BM, Kent State University, 2016, College of the Arts / School of Music, Hugh A. Glauser

The Breton lai Sir Orfeo, a Middle English romance preserved in the Auchinleck Manuscript (National Library of Scotland, MS Advocates 19.2.1), was produced in London in the 1330s, and is likely based on an earlier, lost, Old French work, the Lai d'Orfey. The genre of the Breton lai, which originated in France, became popular in England by the fourteenth century. Sir Orfeo is, therefore, a Celtic interpretation of the Orpheus myth, in which the King of the Fairies replaces the role of Hades in the abduction of Orfeo's wife. Like the French lais of the twelfth-century poet Marie de France, which preserve the metrical and folkloric traditions of minstrel music, the rhythmic quality of the Auchinleck Sir Orfeo suggests musical influence. The poetic telling of this legend may be analyzed as both literary and oral in tradition, and the three different versions of the lai found in the Auchinleck MS (early fourteenth century), the British Library MS Harley 3810 (early fifteenth century), and MS Ashmole 61 found in the Oxford Bodleian Library (late fifteenth century) are the result of a mixture of memorial evolution through minstrel performances and the scholarship of scribes, or perhaps even literate minstrels. Ties to this medieval story can be found in the two sixteenth-century fragments of a Scottish poem called “King Orphius” and later in a folk ballad, “King Orfeo,” the text of which was catalogued by American scholar Francis James Child (1825–1896) in his English and Scottish Popular Ballads, published between 1882 and 1898. This ballad remains alive through the performances of many folk singers in Scotland and the Shetland Islands, and exemplifies the power of oral tradition, which remains an integral component in the culture of the folk music and storytelling of the British Isles. By examining both the similarities and differences between these medieval manuscripts and later Scottish and Shetland sources, scholars and performers are able to trace an oral traditio (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Theodore Albrecht (Advisor); Susanna Fein (Committee Member); Don-John Dugas (Committee Member); Timothy Culver (Committee Member) Subjects: Folklore; Literature; Medieval Literature; Middle Ages; Music

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 2012, Comparative and Veterinary Medicine

The complex retrovirus Human T-lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) is the causative agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and other lymphocyte-mediated inflammatory disorders. In endemic regions, HTLV-1 is primarily spread from mother to child through infected breast milk. The establishment of persistent HTLV-1 infection following the ingestion of infected lymphocytes is determined by the delicate balance between viral spread and the host immune response. The immunopathogenesis of these early events is not completely understood, and advances in this area have been hindered by the lack of an appropriate animal model. This thesis describes a novel rabbit model of HTLV-1 milk-borne infections, and provides data to understand the early immunological and virological events following oral mucosal exposure to HTLV-1. Herein, we performed an extensive examination of the rabbit gut-associated lymphoid tissue. Using two quantitative methods to exam lymphocyte subsets within the major inductive sites our data revealed similarities between rabbits and humans. This information validates this species as a model for mucosal immunology studies following oral exposure to HTLV-1 and establishes reference ranges for future studies. Our data provides important knowledge of the immune response against HTLV-1 infection following oral exposure to infected lymphocytes. We established a protocol for infection via the oral mucosal route using a method that mimics infant exposure to repeated doses of comparable numbers of infected lymphocytes. We further characterized this model of infection through evaluation of humoral and cellular immune responses and viral parameters. We determined that rabbits exposed orally to HTLV-1 infected lymphocytes develop a persistent infection characterized by a delayed and variable humoral immune response similar to infected infants. Rabbits exposed by this route also displayed a variable, decreased and delayed peripheral cellular immune response with lower (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Stefan Neiweisk DVM/PhD (Advisor); Michael Lairmore DVM/PhD (Committee Member); Burkhard Mary Jo DVM/PhD (Committee Member); Wellman Maxey DVM/PhD (Committee Member) Subjects: Immunology; Virology

M.M., University of Cincinnati, 2012, College-Conservatory of Music: Music History

The culture of the New Order Amish is a culture, like that of the more traditional Old Order Amish, in which a heritage of singing is very important. Multiple researchers have investigated the culture and the singing of the Old Order Amish, but very few have examined New Order culture and even fewer have studied their music. The oral transmission of Amish music has also been examined by past researchers, but there has not been research in this area recently. This is significant, as there have been several new sources of transcription of these rarely recorded melodies. This thesis utilizes observation of a New Order community and interviews within this community, as well as the examination of new transcriptions alongside previously researched material. This reveals the role music plays in the life of these New Order Amish and the relationship of their music to their overall culture. This thesis also updates the research of previous researchers, include Rupert Karl Hohmann and Nicholas Temperley, on the oral transmission of traditional Amish melodies. Adding the new sources of transcription confirms many of these earlier researchers findings. The oral transmission of Amish music is of particular importance to researchers of oral transmission because the lifestyle of the Amish provides an environment almost completely free from outside musical influence. This thesis provides valuable information concerning New Order Amish culture, New Order Amish music and also for the study of oral transmission.

Committee: Matthew Peattie PhD (Committee Chair); Clement Jeffrey Jacobson PhD (Committee Member); bruce mcclung PhD (Committee Member) Subjects: Music