Master of Arts (MA), Ohio University, 2023, History (Arts and Sciences)

This thesis explores the chronology of events surrounding the U.S. Arctic Expedition of 1879–1881, also known as the Jeannette Expedition, as well as the expedition's place in public memory. This epic expedition, which tested the limits of human endurance and will for survival, was a story of its time. Its tragic fate captivated the imagination of its contemporaries and was widely covered by the press. However, it is nearly absent in today's collective consciousness of this country and receives little attention from scholars. Often, basic facts concerning the expedition, such as the dates of the events, their duration and sequence, and the number of crew members, vary from one publication or source to another. Relying on primary and secondary materials, the author seeks to verify some of these basic facts and identify the reasons behind the expedition's obscurity in public memory.

Committee: Steven Miner (Advisor) Subjects: American History; American Studies; Climate Change; Ethnic Studies; European History; European Studies; Military History; Military Studies; Minority and Ethnic Groups; Slavic Studies; World History

Master of Arts, The Ohio State University, 1961, Graduate School

Committee: Not Provided (Other) Subjects:

Master of Arts, The Ohio State University, 1960, Graduate School

Committee: Not Provided (Other) Subjects:

Master of Arts, The Ohio State University, 1969, Graduate School

Committee: Not Provided (Other) Subjects:

Master of Arts, The Ohio State University, 1964, Graduate School

Committee: Not Provided (Other) Subjects:

Master of Arts (MA), Ohio University, 2023, History (Arts and Sciences)

This thesis covers three case studies of the colonial nationalist movement in Canada during the early part of the 1920s. These three diplomatic events, the Washington Conference, the Chanak Crisis, and the Halibut Treaty, respectively, represent significant moments of change in the relationship between Britain and the Dominions. The Washington Conference demonstrated that even a Conservative-led Canadian government felt the need to exert a more autonomous voice in imperial foreign policy, especially where the United States was concerned. The Chanak Crisis represented the first time that a Canadian government had outright refused to participate in a possible British war, establishing a new precedent wherein Canada may choose not to go along with British foreign policy. The Halibut Treaty is significant as an example of completely independent foreign policy on the part of the Dominion that carried the weight of a sovereign state. These case studies illustrate the culmination of a years long drift towards Canadian autonomy. Though motivated in part by internal concerns and factors, these developments affected the empire as a whole.

Committee: John Brobst (Advisor) Subjects: Canadian History; Canadian Studies; History

Doctor of Ministry , Ashland University, 2023, Doctor of Ministry Program

This project discovered the knowledge of black laity leaders' understanding of their responsibilities. Thirty-five black laity leaders from St Paul Praise and Worship Center and Elderslie St Andrews completed a five-point Likert scale survey. Key findings revealed that participants had knowledge of how to communicate with the laity of all ages, a clear understanding of the mission of the UMC, and how to delegate responsibilities to other laity for effective and vital ministries. The key findings of the comparative analysis revealed that St Paul leaders were more informed in understanding their responsibilities than Elderslie.

Committee: William Myers PhD. (Advisor) Subjects: African American Studies; Black Studies; Minority and Ethnic Groups

MARCH, University of Cincinnati, 2021, Design, Architecture, Art and Planning: Architecture

The United Nations has bluntly proclaimed that “climate change is a global emergency that goes beyond national borders.” In parts of the world, especially the vulnerable coastal regions and extreme biomes, this statement is a gross understatement as locals are already witnessing their lands and homes transform before their eyes. To residents of other parts of the world, the American Midwest comes to mind, this proclamation may appear exaggerated and ridiculous. To these individuals, the landscape is not significantly changing. Furthermore, if climate change is such an issue, they question, “why isn't more being done?” This thesis attempts to broadly address such a question. Specifically, it investigates both current and future developments, policies, and innovations generated to reduce carbon emissions for the building industry, arguably the worst contributor. Many such developments have made the creation of carbon neutral communities an achievable possibility. Some of these proposed communities and their principles are explored. The culmination of such advancements is put forward to explore ways Cincinnati, Ohio, a surprising leader for sustainability in the Midwest, can become a carbon neutral city by 2050. Attention is paid predominantly to the development over the Fort Washington Way highway caps. As of 2020, the Fort Washington Way area is devoid of many principles of sustainable design, but it has great potential to be developed into a thriving, desirable, carbon neutral community of the future.

Committee: Michael McInturf M.Arch. (Committee Chair); Elizabeth Riorden M.Arch. (Committee Member) Subjects: Architecture

Master of Arts, Miami University, 2021, Geography

The Pacific Golden Chanterelle (Cantharellus formosus) is a widely sought-after mushroom most abundant in the forests of Washington and Oregon, USA. This project used the species to investigate how accurately the species distribution could be modeled using natural history (herbarium) as model training data and citizen science (iNaturalist) as validation data. To combat the potential sampling bias towards population centers an effort variable weighting scheme was used to consider observations in harder to reach areas more than those in easier to access areas. Four models were created and run using the natural history data as training points: Random Forests (RF), Maxent, General Linear Model (GLM), and Artificial Neural Network (ANN); the effort variable was only applied to the ANN and GLM models. Out of these four, RF was found to perform the best with an equitable skill score (ETS) 0.987 when tested against the iNaturalist citizen science validation points. Overall, this project provides a good proof of concept and framework for the use of herbarium and citizen science data for use in biogeographical modeling projects in the future.

Committee: Mary Henry (Advisor); Jessica McCarty (Committee Member); Nicholas Money (Committee Member) Subjects: Geography

Master of Arts (MA), Ohio University, 2021, Geography (Arts and Sciences)

This project explores three memorial “realities” at two memorials in Washington, D.C. - the Vietnam Veterans Memorial and the World War II Memorial. The three realities explored are the planning reality, in-person experiential reality, and the online reality, here expressed by analysing Instagram. Upon uncovering themes present in each of the realities for each memorial, the themes are compared through a space-time progression from planning to in-person experiences to Instagram. In this thesis, the author discusses the transfer of themes between these three realities, which themes are transferred, and which themes are not transferred. The author further describes how themes can manifest differently or disappear entirely as the memorial progresses temporally through the various realities. Ultimately, it is demonstrated that different memorials have varying levels of “success” in transferring the original planning reality intentions and themes through to the in-person experience and, ultimately, to the Instagram reality.

Committee: Timothy Anderson Ph.D. (Advisor); Geoffrey Buckley Ph.D. (Committee Member); Risa Whitson Ph.D. (Committee Member) Subjects: Geography

Master of Arts, Miami University, 2020, History

This thesis is a case study in a Social Gospel approach to nature, human health and environmental politics. Human health and non-human nature were mutually constitutive in Washington Gladden's vision of health. In sermons from 1869 to 1910, Gladden argued that human health was closely connected to the health of societies and cities, for the simple fact that humanity was a part of nature. The local, urban aspects of Gladden's Social Gospel vision of health were an important connective tissue to understand his broader moral and economic arguments. Gladden's distinct notions of social morality and social harmony are best understood at the intersection of religious histories of the Social Gospel, urban environmental histories and public health histories. Gladden emphasized social morality through scientific public health and the conservation movement. His vision of social health was an ideal of social harmony supported by professionals who understood that human beings were capable of ordering God's creation so that humanity could live healthy lives in healthy places around the world.

Committee: Steven Conn (Committee Chair); Amanda McVety (Committee Member); Marguerite Shaffer (Committee Member) Subjects: American History; History; Religious History

MARCH, University of Cincinnati, 2020, Design, Architecture, Art and Planning: Architecture

Racial injustice in America throughout history has created culturally rich thriving neighborhoods like Chinatowns, where people can feel safe and protected during their transitional immigration process. Chinatown, Little Italy, and Little Poland, what do these culturally rich communities all have in common? A new place where locals and tourists are transported through historic cultural sites, architecture, open-air markets, and some of the most sensational food. Fasso means the father of my sisters and brothers or father's land in Bambara. Bambara is an ancient language spoken in Mali, West Africa. Merging the African American and African Immigrant cultures will create a Fasso Town, a re-envisioned modern-day Little Africa that will bring the thriving African communities out of the “Ghetto.” Many African Americans cannot connect back to their African roots due to America's history of slavery. For many decades the world has tried to desegregate schools, cities, and neighborhoods. However, what does owning something that you can never afford mean? A lack of educational and economic growth. All these factors have only created a larger cycle of self-segregation. In some areas, so much so that it has led to gentrification. Instead of fixing a system that has been broken since African American history was born, this project will create a place that embraces this cultural history that has been hidden from society long ago. Imagine a place where people of African descent would be welcomed and encouraged to grow as a community together. This place will require the manipulation of an abandoned lot in the Washington, D.C. area, in a pre-existing historic African American town. I will revitalize these spaces by creating a new typology for the mixed culture of Blacks, African Americans, and African immigrants to share and build businesses representative of this new culture. Thus, redesigning a new dialogue of what it means to have a thriving African American and Africa (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Elizabeth Riorden M.Arch. (Committee Chair); Michael McInturf M.Arch. (Committee Member) Subjects: Architecture

Master of Science, Miami University, 2019, Geology and Environmental Earth Science

Induced seismicity has become a major issue with the increase in both hydraulic fracturing and disposal of leftover wastewater. Regulatory methods such as traffic light systems mitigate the impact of induced events, but do not predict when and where they will occur. Previous methods to identify induced seismicity (e.g. Caffagni et al., 2016; Yoon et al., 2015; Beauce et al. 2017) are effective, but require heavy computational requirements and/or multiple sensors to produce viable results. A computationally efficient Repeating Signal Detector (RSD) was recently developed to identify similar waveforms in continuous seismic data using a single seismometer. Instead of relying on a priori templates, RSD identifies repeating signals of interest (SoI) and then performs agglomerative clustering, resulting in a significantly faster processing time than other approaches. However, as RSD detects any repeating signal, not limited to earthquakes, the current study focuses on distinguishing repetitive seismicity from repetitive noise. In Central-eastern Ohio, the most effective approach has been to apply discriminants to resulting families post-cross-correlational routine, while in Southeastern Ohio, culling the SoI prior to clustering has been most effective. The successful methods for discrimination we constructed were based on signal characteristics such as relative amplitudes and correlation coefficients between components.

Committee: Michael Brudzinski (Advisor); Brian Currie (Committee Member); Carrie Tyler (Committee Member) Subjects: Geological; Geology; Geophysical; Geophysics

PHD, Kent State University, 2019, College of Arts and Sciences / Department of History

The Ohio Company of Virginia is not unknown in colonial American historiography, but it has never received the attention or analysis needed fully to demonstrate its role in British empire building. This dissertation explores papers of the Ohio Company, the journals of its agents, and the records of the Board of Trade and Virginia government to show how the Company negotiated with the Colony of Virginia and the British Crown to shape the process of British empire-building. The Ohio Company of Virginia's actions on both sides of the Atlantic and both sides of the Appalachians built an empire in the Ohio Valley. The actions of the Ohio Company's agents created conflict with the French, Iroquois, and various bands of Ohio Indians, which eventually culminated in the Seven Years' War. To show how the Ohio Company spearheaded British empire-building in the Ohio Valley and sparked a world war, this dissertation follows the Ohio Company's history. The first chapter investigates the political movements Company's members and agents took in Virginia and London to obtain permission and support from the Crown and demonstrates how the Company's petitions influenced the expansionary policies of the Board of Trade, Virginia, and Pennsylvania. Chapter Two explores the mapping expeditions of the Company's agents in the Ohio Valley and shows how the Company activities sparked French interest in the region and informed British cartographers and imperial administrators about the political and physical geography of the Ohio Valley. The third chapter, "Building the Empire," details how the Ohio Company constructed both infrastructure and Native American Alliances, which resulted in the Logstown Conference and subsequent land acquisitions, as well as the understudied Massacre of the Miami at Pickawillany. Chapter Four explores the influence of the Ohio Company in the events typically thought of as the origins of the Seven Years' War. "Negotiating for the Ohio Valley," reveals how the O (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Kim Gruenwald PhD (Advisor); Kevin Adams PhD (Committee Member); Kevin Kern PhD (Committee Member); Richard Feinberg PhD (Committee Member) Subjects: Economic History; European History; History; Native American Studies; Regional Studies

Master of Arts (MA), Bowling Green State University, 2019, History

This thesis studies scholarly memory of the American founders and “Founding Fathers” via inclusion in American dissertations. Using eighty-one semi-randomly and diversely selected founders as case subjects to examine and trace how individual, group, and collective founder interest evolved over time, this thesis uniquely analyzes 20th and 21st Century Revolutionary American scholarship on the founders by dividing it five distinct periods, with the most recent period coinciding with “founders chic.” Using data analysis and topic modeling, this thesis engages three primary historiographic questions: What founders are most prevalent in Revolutionary scholarship? Are social, cultural, and “from below” histories increasing? And if said histories are increasing, are the “New Founders,” individuals only recently considered vital to the era, posited by these histories outnumbering the Top Seven Founders (George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, Benjamin Franklin, and Thomas Paine) in founder scholarship? The thesis concludes that the Top Seven Founders have always dominated founder dissertation scholarship, that social, cultural, and “from below” histories are increasing, and that social categorical and “New Founder” histories are steadily increasing as Top Seven Founder studies are slowly decreasing, trends that may shift the Revolutionary America field away from the Top Seven Founders in future years, but is not yet significantly doing so.

Committee: Andrew Schocket Dr. (Advisor); Ruth Herndon Dr. (Committee Member); Scott Martin Dr. (Committee Member) Subjects: American History; History

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 2018, Comparative Studies

The National Mall in Washington, D.C. has become an essential site of national meaning making through complex processes of design, regulation, and human use. Through a combination of ethnographic, ethnohistoric, and theoretical approaches, my dissertation explores the production of public gatherings on the National Mall. The first part of this project is an ethnographic study of a year on the Mall in 2016. It traces the increasingly routinized current uses of the Mall for purposes of leisure, learning, memorialization, and protest. The second part of this project investigates the use of the Mall as a site of popular protest across the twentieth century. With case histories of the 1932 Bonus March, the 1963 March on Washington, and the 1968 Poor People's Campaign, I offer new frameworks and terminology to describe how vulnerable populations have sought out this space to call attention to their causes. In both sections, I focus on the interaction among infrastructures, logistics, and repertoires: the amenities and facilities available for public use, the organizational strategies and customary knowledge of actors appropriating Mall space, and the performance genres through which publics and institutions create and interpret actions on the Mall. For the scholar of social movements and civic participation, attention to these “backstage” worlds can reveal crucial information about the priorities, capabilities, and constraints of all parties involved, from the vulnerable to the powerful. For citizens at large, understanding the material requirements of gathering in this symbolically potent space offers a key to the broader challenge of creating effective infrastructures to support civic participation and wellbeing.

Committee: Dorothy Noyes Ph.D. (Advisor); Jason Baird Jackson Ph.D. (Committee Member); Katherine Borland Ph.D. (Committee Member); Isaac Weiner Ph.D. (Committee Member); Shilarna Stokes Ph.D. (Committee Member) Subjects: Comparative; Folklore

BA, Kent State University, 2017, College of Arts and Sciences / Department of English

Nadia Montgomery is unapologetic. She tells it like it is and does what she wants, but on the inside she suffers from her emotionally painful past, which she refuses to confront. One day, she decides to drop out of college and run away by herself, a young woman's journey for self-discovery. She winds up in Washington, D.C. looking for fun and adventure, but the trip is not what she expects. Along the way, she is urged to face her true emotions and her unpleasant past. Nadia tells the story of a young woman's journey of running away in the 21st century and the feelings of inadequacy, isolation, and longing for something "more" that so many of her peers experience today.

Committee: Barbara Karman (Advisor); Edward Dauterich (Committee Member); Kimberly Winebrenner (Committee Member); Joy St. James (Committee Member) Subjects: Literature

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 1981, Graduate School

Committee: Not Provided (Other) Subjects: Education

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 1973, Graduate School

Committee: Not Provided (Other) Subjects: Education

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 1970, Graduate School

Committee: Not Provided (Other) Subjects: History