Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Ohio University, 2013, Mechanical and Systems Engineering (Engineering and Technology)

Strategy denotes actions or patterns of actions intended for the attainment of goals. In an organizational setting, the term strategy covers more than just intended or planned strategy; it also includes the sequence of decisions that exhibit posteriori consistencies in decisional behavior, involving the selection of product markets or industries and the allocation of resources among them. Within the broader purpose of developing a decision making framework for competitive strategy development practices, the thrust of this study is to investigate the impact of environmental uncertainty on corporate strategy, and the influence of corporate strategy on business performance, operational structure and market dynamics. Another incidental purpose of the study is to review, classify, clarify, define, and integrate ideas and concepts from diverse disciplines including Engineering, Economics and Business Administration to consequently establish a strategic decision making framework. The factors influencing the short term and long term standing of companies in a particular market are focused with the objectives of increasing the business capability and profitability as well as improving the market share. The case studied is the global blood sugar monitoring industry. The demand structure of the market is modeled considering four major companies in three regional markets; Asia, Europe, North America. LifeScan Inc., a Johnson & Johnson Company, is selected as the focus of greater discussions. The decision making framework is established for LifeScan Inc. incorporating a layered cellular manufacturing design integrated with different supply chain alternatives. The framework is then employed in a multi-period strategic analysis where competition games are developed and studied in three categories; price competition, quality/reputation competition and product competition. The outcomes of different competition strategies are presented and evaluated in terms of profitability and (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Gursel Suer (Advisor); Douglas Adie (Advisor); David Koonce (Committee Member); Dusan Sormaz (Committee Member); Namkyu Park (Committee Member); Ana Feger (Committee Member) Subjects: Business Administration; Economics; Industrial Engineering

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 2018, Business Administration

Despite significant interest on the topic of learning from failure in the management literature, we have little insight into how firms learn from failures to enhance subsequent innovation outcomes. This thesis takes a step forward in this direction by emphasizing the causally ambiguous nature of innovation, and the crucial role played by failures in helping to resolve this ambiguity. I argue that failures represent failed hypotheses, thus influencing the organization to reconsider its existing beliefs and seek out alternate theoretical explanations. In this way, failures can generate rich new insights into processes of innovation that bring about novel outcomes. In this thesis, I use three different contexts to examine how firms learn from failures. By using three different contexts, I am able to shed light on different mechanisms that help firms learn from failures in their pursuit of discovering novel innovation. In the first essay, I examine how firms learn from their own failures to enhance the novelty of subsequent innovation. In the second essay, I examine how litigation directed against a firm accused of patent infringement—a failure on this firm's part–offers it a unique opportunity to learn vicariously from unintended knowledge spillovers during litigation. Finally, I use the context of alliances to examine how firms learn from their R&D alliance partners' prior experience with failures to enhance their new product development capability. I test hypotheses for these studies using a unique database that captures drug development project characteristics, patent litigation and R&D alliance information pertaining to the global pharmaceutical industry.

Committee: Mona Makhija PhD (Committee Chair); Oded Shenkar PhD (Committee Member); Michael Leiblein PhD (Committee Member); Benjamin Campbell PhD (Committee Member) Subjects: Business Administration

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 1986, Graduate School

Committee: Not Provided (Other) Subjects: Health Sciences

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 1986, Graduate School

Committee: Not Provided (Other) Subjects: Health Sciences

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 1980, Graduate School

Committee: Not Provided (Other) Subjects: Business Administration

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 1965, Graduate School

Committee: Not Provided (Other) Subjects: Economics

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 1958, Graduate School

Committee: Not Provided (Other) Subjects: Health Sciences

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 2013, Business Administration

This dissertation is comprised of in depth analysis on the broader topic of corporate innovation strategy, which identifies the mechanisms of how firms' factor market strategies shape product market strategies and consequent economic performance. The first chapter builds mathematical models, which show the performance implications of research and development (R&D) mode choices in connection with product market entry strategies. The second essay looks at the economic outcomes of the combination of various choices regarding R&D mode, time-to-market, and product innovativeness based on the pharmaceutical firms' new drug development data. The final essay investigates a fundamental question of this dissertation, specifically, how firms evolve their factor market and product market strategies in response to rivals' actions. Existing studies on the factor market strategy emphasize the use of an appropriate form for R&D to obtain high economic performance (Williamson, 1979). Research on the product market strategy, on the other hand, focuses primarily on the implementation of effective entry strategies to obtain high performance (Lieberman and Montgomery, 1989). Although numerous existing studies have found interesting implications regarding factor market or product market strategies, little effort has been made to reconcile these two types of the corporate innovation strategy. This dissertation investigates the simultaneous effects of factor and product market strategies on economic performance. In the models of this dissertation, firms can choose an R&D mode between in-house and in-license as part of their factor market strategies. For product market strategies, firms can decide on the timing of their new product introduction and the performance of the new products. This dissertation creates these choice sets and examines which choice set leads firms to obtain the highest economic performance. Moreover, a theoretical framework is provided, which explains how both factor m (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Jay Anand (Advisor); Jay Barney (Committee Co-Chair); Ashton Hawk (Committee Member); Sharon James (Committee Member) Subjects: Business Administration

PHD, Kent State University, 2011, College of Business and Entrepreneurship, Ambassador Crawford / Department of Marketing and Entrepreneurship

During the past three decades, the pharmaceutical industry has increased its reliance on incremental innovation to drive growth. This change in conduct reflects the industry's response to a series of changes that has impacted negatively the return on its research and development investment. This dissertation examines the relationship between these changes in conduct and financial performance. First, the structure-conduct-performance paradigm and the resource-based theory of competitive advantage are referenced to establish the basis for the dynamics of change at industry and firm levels. Then, a value relevance model is defined to study the relationship between the change in innovative focus and the change in financial performance. This research studies the brand-name pharmaceutical industry from 1980 to 2009. Data to study the relationship between innovative focus and performance are compiled from three sources. Financial data are drawn from Standard & Poor's Compustat database and firms' annual reports. Data to operationalize innovative focus are acquired from the United States Food and Drug Administration's Drugs@FDA database. The value relevance model defined for this research is evaluated using time series and pooled time series approaches. The results confirm the pharmaceutical industry's innovative focus changes significantly during the period studied. The change in innovative focus significantly drives change in financial performance. Closer analysis of strategic change at the firm level reveals some firms increase their focus on incremental innovation while others do not. Financial performance changes only for the firms that increase their focus on incremental innovation. In the long run, the financial performance of the firms that change strategy by increasing their focus on incremental innovation exceeds that of the firms that do not. This research contributes to the value-relevance literature by examining allocation of the research and development invest (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Michael Hu PhD (Committee Chair); Sung Ham PhD (Committee Member); Dandan Liu PhD (Committee Member) Subjects: Marketing; Pharmaceuticals