Doctor of Musical Arts, The Ohio State University, 2009, Music

The purpose of this study was to identify the changing mission and purpose of the Pittsburgh Flute Club since it began in 1920. The club was placed in its historical context through the inclusion of brief information on music in the United States and in Pittsburgh during each of the four major periods of activity for the club. Research revealed that the club began in 1920 and continued for only a few years. The club began again in 1950 and continued until a waning around 1980. Under the title of the Allegheny Flute Association, the club was rejuvenated in 1986 and returned in 1999 to the original name of the Pittsburgh Flute Club, which it still bears today. This document serves the purpose of preserving the institutional memory of the club, revealing what was important to the club during each of its periods of activity, and providing a framework by which other flute clubs can study their histories. Information for the document was gathered through journal articles, Pittsburgh Flute Club archives, archival material located at the Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, and through interviews of four club members. Investigation of the historical information showed a marked difference in the makeup of the club's membership and the reason for gathering over the course of the club's history. The earlier years of the club were focused on skilled amateur flutists and professional flutists gathering monthly to play informally and to hear recitals that were mostly performed by local flutists, while the recent years, particularly since 1986, were focused more on middle school through college students and their teachers gathering for master classes, recitals, and special events, often featuring internationally known artists. The research revealed the importance of competent club leadership as a primary factor for the club to flourish and busy schedules as the biggest hindrance. The Pittsburgh Flute Club has impacted flutists since 1920 and has been a valuable resource for flutists a (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Katherine Borst Jones (Advisor); Russel Mikkelson (Committee Member); Patricia Flowers (Committee Member); Alan Green (Committee Member) Subjects: Music; Music Education

Master of Landscape Architecture, The Ohio State University, 1989, Graduate School

Committee: Not Provided (Other) Subjects:

MA, Kent State University, 2023, College of Arts and Sciences / Department of History

This thesis argues that, in the changing modern landscape of news work in Progressive Era which challenged the individual autonomy of White, middle-class reporters working for growing news businesses, journalists laid claim to a specific professional identity on the grounds that, through their commitment to clean journalism, they possessed the unique ability and moral obligation to protect their local community from the corruptive influence of sensationalism. Clean journalism, an urban reform movement firmly grounded in progressive ideology, united American journalists through a common set of specific ethical standards while remaining flexible enough to give reporters the ethical leeway to apply clean principles to the specific local problems they faced in their own cities. Therefore, this thesis uses a particular city, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, as a case study to examine the local contours professional discourse of journalism, as White, middle-class journalists attempted to negotiate the tension between their ethical duty to protect the public from sensationalism and their position as reporters answering to Pittsburgh's rich and powerful, a position which, while inherently compromising, granted them the very platform through which they could make meaningful change in their city and nation.

Committee: Elaine Frantz (Advisor); Elizabeth Smith-Pryor (Committee Member); Kenneth Bindas (Committee Member) Subjects: History; Journalism

Master of Science (MS), Bowling Green State University, 1954, Human Movement, Sport and Leisure Studies

Committee: J. Russell Coffey (Advisor) Subjects: Education

Master of Science (MS), Bowling Green State University, 1954, Human Movement, Sport and Leisure Studies

Committee: J. Russell Coffey (Advisor) Subjects: Education

Master of Fine Arts (MFA), Bowling Green State University, 2022, Creative Writing/Poetry

Cascade is a manuscript of poems focusing on origins, departures, breakage, and water. A cascade is a small waterfall, typically one of several, that breaks and splits in stages over a rocky slope. It also denotes knowledge successively being passed on. It is the intention of this manuscript to mimic the nature of a cascade through the various splits present in the poems. Whether it is the speaker breaking from homes during their travels across the United States and abroad as they attempt to carry their past with them, the speaker's body breaking in a car accident, the speaker splitting with love, or the speaker trying to reconcile with the nature of how to preserve their Irish heritage. As is the nature of a waterfall, the manuscript continues carrying these themes along the speakers journey until, at the end, they eventually rejoin to become whole.

Committee: Larissa Szporluk MFA (Committee Chair); F. Dan Rzicznek MFA (Committee Member); Abigail Cloud MFA (Committee Member) Subjects: Surgery; Water Resource Management; Wood Sciences

Bachelor of Science, Marietta College, 0, Petroleum Engineering and Geology

Located at the confluence of the Allegheny, Monongahela, and Ohio Rivers, Pittsburgh grew from a small colonial town to an American industrial giant over a span of a little more than one hundred years. Today, although no longer an industrial hub, Pittsburgh is still reliant on the remnants of the city's growth and its adaptation to geography. This project is an interdisciplinary study, combining geological and historical research, aimed to investigate the social implications of geology, geomorphology, and geography in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The city was initially divided by the three rivers in three distinct towns, Pittsburgh, Allegheny City to the north, and Birmingham to the south. Although divided, their growing industries and economies were intertwined, encouraging human adaptation through significant infrastructural developments such as bridges, inclines, and tunnels. Furthermore, the rivers, although divisive, also became an essential piece that connected Pittsburgh to the rest of the country. Rivers were used for transportation of goods by boat since Pittsburgh's founding, and the invention of the steam engine and establishment of railroads loaded the river banks and floodplains with tracks and stations throughout the city. Pittsburgh's identity lies in its bridges, inclines, and tunnels: infrastructural proof of the people's adaption to the divisive geography.

Committee: Wendy Bartlett MS (Advisor); McDaniel Katy PhD (Committee Member); Johnson Grace MA (Committee Member) Subjects: Geography; Geology; History

BA, Oberlin College, 2020, History

This Honors Thesis in History explores U.S. race relations and racial politics through the lens of a coal mining strike that took place during the late 1920s, in the Pittsburgh area.

Committee: Renee Christine Romano (Advisor); Tamika Nunley (Committee Co-Chair); Ellen Wurtzel (Committee Co-Chair) Subjects: African American Studies; African Americans; American History; Black History; Ethnic Studies; Gender Studies; History; Labor Relations; Management; Mining

Master of Arts, Miami University, 2019, Geography

As many postindustrial cities shift to service and information economies, former manufacturing legacies still persist. In a city like Pittsburgh, PA amidst the developing tech industries, small scale manufacturers and increasingly craft workers adapt traditions of steel production. Regarding a craft revival, cultural geographers have studied the ways local producers add place representations to their goods and interact to form community bonds. Meanwhile, economic geographers, studying clusters and their path dependencies, explain local craft production can derive as a specialized sector from a larger industrial formation. To better understand craft production as both cultural and economic process, this study questioned how craft can contribute to place making and simultaneously be embedded in a local economy. This project thus asked: how do craft producers collaborate to produce neolocal economies in former industrial Pittsburgh? In order to understand how Pittsburgh metal workers went beyond just a craft and strengthened a larger economic network rooted in place, I studied twenty businesses related to metalworking and craft in Pittsburgh by conducting semi-structured interviews, touring workshops, and administering mapping exercises. The research reveals craft businesses developed ties to place in their branding and methods, but were also deeply embedded in the local industrial network.

Committee: David Prytherch (Advisor) Subjects: Geography

Doctor of Philosophy, Case Western Reserve University, 2018, History

In cities across the United States there has been an epidemic of new stadium and arena construction since the 1990s. The vast majority of these new structures were built with a share of public funding, despite the fact that a majority of team owners are independently wealthy. However, this was not always the case when it came to stadiums. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, the vast majority of new stadiums were built with private funding. After World War II there was a shift toward municipally funded structures that were connected to urban renewal programs. This dissertation looks at that post-war period of stadium construction, and the impact of these municipal stadiums on urban communities. The urban landscape began to change in the post-World War II United States, as large numbers of white residents fled to the suburbs. At the same time, African American residents often remained trapped in deteriorating urban neighborhoods thanks to numerous restrictive housing covenants. Urban renewal plans often targeted these areas, as city officials labeled them “blighted” and discussed the need for “slum removal.” In a number of cities, these plans called for the construction of sports stadiums in these “blighted” urban neighborhoods. Sports teams were viewed as an important component of civic pride, and officials believed that sports and the new stadiums were important to the civic identity of their communities. New stadiums and arenas in three different cities are the focus of this study – Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Los Angeles, California; and Atlanta, Georgia. In Pittsburgh, a post-war urban renewal program dubbed the “Renaissance” targeted an African American neighborhood and included the construction of an arena, and a multi-purpose stadium. A publicly-funded stadium in Atlanta also destroyed an African American neighborhood, while a stadium constructed with a combination of public and private funds displaced the residents of a Mexica (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: John Grabowski (Committee Chair); Rhonda Williams (Committee Member); John Flores (Committee Member); Timothy Black (Committee Member) Subjects: History

BA, Oberlin College, 2013, Art

The first part will explain the concept of community in the context of postindustrial theory. I will analyze the narrative of postindustrialism to argue that this concept of community constitutes not a reaction to a unique set of historical circumstances but rather a strategical shift in capitalist development. In the second part, I will describe how the perceived failure of architectural modemism inspired the theorization of the city as a phenomenological entity. I will describe how this conception of the city inspired efforts to systematize urban diversity through the development of a visual linguistics. The urban planning movement known as New Urbanism, I will argue, developed a successful systematization of diversity through an appeal to communitarian sentiment. The final part will discuss how the economic elite of Pittsburgh utilized postindustrial ideology to enact long-desired changes in the region's socioeconomic structure. Through an examination of commercial development and urban renewal in the late twentieth century, I will argue that New Urbanism provided a means of realizing the predictions of postindustrial theory and thus the directives of local economic interests. I aim to dispel the misconception that Pittsburgh and other industrial centers became postindustrial purely through economic inevitability or "natural" social development; my analysis will illustrate how the economic elite of these cities initiated this transition through an ideological and architectural campaign centered around the postindustrial concept of community.

Committee: (Advisor) Subjects: Economics; Sociology; Urban Planning

Master of City and Regional Planning, The Ohio State University, 2016, City and Regional Planning

The purpose of this study is to explore emerging research and planning concepts in conjunction with practical case studies to yield specific insights into promoting transit-oriented development (TOD). As it relates to TOD, this thesis focuses on public sector strategies, including public-private partnerships. Each of the case study cities exhibit unique contexts, including varying degrees of market strength, existing transit ridership, and funding capacity. The TOD solutions that these case study cities implement, the focus of this thesis, are shaped by and for those unique contexts. A review of literature will examine a broad array of sources that shed light on transit-oriented development practices in similar contexts. This discussion draws from specific examples of innovation in finance, policy, design, and planning; as well as a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages. Following the literature review, this study will analyze the historical evolution of transportation and transit policy, including federal and state-level programs. The crux of this study is ten (10) case study cities that transcend several fixed-guideway types (heavy rail, light rail, bus rapid transit, streetcar) and markets of varying size and strength. Findings on significant strategies that yield results within these case studies will be organized into benchmarks and best practices, intended as a uniquely contextual resource for emerging cities aspiring to incorporate transit-oriented development into planning for sustainable development.

Committee: Kimberly Burton (Advisor); Rachel Kleit PhD (Committee Chair) Subjects: Architectural; Architecture; Area Planning and Development; Civil Engineering; Land Use Planning; Public Policy; Sustainability; Transportation; Transportation Planning; Urban Planning

Master of Fine Arts (MFA), Bowling Green State University, 2016, Creative Writing/Poetry

This thesis explores Polish emigration through poetry from the present of the third generation in terms of loss of familial patriarchs, loss of the Polish language as an American monolingual English speaker, and loss of ethnic group identity. That is, this thesis explores what it means for a Polish American to be foreign to oneself. The speaker of these poems, in order to connect with an identity larger than herself, tries to regain a sense of Polish national identity by speaking to the dead patriarchs of her family and meditating on their deaths. By doing so, she attempts to make some kind of sense of her grief and of her life. This thesis utilizes formal restlessness and the themes of language, prayer, memory, dream, nature, drink, and work to connect the speaker with the unseen world that is now absent to her in the physical, visible world in which she dwells.

Committee: Sharona Muir (Advisor); Larissa Szporluk Celli (Committee Member) Subjects: Aesthetics; Bible; Bilingual Education; Dance; Earth; East European Studies; Ecology; Energy; English As A Second Language; Environmental Philosophy; Ethics; Ethnic Studies; European History; Families and Family Life; Fine Arts; Folklore; Foreign Language; Forestry; Gender; History; Holocaust Studies; Human Remains; Language; Language Arts; Literacy; Literature; Minority and Ethnic Groups; Modern History; Modern Language; Modern Literature; Multicultural Education; Multilingual Education; Peace Studies; Performing Arts; Personal Relationships; Personality; Regional Studies; Religion; Religious History; Slavic Literature; Slavic Studies; Spirituality; Theology; Therapy; Womens Studies; World History

Doctor of Philosophy, University of Akron, 2016, History

The following dissertation explores student political and social activism at northern Appalachian universities during the Vietnam War era. Drawing from student newspapers and archival sources, the dissertation argues that students forged a dual identity as students and citizens making claims to decision-making authority at their respective universities through seeing a correlation between their roles as citizens of the nation and citizens of the university. This student-citizen identity developed from student engagement with multiple strands of activism, including: antiwar, antipoverty, civil rights, and students' rights. Students framed this identity against what they believed was a generational divide between them and their parents; for their part, the parents also framed their response to their children in this way, too. The dissertation shows these two generations were not as different as either believed, but in the end, the differences mattered more. Further, the dissertation investigates this development at schools in Appalachia because of the lack of scholarship on these schools both from historians of the Sixties and those of Appalachia. By highlighting the activism of students during the Vietnam War era, the dissertation helps to challenge the existing historiography of the Sixties in Appalachia which focuses primarily on poverty, unions, and out-migration from the region, presenting Appalachia as victimized and without internal agency. Additionally, by focusing on northern Appalachia, the dissertation adds to the overall field of Appalachian historiography that largely ignores the northern segments of the region. Through exploring how students at Ohio University, the University of Pittsburgh, and West Virginia University engaged with questions of war and dissent, patriotism and citizenship during the period 1964 to 1972, the dissertation offers new details to the study of student activism in the Sixties and Appalachia's experience of the Vietnam War era.

Committee: Gregory Wilson (Advisor); Walter Hixson (Committee Member); Zachary Williams (Committee Member); Kenneth Bindas (Committee Member); William Lyons (Committee Member) Subjects: History; Modern History; Peace Studies; Regional Studies

MCP, University of Cincinnati, 2015, Design, Architecture, Art and Planning: Community Planning

The purpose of this thesis was to assess the complexity of a portion of Cincinnati, Ohio that is currently underserved by transit. This study outlines potential mode types that could be used to improve service, and then determines the best mode to be a busway. This study then looked to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania as a case study. The Port Authority of Allegheny County built out their three busways at different times, experimenting in different ways to build and use a busway. Pittsburgh's three busways serve as a guide for determining the necessary factors to use in determining a proper alignment. The thesis then used Pittsburgh's example as a guide for determining the most suitable corridor for development. Population density, station placement, land acquisition and build-out costs were all used as factors in determining the most suitable alignment. The thesis finds the former Chesapeake & Ohio of Indiana corridor to be the most suitable for development due to its relative cost to build per potential ridership.

Committee: Danilo Palazzo Ph.D. (Committee Chair); Christopher Auffrey Ph.D. (Committee Member); Rainer vom Hofe Ph.D. (Committee Member) Subjects: Urban Planning

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Ohio University, 2015, Interdisciplinary Arts (Fine Arts)

In this dissertation, I will apply the scholarly, creative, and descriptive traits of rephotography to document the city of Pittsburgh's cultural landscape. Starting with images of W. Eugene Smith's Pittsburgh Project as my exemplar, I will conduct my own rephotographic survey and identify changes in the cultural landscape of Pittsburgh between 1955 and 2014. I will also continue and contribute to the transdisciplinary nature of rephotography by viewing Smith's project and my rephotography through the lenses of tourism, palimpsest, and performance. Used individually, these three lenses provide a better understanding of rephotography—used together in concert; they create a conceptual framework for the uses and study of rephotography in the future. My receptiveness to the relationship between these three topics to photography and rephotography will promote approaches to the study of photography that expand surveys pertaining to the photo-mechanical nature, subject matter, or formalist properties of the medium. The Pittsburgh scenes including birds-eye views of the city, individual buildings, and even street signs provide a broad overview of the city on both a macro and a micro-scale. Through more than twenty examples, I suggest that photography as utilized by Smith, exposes Pittsburgh as seen by an outsider, while rephotography reveals Pittsburgh as insiders have transformed it. The themes of tourism, palimpsest, and performance organize my study of rephotography and situate my rephotographic survey in terms of Smith's Pittsburgh Project. They are the threads that connect the photographer Smith, rephotography as methodology and subject, and my own survey of Pittsburgh's cultural landscape together.

Committee: Marina Peterson (Committee Chair); Jennie Klein (Committee Co-Chair); Condee William (Committee Member); Tim Anderson (Committee Member) Subjects: Art History; Fine Arts; Geography

MARCH, University of Cincinnati, 2014, Design, Architecture, Art and Planning: Architecture

The population of Pittsburgh is expected to grow dramatically over the next decade. This influx of people may catch some communities within the Pittsburgh region off-guard, as their potential to attract these new residences and businesses to settle in their area cannot be met because of their lack of adequate regional transit. The North Hills region of Pittsburgh has a valuable tool in its Route 8 transit corridor. It is comprised of both roadway and potential rail transit that, if used effectively, can give the area a competitive advantage in attracting more residence and business to the area. It will also create better connections between those residences and businesses with the local communities and downtown Pittsburgh. However, the current roadway will not handle the anticipated growth in the region, while the rail transit is not being utilized for public transportation. This thesis examines why the North Hills is not currently in an optimal position to attract new residence within the region, how the North Hills can utilize its existing rail infrastructure to create more conducive areas for business and residential growth, what way the region can develop the Route 8 corridor to create more effective land use and connections with its residential neighborhoods, and why the Route 8 corridor is in a unique position to create dense developments. This thesis discusses how principles of transit-oriented design, new urbanism, and the creation of dense developments improve communal and transit benefits for residences of the North Hills neighborhoods and better connects the area to the greater Pittsburgh region. The thesis contends that re-utilizing the existing rail transit within the Route 8 corridor, which is currently reliant on car-oriented transit for commuter purposes, and creating nodes of multimodal transit opportunities can be a catalyst for increasing the value of the North Hills' communities and produce development and growth within the region.

Committee: Udo Greinacher M.Arch. (Committee Chair); Michael McInturf M.Arch. (Committee Member) Subjects: Architecture

BUP/MCP, University of Cincinnati, 2008, Design, Architecture, Art and Planning : Community Planning

Post-industrial cities in the Rust Belt of the United States have been losing population to their suburbs and other regions for decades. Even as the population and density of these cities decrease, the infrastructure and physical area and the cost to maintain them remain the same. A new concept known as Creative Shrinkage calls for planning proactively for the possible or likely population shrinkage of a city by adjusting its physical size to its reduced population. This study explores the causes of urban growth and decline in Youngstown, Ohio and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and compares the conventional responses of Pittsburgh with the unconventional Creative Shrinkage responses adopted by Youngstown, and determines that Creative Shrinkage as utilized in Youngstown has several standard components that allow for its use as a strategy for declining cities. The study suggests a new federal program to assist declining cities with shrinkage and calls for a shrinkage-oriented planning model.

Committee: Menelaos Triantafillou AICP, ASLA (Committee Chair); David Varady PhD, FAICP (Committee Member) Subjects: Urban Planning

MARCH, University of Cincinnati, 2005, Design, Architecture, Art and Planning : Architecture (Master of)

Supportive Community Housing | Addressing the emergence of non-traditional households presents a study of housing options for non-traditional families in America with the goal of providing appropriate model housing solutions for these often overlooked groups. This study examines how the traditional notions of the American Dream have failed non-traditional households and presents a set of principles to better address the needs of these groups. These principles generate specific design guidelines for an urban housing design proposal on a site in the Hill District neighborhood of the city of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. By following the design principles and guidelines, the proposal presents a housing development suited to the site, neighborhood, community, and residents. As there are many potential ways of providing housing for non-traditional households, the design proposal functions as a case study for implementing the ideas explored within this thesis to create more appropriate housing communities.

Committee: Robert Burnham (Advisor) Subjects: Architecture

MARCH, University of Cincinnati, 2004, Design, Art, Architecture, and Planning: Architecture (Master of)

Industry, formerly defining the identity of Pittsburgh, has mostly moved away from the city. The resultant post-industrial landscape is littered with abandoned industrial buildings. These buildings facing disuse or demolition are the urban artifacts that once contributed to the sense of place. The loss of these artifacts has negative effects not only on the particular place but also on the broader urban environment. The reuse of these buildings is important to make them a valued piece of architecture once again. Place is immersed in layers of history. The destruction of the post-industrial landscape separates and tears those layers of history. While maintaining a connection to the industrial past is important, it is necessary not to overlook all the layers of pre- and post-industrial history. These are elements of the place. The conversion of unused industrial buildings can start to maintain the sense of place. The fuller sense of place may be realized in an architecture of palimpsest. Metaphorically, the term palimpsest refers to the ability of architecture to contain many partial “texts” thru time layered over each other. The richness of the architecture takes advantage of this and is derived from the layers that define place. The aspects used to create this architectural palimpsest are the validity of fragments, the existing architectural character, and the design of new interventions. Design exploration will take place through the Armstrong Cork Building in the Strip District of Pittsburgh. This striking hundred year-old cork factory has been abandoned for twenty-five years. The project derives its program not only from the needs of the area as well as from the layers of history.

Committee: David Saile (Advisor) Subjects: Architecture