MS, Kent State University, 2019, College of Education, Health and Human Services / School of Health Sciences

Because obesity and sleep are very complex multifactorial, there is a need to look at the variety of variables like BMI, sleep quality, duration, patterns and cultural impact. This study purpose was compared the differences in sleep duration based on total hours of sleep, quality based on PSQI, and sleep patterns based on weekdays/weekends bedtime shift and sleep hours shift; between 994 undergrad and postgrad students of varying BMI statuses (underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese) from both universities KSU and KAU. Students who had any of this condition bariatric surgery, eating disorders, Prader-Willi/ Bardet-Biedl syndromes, underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism), pregnancy, less than 18 years old, sleep less than three hours per night, or/and have BMI less than 18 or more than 33 were excluded. A 2x2x4 factorial ANOVA used to analysis sleep quality, duration and patterns; and chi square used to analysis PSQI components. This study found that short sleep duration (P=0.044), and sleep efficiency (P=0.044) were linked to obesity. Moreover, KAU students had shorter sleep duration (P=0.001) with less quality (P=0.001) and higher bedtime shift (P=0.000) than KSU students. Moreover, stress, anxiety, depression, insomnia, and overthinking were the most common sleep troubles at college students. These findings suggest the need for educating college students about sleep in general (number of hours they need, improve sleep quality, and other related advices); besides, learning how to control theses influences (stress, anxiety, insomnia, depression, and overthinking) to enhance their sleep and their overall well-being and avoid future related health issues.

Master of Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, 2023, Clinical Research

While sleep disorders are implicated in atrial fibrillation (AF), interplay of physiologic alterations and symptoms remains unclear. Sleep-based subtypes can account for this complexity. We hypothesized discrete phenotypes of symptoms and polysomnography-based data on adult patients in the STARLIT Registry (n=43,433) differ in relation to incident AF (8.9%, n=3,596). Clusters, identified using latent class analysis, were used as predictors in multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models. Five clusters were identified: ‘Hypoxic + Sleepy' had 48% increased risk, ‘Apneas + Arousals' 22% increased risk, and ‘Short Sleep + Low %REM' 11% increased risk of incident AF compared to ‘Long Sleep + High %REM', and ‘Hypopneas' did not differ over a 7.6±3.4 year follow-up period. Consistent with prior evidence of hypoxia as an AF driver and cardiac risk of the sleepy phenotype, this constellation of symptoms and physiologic alterations illustrates risk in the clinical setting, providing potential value as a risk prediction tool.

Doctor of Nursing Practice Degree Program in Population Health Leadership DNP, Xavier University, 2018, Nursing

The effects of sleep loss are a population health issue for the 65.7 million family caregivers in the United States (U.S.). Between 60-95% of caregivers report poor sleep quality because of sleep disruption. The purpose of this Doctorate of Nursing Practice (DNP) scholarly project was to evaluate the effectiveness of a combination of interventions, referred to as a sleep bundle, to improve sleep quality for caregivers of children with chronic conditions such as bone marrow transplant (BMT) using the FADE (Focus Analyze Develop Execute Evaluate) quality improvement (QI) methodology. It was hypothesized that the sleep bundle will decrease sleep disruption, and ultimately improve the sleep quality of primary caregivers of BMT patients. Specific aims to test the hypothesis included: (1) Compare sleep efficiency and quality in caregivers with and without the sleep bundle; (2) Identify and mitigate barriers and obstacles to implement the sleep bundle. Although the sleep bundle was followed reliably the nights of sleep bundle intervention phase; the sleep bundle was not found to be statistically significant in improving the sleep efficiency and sleep quality of caregivers of BMT patients. Additional evaluation of the sleep bundle and its impact on improving the sleep efficiency and quality of caregivers is needed with a larger sample size. Possible alteration of specifics interventions combined in the sleep bundle should also be explored.

Master of Arts (MA), Bowling Green State University, 2006, American Culture Studies/English

Why is sleep, a moment that is physiologically full and mentally boundless, thought to be a moment of absence and powerlessness? Where did this devalued notion of sleep come from and how can we situate sleep studies within a continuation of a historical processes and economic infuences? In other words, how does sleep effect and exist within systems of power? To answer these questions I turn to a range of scholarship and theoretical studies to examine the complexities and dynamics at work within the cultural discources on sleep. By creating a genealogy of sleep I am able to track the way notions of sleep have changed and evolved over time. I develope a theoretical framework to examine how the Enlightenment effected notions of sleep by strengthening a cultural disposition for logical, rational and phonomenological modes of knowledge. I find that the advent of modernity is signified by the moment in which sleep, darkness and unkowing become negative while being awake, light and knowledge become positive. To understand how sleep (and sleep studies) operates in contemporary situations I examine them within the economy of time in which clock time is conflated with money. Here I also visit the way sleep functions in relation to work in a neo-Taylorist management era. I offer an account of sleep's connections to passivity in the within patriarchal systems of thought. I determine that the cultural politics of sleep and sleep disorders point to a rift in the Western Self because of a presumed simultaneity of thinking, acting and being. I have engaged in a range of disciplines and use theory, historical studies, textual analysis , and autoethnography as methodologies to outline some of the major cultural discussions that surround sleep.

PHD, Kent State University, 2024, College of Public Health

Background: Infant mortality is a significant problem in the United States (U.S.). In 2018, the infant mortality rate (IMR) was 5.7 deaths per 1,000 live births. Approximately 3,600 infants die annually from Sudden Unexpected Infant Death (SUID) and other sleep-related infant deaths. The infant's sleep environment plays a critical role, as some deaths are linked to unsafe sleep-related practices. Physicians and nurses influence the sleeping practices of parents and caregivers as they provide advice based on the infant safe sleep recommendations of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). To address other health issues, community health workers (CHWs) act as a bridge between the health care providers and their communities and can become advocates for safe sleep. Research on the CHWs' role relative to safe sleep is lacking. Thus, this study aimed to assess CHWs' awareness of AAP recommendations on safe sleep by pursuing the following specific aims: 1) determine the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of CHWs toward safe sleep practices, 2) understand the methods currently used by CHWs to communicate to parents and caregivers about safe sleep practices, and 3) determine the relationship between KAP and sociodemographic characteristics (age, race, education, years of experience) of CHWs. Methods: A cross-sectional study design approach was employed. A 64-item questionnaire was developed based on AAP infant safe-sleep recommendations. Outcome measures included knowledge of infant safe sleep (12 items), attitude (9 items), and practice (14 items). The questionnaire was distributed to CHWs in partnership with the American Public Health Association (APHA) through their national CHW listserv. Descriptive, One-way ANOVA and regression analyses were used for analysis. Results: Overall, respondents had fair to good levels of knowledge (M =10.14, SD =2.19), attitude (M =.642, S.D. = .491), and practices (M =1.11, SD = 1.07) related to infant safe sleep. CHW (open full item for complete abstract)

Bachelor of Arts, Marietta College, 2011, Psychology

This study examines the role of stress, anxiety, and alcohol in disrupted sleep patterns within a college population. The analysis is based upon six questionnaires administered to 64 females and 16 males from the Marietta College campus. Stress, anxiety, and alcohol use were examined in relation to their self-reported sleep disruption. The results show that stress is the largest contributing factor to sleep disruption, anxiety is a moderate predictor of sleep disruption, and alcohol use is a modest predictor of sleep disruption. In order to combat the effects that stress has on sleep habits, it is suggested that college students are provided with knowledge on how to manage stress before experiencing adverse effects on sleep habits.

Specialist in Education (Ed.S.), University of Dayton, 2011, School Psychology

Often sleep is overlooked when school professionals are considering causes of problem behavior during school hours, but research shows sleep has a global effect on functioning. Previous studies have primarily focused on adolescent sleep needs. Therefore more research was needed on how sleep affects elementary aged children. The purpose of this study was to discover whether disturbed sleep, measured by a cutoff score on the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), had a direct effect on behavior during the school day. Behavior problems were going to be measured by office referrals for infractions defined in the school district's discipline code. Not enough office referrals occurred for students whose parents participated in the study to complete data analysis as planned; however, results did indicate that the majority of students with disturbed sleep experienced difficulty with Morning Waking.

Doctor of Philosophy in Health Sciences, Youngstown State University, 2022, Department of Graduate Studies in Health and Rehabilitation Sciences

Introduction Positive airway pressure (PAP) adherence in the patient with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been a problem for many years. This research aims to explore PAP adherence and variables affecting adherence. Positive airway pressure is the primary treatment for OSA and is effective; however, many patients that are diagnosed with this disease do not adhere to the PAP therapy. Methods A retrospective data review of existing patient records was utilized. This method uses the electronic medical records for retrieval of pertinent medical data for available OSA cohort data ascertaining a relationship between the adherence of PAP therapy, the disease specific Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), and the credential level of discharger. Demographic variables of age, gender, ethnicity, and healthcare coverage were compared to PAP compliance. Pertinent data were then compiled with analysis performed by Intellectus statistical analysis software. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to address all research questions. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate existing relationships. Results Analyzed data revealed past PAP failure showed a significant effect on the odds of observing current PAP compliance. The overall model revealed that demographic variables, CCI, and credential level of medical provider were non-significant for PAP adherence. Conclusion The significance of PAP adherence training is epitomized by the sheer economic and societal impact that untreated OSA retains on the population. Patients with known OSA require effective treatment, and as PAP therapy is still considered the first-line gold standard modality for doing so, it is the responsibility of the sleep medicine community to ensure PAP adherence rates improve.

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 2018, Psychology

Comorbid insomnia is experienced by over half of heart failure (HF) patients and is associated with poorer health-related quality of life, elevated depression, daytime fatigue, excessive daytime sleepiness, and diminished functional performance. HF patients also experience deficits across several cognitive domains, including attention, memory, executive functioning, and psychomotor functioning, and these deficits appear to be exacerbated by the presence of insomnia. Initial investigations in HF patients document the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia in reducing insomnia symptoms and daytime fatigue. However, such interventions require substantial time and energy investments. Due to the high symptom burden of HF, there exists a need for interventions that provide similar treatment benefits for insomnia, but with fewer time and physical endurance demands on patients. This study was designed to 1) evaluate the treatment effects of Brief Behavioral Treatment for Insomnia (BBTI) on insomnia among HF patients, 2) examine the relationship between insomnia, cognitive function, and decision-making in HF patients at baseline, and 3) evaluate the effects of BBTI on relevant correlates of insomnia in HF patients, including cognitive functioning, decision-making, distress, self-care, quality of life, and functional status. Twenty-three patients with HF and comorbid insomnia (70% women; 65% white; mean age = 55.7 ± 11.3 years; NYHA Class III = 61%) were recruited from outpatient clinics and cardiac rehabilitation programs at Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and through Research Match. Participants were prescreened for eligibility based on HF diagnosis and current symptoms, with presence of at least mild insomnia. Screening excluded patients with other untreated sleep disorders or psychiatric disorders contraindicated for BBTI. All participants completed two-week sleep diaries followed by baseline assessment and randomization to one of (open full item for complete abstract)

Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.), Xavier University, 2017, Psychology

Female midlife coincides with the menopausal transition, a normative part of reproductive aging marked by menstrual changes and a host of commonly experienced symptoms such as vasomotor symptoms and sleep disturbance. Research on sleep quality during midlife has sought to determine the factors implicated in women's heightened vulnerability to sleep disturbance during this time, including hormonal changes, vasomotor symptoms, health status, lifestyle behaviors, negative affect, socioeconomic status, and race/ethnicity. No research to date has analyzed these factors along with potentially meaningful variables including mindfulness, acceptance, and positive affect. The present study collected surveys from 301 women in online support groups. No differences were found between menopause status groups (i.e., premenopause, perimenopause, and postmenopause) in subjective sleep quality, daytime functioning, or menopause symptom severity. Menopause symptom severity was a significant predictor across all analyses, whereas mindfulness failed to reach significance on any analyses. Menopause symptom acceptance and positive affect were significant predictors of daytime functioning. This study provides initial support for the role of positive affect and acceptance in the daytime functioning of midlife women. Future studies may further explore the role of these variables in daytime functioning within different samples of midlife women and ultimately as treatment targets to improve women's functioning despite ongoing menopausal symptoms.

MS, University of Cincinnati, 2011, Education, Criminal Justice, and Human Services: Health Education

Sleeping 7 to 8 hours on a daily basis is an essential element of optimal health. The purpose of this study was to operationalize the constructs of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TpB) to predict the sleep intentions and behaviors of undergraduate college students attending a Midwestern University. Data were collected from cross-sectional convenience samples over three phases. Phase I encompassed collecting qualitative data (n=11) for instrument item generation. Phase II entailed collecting data (n=37) for reliability testing. Phase III data (n=197) assessed the efficacy of the instrument to predict the sleep intentions and behaviors of the sample. For phase III, a power analysis was conducted to determine a sufficient sample size (α = 0.05, β = 0.80, ρ = 0.20). Instrumentation included readability by Flesch-Kincaid ease and grade level tests, face and content validity by a panel of six experts, reliability by test-retest, construct validation applying confirmatory factor analysis, and internal consistency by Cronbach's alpha. Multiple linear regression modeled the predictors of perceived behavioral control (β =0.457, t=7.882, p < 0.001), subjective norm (β =0.179, t=3.000, p = 0.003), and attitude toward the behavior (β=0.231, t=3.865, p < 0.001) on behavioral intention. Collectively, the significant predictors produced an R2 adjustedvalue of 0.362 (F (3, 196) = 38.133, p < 0.001), suggesting the model accounted for 36.2% of the variance in the behavioral intention to obtain adequate sleep in the sample of participants. Binary logistic regression was employed to model adequate sleep behavior. Behavioral intention (B=0.067, Wald χ 2 (1) = 4.440, p = 0.036) and sleep hygiene (B=0.055, Wald (χ 2 (1) = 10.006, p = 0.002) were found to be significant predictors of sleep behavior; conversely, gender was not significant in the prediction of sleep behavior (B=0.475, Wald χ 2 (1) = 1.670, p = 0.196). Analysis revealed that for each one unit increase in behavioral intention (open full item for complete abstract)

Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.), Bowling Green State University, 2006, Psychology/Experimental

Many typically diurnal songbirds experience dramatic sleep loss during the migratory seasons because of their nocturnal flights. However, nocturnally migrating songbirds continue to function normally with no observable effect of sleep loss on their behavior. To mitigate the effects of sleep loss, nocturnal migrants may engage in daytime sleep, unihemispheric sleep, sleep during migratory flight, or increased quality of what sleep is available. Studying the Swainson's thrush, a long-distance trans-gulf migrant, I investigated how avian migrants might compensate for sleep loss during the migratory season. Daytime behavior, nighttime behavior and forebrain EEG activity was recorded in thrushes when migratory and non-migratory. Behavioral sleeping postures and their EEG/brain correlates were identified throughout the 24 h light-dark cycle. Slow wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep were investigated, and the temporal profile of the two sleep states was analyzed. Brain activity (EEG power) in the delta frequency band (1.5 – 4Hz) was employed as a measure of sleep quality. Interestingly, the most prominent alterations in sleep and sleep-related behavior in nocturnally active migratory thrushes were found during the day. In contrast to their behavior when non-migratory, migratory Swainson's thrushes engaged in numerous episodes of daytime sleep, unilateral eye closure, and an intermediate sleep-like state referred to as drowsiness. The electrophysiological recordings demonstrated that the observed behavior was accompanied by reliable sleep like changes in brain activity. In addition, EEG activity during episodes of unilateral eye closure was frequently accompanied byinterhemispheric asymmetries characteristic of unihemispheric sleep. The relatively brief but frequent daytime sleep states (“micro naps”) may represent an adaptive balance that enables migratory birds to compensate for extended periods of nocturnal sleep loss during the subsequent day without ren (open full item for complete abstract)

Doctor of Philosophy, Miami University, 2024, Educational Leadership

Physical activity, such as muscle-strengthening, and sleep are important health behaviors. Yet many Americans do not meet recommendations for either. Additional research is needed to understand the relationship between muscle-strengthening and sleep. While research has examined the intention behavior gap for sleep behaviors and muscle-strengthening behaviors independently, rarely are they examined together. The Reasoned Action Approach (RAA) is applied more often to physical activity than to muscle-strengthening, and additional research is needed to examine the intention-behavior gap for muscle-strengthening specifically. This study uses The RAA as its theoretical foundation to explore the relationship between muscle-strengthening exercise and sleep in a sample of college aged students. Three hundred fifty-three students participated in this study. A logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the effects of muscle-strengthening intention (independent variable: 3 dimensions, collapsed into a single metric) on the likelihood of meeting muscle-strengthening guidelines (7 muscle groups twice weekly/ binary response variable). As theorized in the RAA, Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC) for muscle-strengthening will be considered as a moderator variable in the analysis. A chi-square was used to compare meeting muscle-strengthening guidelines and meeting sleep recommendations. This study found in model 1 that intentions accounts for 18.7% of the variance of meeting muscle-strengthening guidelines. In model 2, neither gender (p = .470), PBC (p = .687), nor the interaction effect of PBC x intentions (p = .911) were statistically significant. Thus, no moderation effects were observed. Additionally, this study found no significant differences in meeting muscle-strengthening guidelines between people who meet sleep recommendations and people who do not meet sleep recommendations. This research expands the literature on the RAA and muscle-strengthening by examinin (open full item for complete abstract)

DNP, Kent State University, 2024, College of Nursing

Sleep hygiene is a topic that has gained substantial attention in the past few years, especially with the pandemic and the effects that it has had on individuals staying indoors and isolating. Sleep hygiene is practicing behaviors that facilitate sleep and avoiding behaviors that interfere with sleep. This includes both daily routines and a bedroom environment that supports sleep (Suni, 2022). Sleep hygiene is one of the most direct and low risk ways to help patients get better sleep. Individuals can tailor personal sleep hygiene practices to suit their needs (Suni, 2022). The adolescent population is very prone to poor sleep habits, with a high use of screen-based activities at bedtime and other sleep-inhibiting practices (Campbell et al., 2022). In adolescents, poor sleep hygiene is associated with lower grades, physical health problems, and mental health issues. Many adolescents feel that their bedtime routines are heavily influenced by their parent's enforcement and general rules regarding bedtime practices and staying up late (Godsell & White, 2019). There is a consensus in research that adolescents have complex sleep issues, which includes home life, expectations of society (such as social media, peers), and mental health comorbidities (Becker et al., 2019; Campbell et al., 2022). They need sustained guidance from parents and healthcare workers to succeed at adopting change (Hogberg et al., 2020).

Master of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2024, Biomedical Engineering

Sleep waves have been studied for their effects and implications on humans. Studies have focused on different aspects to study the effects of wake and sleep periods, however, have shown conflicting results. We focus our study on the effect of slow sleep waves (< 1 Hz) characteristic of non-REM sleep on synaptic weights in vitro. We induced long-term potentiation using high-frequency stimulation in the CA3 region of the hippocampus and recorded from CA1. Low-frequency spikes were induced in vitro using halved concentrations of magnesium and calcium compared with regular artificial cerebrospinal fluid. With respect to previously induced long-term potentiation, we found a reduction of 23.67 ± 62.97 % in evoked potentials' slope, however, the decrease wasn't statistically significant. We conclude that slow sleep waves are unable to produce a significant effect on synaptic weight, and the effect produced by the solution used could be dependent on the amplitude and frequency of induced spikes.

Master of Science, Miami University, 2020, Kinesiology, Nutrition, and Health

Sleep requirements change over the lifespan and as adults age they are likely to experience changes in sleep quality and duration. As the aging population grows, it is necessary to examine how sleep quality and duration may be associated with disease risk in older adults. Therefore, the PURPOSE of this study was to examine how sleep quality and duration from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) are associated with cardiometabolic disease risk, body composition, and physical activity in overweight, older adults. METHODS: In 38 overweight (BMI 27-40), older adults (Age 58 years or older) sleep quality and duration was self-reported upon enrollment in a 24-week diet and/or aerobic exercise weight loss study. This information was compared to cardiometabolic risk factors (blood and lipid profile), body composition (BMI), and physical activity measured objectively (7-day accelerometry) and subjectively (CHAMPS). Partial correlations were run controlling for sex and body mass. CONCLUSION: Our hypothesis was partially supported by our results as greater levels of objectively measured physical activity were associated with better sleep quality and worse sleep quality was associated with higher HbA1c. No correlations were found between sleep duration and measures of cardiometabolic risk, body composition, or physical activity.

MA, Kent State University, 2020, College of Arts and Sciences / Department of Psychological Sciences

The detrimental effects of sleep deprivation on emotional functioning have been well-established. In particular, insufficient sleep has been linked to both anxiety and depression. At the daily level, total sleep deprivation usually leads to increased anxiety and depressive symptoms the following day. Although partial sleep deprivation has been suggested to have detrimental effects similar to that of total sleep deprivation, relatively few studies have examined the relationships between partial sleep deprivation and next-day symptoms of anxiety and depression in everyday life, which this study sought to characterize. Participants (N = 94) completed daily diary surveys twice per day for two weeks without instructions to alter their sleep in any way. Nights of spontaneous, naturally-occurring partial sleep deprivation were followed by increased levels of self-reported symptoms of anxiety the next day, but were unrelated to next-day symptoms of depression or general distress. The relationship between partial sleep deprivation and next-day anxiety was found to be moderated by both baseline depressive symptoms and anxiety such that individuals reporting higher levels of depression or anxiety at baseline showed relatively greater increases in symptoms of anxiety following partial sleep deprivation. These results suggest that partial sleep deprivation occurring in everyday life can lead to higher levels of next-day anxiety, a relationship that is particularly deleterious for individuals with higher overall levels of anxiety or depressive symptoms.

Master of Science, The Ohio State University, 2019, Allied Medicine

Objective: To explore the differences in dietary patterns by meeting sleep recommendations. Methods: Data from adults 20-60 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data (2005-16) were used to assess dietary patterns and self-reported sleep duration. Adults (n= 20,323) were stratified by hours of sleep: ≥7 (meeting sleep recommendations) and <7 (not meeting recommendations). Dietary intakes were estimated from a 24-hr dietary recall, with collection of self-reported eating occasion and time of day. Mean dietary intakes were calculated from the total daily intake, including late night eating occasions and meal skipping. Snack calories were aggregated to obtain foods consumed at snacks and were used to calculate the percent of energy each food category contributed to total snack calories. Data were weighted to create a nationally representative sample. Results: Those not meeting sleep recommendations were significantly more likely to report breakfast and lunch skipping and late night eating than those meeting sleep recommendations. Intakes of energy, protein, carbohydrate, saturated fat, added sugars, and caffeine from snacks were significantly higher for those not meeting sleep recommendations. The leading contributors to energy from snacks were non-alcoholic beverages, mixed dishes, and sugars. Of participants reporting late night eating, those not meeting sleep recommendations consumed significantly more energy, carbohydrate, protein, added sugar, and caffeine. Conclusion: Sleep is a modifiable risk factor for disease, and changes in dietary patterns may be one explanation for increased risk of chronic disease in those sleeping less.

MS, Kent State University, 2018, College of Education, Health and Human Services / School of Health Sciences

The purpose of this study was to examine if calories and macronutrient intakes were different amongst good and poor sleeping college students. Participants were selected using a convenience sample of undergraduate students enrolled in a nutrition fundamental course during spring 2017. Participants of any age, regardless race and sex, and with realistic and complete dietary intake data were included. Dietary nutrients were measured using 4-day dietary records, that were entered into ESHA Food Processor (version 11.4, 2017). Sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Independent t-test was used to examine calories and macronutrient differences between good and poor sleepers. Calories were significantly higher for good sleepers compared to poor sleepers (p = 0.028). Macronutrients: carbohydrates, fat, and protein, were all found non-significantly different between good and poor sleepers after Bonferroni correction. Conclusion: calorie intake was significantly higher for good sleepers compared to poor sleeper, however, macronutrient intake was not significantly different between groups.

PhD, University of Cincinnati, 2017, Education, Criminal Justice, and Human Services: Educational Studies

The use of LED technology before bedtime reawakens the brain due to the blue light that emulates daylight. This delays sleep onset causing sleep deprivation, which affects academic achievement for college students. To date, no current studies explore how all three variables are influenced by one another. College students (n =151; mean age= 20.35) were recruited to complete a weekly sleep journal to determine the impact that usage of LED technology has on sleep and the resulting influence on academic achievement. Participants also completed existing measurement questionnaires (Epworth Sleepiness Scale [ESS], Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire [MSLQ], & 3x2 Achievement Goal Theory [AGT]) to assess how sleep deprivation influences daytime sleepiness and motivational strategies for mastery learning and achievement goals. Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) was first conducted to test whether parametric and non-parametric statistics were more applicable for the data. Then, partial least squares structure equation modeling software “SmartPLS”, was used to perform path analysis to examine the significance of the stated hypotheses. Most notably, results indicated that students who reported increased usage of LED light technology before bed reported increased time falling asleep and decreased total sleep duration. Increased focus during and outside of class was significantly positively associated with longer sleep duration and lower levels of LED technology usage before bed, but no significance was found between sleep duration and other academic achievement measures (i.e., MSLQ and AGT). Finally, no significance was found between time falling asleep and sleep duration. Collectively, these findings suggest that increased usage of LED technology before bed increases time to fall asleep, and students who reported increased academic achievement (focus) in school also reported a decreased usage of LED technology before bed and increased sleep duration.