Master of Science, The Ohio State University, 2016, Food Science and Technology

Soluble fiber components such as beta-glucan in oats have been associated with the reduction of cholesterol and cardiovascular disease risk, and normalization of blood sugar levels. This ingredient is suitable for beverage applications. Oat-beta-glucan can be used as a stabilizer that contributes to a clean label, while meeting a health claim. Moreover, milk proteins are a good source of essential amino acids and calcium. The objective of this study was to formulate an acceptable oat-beta-glucan high protein dairy beverage containing at least 0.75 g of oat-beta-glucan per serving size. Formulations adjusted to oat flour (1.50-2.30%) and milk protein isolate (MPI) (2.50-4.00%) were thermal processed (Fo= 10 minutes) in a rotary retort. The oat-beta-glucan high protein beverages formulated presented a neutral pH and high suspension stability. The amount of oat flour seems to have a higher influence on the apparent viscosity of the beverages. Contents of beta-glucan (0.5%) and protein (5.0-6.4%) allowed the coronary heart disease health risk (21 CFR 101.81) and high nutrient content (21 CFR 101.54) claims, respectively. Sensory evaluation indicated that beverages with lowet than 1.9% oat flour and lower than 2.5% (thin liquids, higher than 50mPas) were the most accepted. The increase of oat and MPI contents lead to nectar-like beverages (51-100 mPas). Perceived thickness, sweetness and aftertaste have the most influence on acceptability. It was established that optimum product formulation contained oat flour (1.5-1.7%) and MPI (2.6-3.0%). This study demonstrates that it is possible to formulate an acceptable functional oat high protein dairy beverage that is also shelf stable.

Committee: Valente Alvarez PhD (Advisor); Christopher Simons PhD (Committee Member); John Litchfield PhD (Committee Member) Subjects: Food Science

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 2023, Food Science and Technology

Omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are imperative for general biological functions and may be involved in prevention and treatment of various diseases. These fatty acids are primarily found in fish and fish oil but have also been extracted from algae and genetically modified organisms such as yeast and oilseeds. While there is no specific dietary recommendation for EPA and DHA in the US, conversion from the essential fatty acid, α-linolenic acid, is reported to be quite low. For this reason, several countries and organizations have implemented guidelines for fish or EPA and DHA consumption. These generally recommend 2-3 servings of fish per week. Despite the benefits, fish, and consequently EPA and DHA, consumption is below recommended levels. Developing an alternative food product which contains EPA and DHA is a strategy to increase consumption. In the following studies, fish and algae oil were emulsified and incorporated into plant-based milk beverages. These beverages were chosen as a vehicle due to their accessibility to various populations with dietary restrictions, increasing popularity, and compatibility with an emulsion system containing EPA and DHA. The beverages were analyzed for their physicochemical stability, comparing three different beverage bases, soy, oat, and almond, and water. It was found that oat and almond milk were the most physically stable to emulsion separation and sedimentation, and soy and oat milk were most resistant to oxidation. Following the physicochemical study, the consumer rejection threshold of fish and algae oils in the three-plant milk beverages was investigated. Consumer acceptability is highly important and influences purchasing habits. Generally, 0.2-0.4% of fish or algae oil could be added to oat and soy milk without causing consumer rejection. Almond milk was found to be a poor vehicle for these oils, as any concentration led to rejection. From the results of the previous stud (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Yael Vodovotz (Advisor); Steven Clinton (Committee Member); Osvaldo Campanella (Committee Member); Martha Belury (Committee Member) Subjects: Food Science

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 2008, Computer and Information Science

In the past decade, with the increasing adoption of Internet as theprimary means of electronic interaction and communication, web-based datacenters have become a central requirement for providing online services. Today, several applications and services have been deployed in such datacenters in a variety of environments including e-commerce, medical informatics, genomics, etc. Most of these applications and services share significant state information that are critical for the efficient functioning of the datacenter. However, existing mechanisms for sharing the state information are both inefficient in terms of performance and scalability, and non-resilient to loaded conditions in the datacenter. In addition, existing mechanisms do not take complete advantage of the features of emerging technologies which are gaining momentum in current datacenters. This dissertation presents an efficient soft state sharing substrate that leverages the features of emerging technologies such as high-speed networks, Intel's I/OAT and multicore architectures to address the limitations mentioned above. Specifically, the dissertation targets three important aspects: (i) designing efficient state sharing components using the features of emerging technologies, (ii) understanding the interactions between the proposed components and (iii) analyzing the impact of the proposed components and their interactions with datacenter applications and services in terms of performance, scalability and resiliency. Our evaluations with the soft state sharing substrate not only show an order of magnitude performance improvement over traditional implementations but also demonstrate the resiliency to loaded conditions in the datacenter. Evaluations with several datacenter applications also suggest that the substrate is scalable and has a low-overhead. The proposed substrate is portable across multiple modern interconnects such as InfiniBand, iWARP-capable networks like 10-Gigabit Ethernet both in LAN and WAN (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Dhabaleswar K. Panda Prof. (Advisor); Ponnuswamy Sadayappan Prof. (Committee Member); Feng Qin Prof. (Committee Member) Subjects: Computer Science

Master of Science (MS), Ohio University, 2011, Food and Nutrition (Health and Human Services)

Consumers have become aware of the potential dangers of a high-fat diet because of numerous diseases associated with obesity. This has caused producers of deep-fried foods to seek new methods to lower the fat content of these foods. The effectiveness of edible films made of various proteins and carbohydrates and the addition of postbreading, prefrying dips of egg albumin solutions have already been proven to lower fat absorption. Common additions of chemicals to films called plasticizers allow them to improve distribution when coating a substrate and improve their water vapor permeability and mechanical properties. The purpose of this study was to attempt to improve the characteristics of egg albumin mediated oil absorption inhibition in deep-fried chicken tenderloin pieces using corn and oat fiber. The use of corn and oat fiber to function as a plasticizer was explored. Dipping samples in an egg albumin dip with no fiber present produced samples with the highest lipid reductions compared to the control. The addition of fiber to any of the dips did not produce a synergistic effect to reduce lipid absorption. The egg dip, 1%, and 2% fiber dip amounts were successful in reducing the lipid content compared to control, but not the 5% fiber dip amount. As the fiber dip concentration decreased for corn and oat fiber, lipid levels decreased. The inability of the 5% fiber dip amount to inhibit oil absorption suggests that the fiber present in the egg dip interfered with its ability to block fat absorption in a concentration dependent manner.

Committee: Robert Brannan PhD (Committee Chair); Darlene Berryman PhD (Committee Member); Ahmed Faik PhD (Committee Member) Subjects: Food Science; Nutrition

Specialist in Education, Miami University, 2010, Educational Psychology

The following study examines the relationship between state achievement assessments and curriculum-based measurements. Specifically, reading performance on the Ohio Achievement Test and curriculum-based measurement oral reading fluency scores were evaluated. Relationships were examined to determine possible predictors of future state achievement test performance. Trimester benchmarks in oral reading fluency were utilized in evaluating the reading performance of 575 students from a suburban Southwestern Ohio school district. The results indicated that curriculum-based measurements of oral reading fluency and Ohio Achievement Test reading have a strong predictive relationship. A model, utilizing the most recently administered Ohio Achievement Test and oral reading fluency scores demonstrated the strongest predictive relationship with future successful state test performance. Given the federal and state objectives focused on increasing student achievement, these findings provide schools and educators with practical methods of monitoring and predicting student success.

Committee: Jason T. Abbitt PhD (Committee Co-Chair); Michael F. Woodin PhD (Committee Co-Chair); Jane E. Cole PhD (Committee Member); Tonya S. Watson PhD (Committee Member) Subjects: Education

PHD, Kent State University, 2010, College of Education, Health and Human Services / School of Lifespan Development and Educational Sciences

Contemporary education is experiencing substantial reform across legislative, pedagogical, and assessment dimensions. The increase in school-based accountability systems has brought forth a culture where states, school districts, teachers, and individual students are required to demonstrate their efficacy towards improvement of the educational environment. An awareness of the necessity for identifying students who are at-risk or already failing heralds the implementation of progress monitoring systems that continuously survey acquisition of skills and development of subsequent academic competencies. Early literacy and mathematics skills are understood as essential prerequisites towards future academic achievement, emotional adjustment, and adult quality of livelihood. Brief, reoccurring informal process assessment practices, such as DIBELS and Math Concepts and Applications, may yield a powerful mechanism to accomplish such progress monitoring and data based decision-making objectives. Previous quantitative approaches towards studying the outcomes of school-based data, however, were frequently plagued with methodological shortcomings and violations of statistical assumptions. Advances in understanding nested or hierarchical organized data allows for analysis of data without many of these confounds. The present study employed a longitudinal collection from 2002 to 2006 of informal DIBELS and Math Concepts and Application assessment results. Repeated measurement of a high-stakes measure, the Ohio Achievement Test subtests in reading and mathematics, were regressed onto informal math and reading assessments with various individual student-level predictor variables in a progressive sequence involving hierarchical linear models (HLM). The intent was to develop a cogent model of predicting high stakes achievement test performance as related to the above variables. Results were significant for the usage of informal DIBELS measures to predict future high stakes achieveme (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Caven Mcloughlin PhD (Committee Chair); Frank Sansosti PhD (Committee Member); Jason Schenker PhD (Committee Member) Subjects: Education; Psychology

Doctor of Education (Ed.D.), Bowling Green State University, 2010, Leadership Studies

The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the relationship between students' performance on the Cognitive Abilities Test (CogAT) and the fourth and fifth grade Reading and Math Achievement Tests in Ohio. The sample utilized students from a suburban school district in Northwest Ohio. Third grade CogAT scores (2006-2007 school year), 4th grade Reading and Math Ohio Achievement Test scores (2007-2008 academic year), and 5th grade Reading and Math Ohio Achievement Test scores (2008-2009 school year) were utilized in this study. Pearson Correlation was utilized to examine the relationship between the test scores. Secondly, the researcher examined whether the correlation coefficients between CogAT and fourth and fifth grade Ohio Achievement Test scores differ by CogAT performance level (below average, average, above average). Additionally, a linear regression test was utilized to determine whether the composite scores from the CogAT can predict proficiency on the fourth and fifth grade Ohio Achievement Tests in Reading and Math. The correlation coefficient on all four achievement tests indicated strong positive significant relationships between scores on each achievement test and scores on the CogAT for the entire sample (n=292), while three of four of the coefficient correlations were weak for the below average group. The average group generated the strongest correlations of the CogAT with all the OATs examined. The above average group generated moderate correlations. Predictions for future academic achievement are stronger with the above average and average groups, while weaker for the below average group. In general, students who score approximately 93-95 on the CogAT in 3rd grade are likely to achieve a proficient level on the 4th and 5th grade OAT for Reading and Math. The range of CogAT scores necessary to predict accelerated and advanced levels increases greatly. In addition, higher CogAT scores were necessary to achieve accelerated or advanced for Re (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Rachel Vannatta Reinhart (Advisor); Kevin Gorman (Committee Member); Mark Munson (Committee Member); Patrick Pauken (Committee Member); Judith Zimmerman (Committee Member) Subjects: Education; Elementary Education; School Administration