and saturation and value. Lessons were reinforced by different interactive exercises throughout the system. Secondary research shows that various defined user (open full item for complete abstract)

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 2008, Industrial and Systems Engineering

The literature on design thinking indicates that, in order to avoid early fixation on a less than effective overall form, product designers are trained to sketch the overall form for a design before focusing attention on the details of individual components. Using a between-subjects design, an empirical study involving 30 experienced designers was conducted to investigate how design tools can influence this process, specifically investigating the potential for color to induce early fixation on the details of a design rather than first exploring concepts for an effective overall form of that design. In this study, the participants were randomly assigned to two groups. Both groups performed a design task that involved creating a concept sketch for a lamp by selecting and combining two features from each of the two lamps seen in a reference picture. The participants were asked to assemble several line segments of various sizes and orientations on a computer screen to create the sketch. Group one was provided with the line segments in a single color while Group two had access to the line segments in multiple colors. It was hypothesized that the availability or use of multiple colors for sketching could influence the participants to focus on the details of the individual components before sketching the overall form. Based on the data from the verbal protocols it was found that the participants in the multi-color group were 33% more likely to verbalize the goal of sketching the overall form than those in the multi-color group. Consistent with these verbal protocols, it was observed that the multi-color group made significantly more revisions (p=0.02) on the first component before leaving it for the first time than after revisiting it (as contrasted with the single color group). This suggests that the multi-color group was more likely to focus on the details of the first component before completing a sketch of the overall form. One way of explaining these results is to s (open full item for complete abstract)

PHD, Kent State University, 2018, College of Education, Health and Human Services / School of Foundations, Leadership and Administration

Adjunct instructors teach a significant number of the college courses offered across the country. Many adjuncts have no prior teaching experience, but bring valuable professional and practical knowledge to students, particularly those enrolled in pre-professional degree programs. The studio course format presents unique challenges to new instructors, too. This qualitative study focused the experience of adjunct instructors at the onset of teaching design studio courses. Twelve design professionals at different institutions were interviewed about how they prepared to teach, the training and support provided by the institution, and their perceptions of that support. The data seems to indicate that dissonance pervades the adjunct instructors' experience of teaching design studio courses. They approach their teaching job as they do a design job, and experience dissonance when that does not work. They are motivated to be effective teachers, and have an overarching purpose for teaching that is connected to their experience as students and design professionals. Focused and timely teaching support is inconsistent and rare, but highly valued. When teaching support was missing, participants relied on their memory of being a design student to inform their teaching practice. Design professionals seem to prefer having mentors and a community of practice within their area of instruction for teaching support.

Master of Arts, The Ohio State University, 2016, Communication

More cancer survivors than ever before are living five years or longer past their initial diagnosis. Cancer and its treatment are often not the end of chronic health issues among survivors. The comorbidity of interest in this study is obesity. Cancer survivors often gain weight during treatment, and rarely return to their pre-treatment weight. The purpose of this study to explore how to best frame nutrition messages for cancer survivors, which may help to reduce obesity and ultimately improve the quality of life among survivors. Utilizing the Integrated Model of Behavioral Prediction (IMBP), it was predicted that messages would predict attitudes, norms, and perceived behavioral control, which would in turn predict fruit and vegetable intentions. A mixed methods design was used to test the effectiveness of two message formats, narrative and non-narrative. Messages were pre-tested among (N = 10) cancer survivors using semi-structured interviews. The message pre-test revealed that both narrative and non-narrative formats were equivalent in content. The main study utilized an experimental design whereby (N=211) saw either the experimental (narrative) or control (non-narrative) message on fruit and vegetable consumption. Results indicated no significant differences between condition. Of the determinants of intention in the IMBP, only perceived behavioral control predicted fruit and vegetable intentions at follow-up. Future research in this area should consider tailoring narrative formats, and focus on the multifaceted nature of energy balance.

MARCH, University of Cincinnati, 2009, Design, Architecture, Art and Planning : Architecture (Master of)

Often the most suggestive or theoretical architecture projects exist only onpaper. They are powerful, inspiring and compelling but the architecture is the paper itself. When transferred into built space (if even possible) they are criticized for a deficit between their intended meaning and the realized impact: the buildings are representations. Other projects which are aware of their own construction are chastised by academia for lacking a clear passion for their own existence; they are just things. A powerful architectural idea can be presented in many differing media. These media each have built-in advantages for communication, arguably independent from the ‘content' they are conveying. It is here I see the opportunity to question architectural making. If the compelling existence of an architectural idea is couched in alternate modes of presentation then there is the possibility (and to a great degree the occurrence) of its repute being the result of those qualities - rather than, perhaps, the architecture itself. I wish instead, to investigate and develop an attitude of making architecture on its own terms. Practicality encourages the discovery of architectural thought via means distant from one-to-one architectural exploration; this is clearly reasonable. What I aspire to understand is how design can arise from the coming-toterms with those factors that make architecture real. To do away with the leap from abstract discovery to realistic application by investigating precisely that chasm being leapt across. I see that there are many hurdles every architecture project must overcome in its pursuit of a constructed reality and by discovering these forces for their design implications, I wish to knead the mythology of the suggestive into the reality of making, hoping therefore to create an architecture that is present. I propose to find and assess a derelict property in Covington KY for investigating the thesis, and subsequently creating the space for thesis review. (open full item for complete abstract)

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 2005, Teaching and Learning

Teacher communication is a central topic in mathematics education. In this investigation expert researchers and national Standards document were used to describe mathematics teachers' verbal communication. In summary, it is a medium for students and teachers to create, organize, and negotiate mathematical thoughts. It has students' thoughts and strategies as the context of the message, and when needed, the teacher redirects or redefines context so students' thoughts and strategies are the focus. The goal for the messages is to provide students a chance to engage mathematical thoughts, promoting students' understanding. This description was analyzed using communication theory, namely message design logic theory. This theory informs us that depending upon the design logic employed by an individual, a different verbal message is provided, and heard. Three known message design logics have been identified: expressive, conventional, and rhetorical. They are developmentally ordered from expressive to rhetorical, and the verbal communication being described by experts and Standard documents resembles the rhetorical message design logic, the most advanced construct. This study investigated 1) what design logics secondary mathematics teachers used; 2) if any factors could be identified influencing teachers' message design logic, for example experience, education, student population, and sex; and 3) how message design logics relate to currently promoted communication. Fifteen secondary mathematics teachers participated. They varied in experience, education, student population, and sex. They took part in an interview and verified a member check document. In the interview, participants responded to two hypothetical, yet realistic, classroom situations. After giving a message, it was played back and the reasoning behind the parts of the message were provided. Finally, they were asked open-ended questions. These data, once verified by the participant, were analyzed using the messa (open full item for complete abstract)

Master of Education (MEd), Ohio University, 2003, Secondary Education (Education)

The objective of this study was to determine the status of secondary life science teachers in the State of Ohio as it pertains to the theory of evolution. Data were collected through a survey sent to 300 Ohio secondary life science teachers in May, 2003. The primary focus of this study was on determining the acceptance level of these teachers for the theory of evolution. It was found that the majority accept evolutionary theory. Another component of this study focused on teachers' knowledge level of evolutionary theory, and found that teachers have an adequate understanding. Finally, this study looked at some of the possible relationships that exist to a teacher's acceptance evolutionary theory and found a correlation between a teacher's acceptance to his or her knowledge level. A teacher's acceptance and knowledge levels of evolutionary theory are also correlated with the number of years the teacher has taught.

Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.), Bowling Green State University, 2011, English (Rhetoric and Writing)

This dissertation reports my study of the institutionally situated challenges involved in designing and maintaining Rhetoric and Composition doctoral program websites via two primary research methods. First, I conduct content analyses of nine methodically selected doctoral program websites in order to develop a detailed set of site characteristics. Then I synthesize these characteristics with data collected via interviews with students and faculty from Bowling Green State University regarding their involvement in using, developing, or maintaining the Rhetoric and Composition program's website. My use of these research methods draws upon aspects of grounded theory and qualitative research methodologies as they are represented by Bob Broad in his book on writing assessment entitled What We Really Value: Beyond Rubrics in Teaching and Assessing Writing. Similar to what Broad does in his book in relation to writing program assessment processes, I develop a set of heuristics from my research findings that other disciplinary programs can use to help facilitate their own situated inquiries into the complex institutional dynamics that impact the ways in which they represent their programmatic work and cultures on their websites. I argue that conducting inquiries like this can help programs discover ways to more authentically and powerfully express their programmatic identities within the multiply-influenced digital context of their university websites.

Ph.D., Antioch University, 2012, Leadership and Change

This study used Principal Component Analysis to examine factors that facilitate emergent change in an organization. As organizational life becomes more complex, today's dominant management paradigms no longer suffice. This is particularly true in a health care setting where multiple sources of disease interacting with each other meet with often-competing organizational priorities and accountabilities in a highly complex world. This study identifies new ways of approaching complexity by embracing the capacity of complex systems to find their own form of order and coherence. Based on a review of the literature, interviews with hospital CEOs, and my organization development practice experience in the health care sector, I identified nine constructs of interest: a strategic framework; organizational culture; work structures; CEO and executive team; leadership culture; quality control systems; accountability framework; learning structures; and feedback processes. One hundred and sixty-two senior leaders, managers, and staff at a hospital in Toronto, Canada, who had completed an eight-week leadership program, completed an Emergence Survey© based on the nine constructs of interest. The survey included Likert items representing the nine constructs, as well as opportunities to provide narrative feedback. In the initial analysis of the survey results, the items taken as a whole would not converge on a clear set of components. It was also clear that the mean for most of the items was very high. I theorized that the size of the sample and possibility that they were a favorably biased convenience sample because they had self-selected as leaders may have contributed to the lack of convergence and high mean. I then theorized three clusters of constructs, based on what appeared to be natural affinities. At that point I facilitated two focus groups with people who were among the survey group. Both focus groups affirmed the importance of each of the factors in improving organizationa (open full item for complete abstract)

Doctor of Philosophy, Case Western Reserve University, 0, Management

Social change models based on altruism have proven inadequate to fully address the complete range of basic but unmet societal needs. In recent times, organizations have begun experimenting with profit-generating business models to produce sustained social change; such “hybrid” organizations possess a double bottom line, the goals of generating social and economic value. These organizations range from those which focus largely on economic value creation to others which focus primarily on social value creation; somewhere in the middle there is a more balanced blend of the two. A unique aspect of double-bottom-line organizations (also called social ventures) has to do with their ambidextrous orientation: the imperatives of both social change and marketplace competition are operative. The canvas for social venture research is broad and, for the most part, wide open: little is known through empirical research as to how social ventures come into being and succeed at meeting not only startup challenges but also those resulting from the organization's dual goals. In addition, research is needed to clarify if and how startup social ventures differ from conventional nonprofit and business venture startups. With significant differences in the motivation to create social and business value in order to yield empirically validated results, this research is restricted to just a subset of social ventures, those which are entrepreneurial. This choice is driven by the fact that even in an economic downturn entrepreneurship has the potential to address intractable social issues. A mixed-method research design is built around three interrelated studies which collectively tell us (1) “the What?” (the actions of social entrepreneurs), (2) “the How?” (approaches employed), and, finally, (3) the impact of both the actions and approaches on nascent stage performance, i.e. perceived social and economic value created. The first study, which focuses on 23 startup social ventures, is qu (open full item for complete abstract)

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 2024, Chemistry

Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations are two commonly used computational techniques for the in silico evaluation of receptor-ligand binding and characterization of biomacromolecules. This work presents two independent projects to elucidate the molecular interactions in different prospective protein targets and provide physical insights into structure-based drug design. The focus of the first part is the “interacts-with-Spt6” protein (IWS1), a eukaryotic transcription elongation factor present in the RNAP II polymerase (RNAP II) complexes. IWS1 is gaining increasing attention as recent works revealed its collaborative actions with many formerly identified transcription factors of known regulatory effects and its direct interaction with the catalytic alpha subunit of RNAP II (RPB1). However, having about 70% of residues in human IWS1 being intrinsically disordered, its structure and function are not fully understood. Motivated by the recently discovered connection between IWS1 and liposarcoma (LPS), a cancer that can grow and spread aggressively, we initiated the effort of finding drug molecules targeting IWS1 to suppress transcriptional activities in cancer cells. To begin with, we analyzed the supermolecular arrangement, the protein interactions within the structured core, and the potential interactions with chromatin in the intrinsically disordered region of hIWS1 based on various recent studies of the structures and biological functions of IWS1. We then identified a potential binding pocket on IWS1's interface with Spt6 for a drug molecule to act as a competitive inhibitor that downregulates the transcriptional activity of RNAP II by diminishing the association of IWS1/Spt6. Next, we designed and performed a series of molecular docking calculations. Among the top-ranked compounds from the virtual screening of FDA-approved drugs, Ketotifen and Desloratadine were selected for experimental validation and were shown to reduce the association of IWS (open full item for complete abstract)

Psy. D., Antioch University, 2023, Antioch Seattle: Clinical Psychology

The definition of a word helps us understand its context and how it is meant to be used in daily life or research. When a word lacks a universal definition, it is hard to know how to use it. “Resilience” is that type of word. The resilience community in psychological research does not have a concrete, universal definition for this word. It takes on whatever characteristics are useful to the investigator. This study began with seeking a universal definition for the domain known as resilience. This study used a convergent parallel design with adults aged 60 and older living independently to seek out their personal definitions of resilience, then employed a well validated measure—the Conner-Davidson-25 (CD-RISC-25)—to test this population's resiliency and how they felt the measure addressed to domain of resilience. The findings of the study demonstrated that resilience is a complex and nuanced domain and a broad scope, making it challenging to develop a universal definition.

Doctor of Philosophy, University of Toledo, 2023, Curriculum and Instruction: Educational Technology

Online learning continues be the largest growth sector in higher education (IPEDS, 2019), however, students enrolled in fully online programs are retained at a lower rate than students enrolled in traditional face to face programs. The purpose of this quantitative correlational study is to determine if online students who participate in an online eCampus Orientation are more likely to be enrolled, retained, and succeed academically in their first course than students who elect not to participate in the orientation. The researcher hypothesizes that online students who participate in the eCampus Orientation will have a significantly higher enrollment and retention rate than those who do not. Further, it is expected that online students who participate in the orientation are more likely to have a higher GPA than those that do not. The researcher used one academic year of archival data (Fall 2020-Summer 2021) to compare two groups of students: students who chose to participate in the online orientation and student who chose not to participate. The target population for this study were newly admitted eCampus students at Bowling Green State University, all of which were adult learners with an average age of 30. A chi-square test of independence was used to measure the relationship between participation in the eCampus Orientation and enrollment and retention. A t-test was used to measure the relationship between participation in the eCampus Orientation and academic success as measured by GPA.

Ed.D., Antioch University, 2023, Education

The objective of this dissertation was to explore how the principles of culturally sustaining pedagogy (CSP) can inform the design of a junior high school curriculum to enhance science learning by providing meaningful learning experiences to all students. The transformative paradigm provided a framework used as a lens to emphasize the importance of understanding the social, cultural, and historical context in which individuals and communities are situated. CSP and Backward Design Model were applied to develop a curriculum for a sheltered science literacy elective class for below grade level readers. The purpose of using CSP in the curriculum design was to create a more inclusive and culturally sustaining learning environment that would support students in developing strong science literacy skills. Project–based learning (PBL) was used with CSP to allow for flexibility and creativity in project designs that give students the opportunity to explore and experiment with different ideas and approaches in the learning environment. The California Department of Education's descriptions for effective use of CSP in a classroom was incorporated into the curriculum to be used as an assessment tool measuring the effectiveness of the curriculum. The implications of this curriculum development suggest the effectiveness of CSP on science literacy and its connections enhance student performance in science. This dissertation is available in open access at AURA: Antioch University Repository and Archive, https://aura.antioch.edu/ and OhioLINK ETD Center, https://etd.ohiolink.edu/

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 2023, Public Health

Background. Smoking in Saudi Arabia is on the rise, despite the various steps taken by the government to reduce tobacco use. This suggests an urgent need for healthcare professionals, such as respiratory therapists (RTs), to play a proactive role in initiatives aimed at controlling tobacco use. Guided by literature and health behavior theory, we conducted research among RTs in Saudi Arabia to (1) determine the prevalence and correlates of current tobacco use, (2) examine correlates of intention to provide tobacco cessation counseling, and (3) pilot a tobacco cessation training program tailored for RTs in Saudi Arabia. Methods. We collected online cross-sectional survey data on tobacco use and cessation behaviors and beliefs from a convenience sample of RTs in Saudi Arabia recruited using social media in April to June 2022. Following the completion of the survey, we tailored a training program in tobacco cessation counseling and assessed its effect on knowledge and behaviors through a pilot study with a convenience sample of RTs recruited from hospitals in Saudi Arabia using social media in November 2022 to March 2023. Regression models were fit to the survey data to examine factors associated with tobacco use and intention to provide cessation counseling. To describe changes in beliefs and behaviors following training completion, we used descriptive statistics due to the pilot nature of the study. Results. The final analytic sample was 202 RTs. The majority of respondents were male, married, held a bachelor's degree, and worked in Riyadh. Overall, the highest prevalence of current use was for e-cigarettes (20.8%, SE 5.8%), followed by waterpipe (17.3%, SE 5.6%), and cigarettes (17.0%, SE 5.5%). Current cigarette smoking was associated with female gender (PR 0.13, 95% CI 0.03 – 0.51), current e-cigarette use was associated with female gender (PR = 0.28, 95% CI 0.12 – 0.68) and relative harm of e-cigarette (PR = 0.73, 95% CI 0.58 – 0.93), and current waterpipe s (open full item for complete abstract)

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Ohio University, 2023, Instructional Technology (Education)

This study sought to provide an examination of the instructional design strategies used in an entrepreneurship clinic (EC) and determine their influence on the post-graduation outcomes of its alumni. The conceptual lens for the study comprised Merrill's (2002) first principles of instruction and Lent et al.'s (1994) social cognitive career theory (SCCT). Merrill's first principles provided a standardized set of instructional principles to examine the instructional strategies used within clinic and the SCCT examined the influence of these strategies on building the necessary competencies for participants to pursue entrepreneurship after graduation. The case for this study was the EC organized by the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST). This case is bounded geographically on the KNUST campus in Ghana. This case is situated contextually in the larger issue of graduate unemployment and how entrepreneurship education and training can be used to address it. Data sources for the study were interviews and documents (Patton, 2015). The data was analyzed a priori through the lenses of Merrill's (2002) first principles of instruction and Lent et al.'s (1994) SCCT constructs--self-efficacy beliefs, outcome expectations, and personal goals. Also, the data was analyzed inductively to discover emergent patterns, categories, and themes to arrive at the findings (Patton, 2015). There were three key takeaways from the study. The first is the importance of an entrepreneurship ecosystem to fill the gaps in entrepreneurship knowledge. The second is the temporal nature of entrepreneurship education and the importance of life-long learning. The third is the personality of the participant is important in pursuing entrepreneurship. The study has implication for scholarship in that it extends research by identifying the possibility of building self-efficacy through observation of role-models or mentors. An implication for practice is to provide a (open full item for complete abstract)

Doctor of Philosophy, University of Toledo, 2021, Curriculum and Instruction

The purpose of this multi-participant qualitative case study was to investigate effective teachings practices among highly-regarded second language teachers and how they developed during teacher education programs and in their careers. Furthermore, since COVID-19 has had a remarkable impact in every aspect of living worldwide, including in the field of education, this study also attempted to illustrate how highly-regarded second language teachers adapted to emergent remote teaching. The focal participates were six highly-regarded second language teachers, who were recommended by second language researchers, educators, and professional organization leaders as having outstanding and even innovative teaching practices. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed qualitatively. Activity Theory and Ambitious Teaching guided this study and were utilized as theoretical frameworks. Themes related to the theoretical frameworks and patterns that appeared among these highly-regarded teachers were discussed. In order to cultivate second language learning and create effective second language classes, highly-regarded language teachers nurtured student-centered classrooms, that were enriched with inspiring and encouraging activities, multimodule tools, diverse literature and teaching materials, constructive support systems from teachers, peers, and parents, and inquiry-based instruction. These second language teachers also commonly demonstrated the caring features which were observed as they “went beyond the classroom” to connect with students at both academic and personal levels. In regard to adapting to remote teaching due to the COVID-19 pandemic, participants demonstrated the ability to be adaptive, and they were able to modify their lessons, strengthened with technological tools, and took advantage of students' home learning environments.