Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 1988, Graduate School

Committee: Not Provided (Other) Subjects: Education

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 1984, Graduate School

Committee: Not Provided (Other) Subjects: Education

Master of Arts, The Ohio State University, 2009, ED Policy and Leadership

The International Standard School project is a new education policy in Indonesia that was enacted with a main goal to prepare the students for global competitiveness. This policy is both an effort to internationalize schools in Indonesia and a part of the national education decentralization reform. The title International Standard School, SBI in Bahasa Indonesia, is given as an accreditation status to schools that have completed the required standards. The use of the terms “international” has drawn a lot of comments and concerns among the public in general. This study is aimed at analyzing the policy documents in seeking for an answer to a thesis question: Is the International Standard School project likely to achieve the intended goal of improving the quality of public education in Indonesia? A set of policy documents was collected and analyzed against literature on international schools and education decentralization. The analysis found that the policy documents lacked of clarity in explaining some critical terms and thus were not likely to help the national schools to achieve the intended goal of the policy. Some other important findings in relation to the use of the term “international”, the impetus of the policy, and the readiness of the system to implement the policy are presented.

Committee: Ann Allen PhD (Advisor); Antoinette Errante PhD (Committee Member) Subjects: Education; Educational Evaluation

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 1987, Graduate School

Committee: Not Provided (Other) Subjects: Political Science

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 1984, Graduate School

Committee: Not Provided (Other) Subjects: Education

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 1983, Graduate School

Committee: Not Provided (Other) Subjects: Political Science

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 2008, Art Education

The purpose of this study is to identify the theories, definitions, goals, curricula, pedagogy, and practices of multicultural education, and its implications for dance education in Indonesia. Firstly, I review the literature of multicultural education theory and dance education in the United States. Secondly, I examine two dance educators and their application of multicultural education through structured and unstructured interviews, participant observations, reflective journals, and document analyses. Lastly, I consider the context of education in Indonesia and how it might be served by adapting multicultural approaches used in the United States.The findings indicate that for elementary and middle school students, the curriculum of dance education taught through a multicultural pedagogy considers students' lived experiences and dance forms from various cultures. This study concludes with a call for a multicultural dance education course to be taught in dance teacher education programs in Indonesia; a course grounded in an autobiographical method that promotes teachers' self-awareness and self-critique as they become multicultural educators and agents for change.

Committee: Christine Ballengee-Morris (Advisor) Subjects: Art Education

Master of Arts (MA), Ohio University, 2008, Southeast Asian Studies (International Studies)

In this paper, I explore some progressive Islamic feminist organizations and their contributions to popularizing Islamic reform movements in Indonesia through their popular pioneering agendas. Some pioneers of progressive Muslim feminists, such as P3M, FK3, PUAN Amal Hayati and Rahima have killed two birds with one stone. They made an important impact on reducing stigma against Islamic reform ideas and feminism. Many Indonesian Muslims often consider Islamic reform movements and feminism a Western conspiracy to destroy Islam. Progressive Muslim feminist groups' approaches to local Muslim scholars of pesantren (traditional Islamic boarding school) are vital in shifting these local leaders to be focal points of Islamic reform. With more popular issues of Islamic reform, such as reproductive rights and domestic violence, they create an efficient step to introduce Islamic reform movements to Muslims at the grassroot level. The feminist organizations make a crucial follow-up activity by applying feminist perspectives in reinterpreting classical Islamic thoughts. They have produced a specific method of Quranic interpretation (tafsir) and consequently have created a particular Islamic thinking from the Qur'an and the Prophet Muhammad's traditions (hadith). Indonesian Muslim feminists have developed their methods of tafsir through direct engagement with women's experiences of violence. This effort is vital in spreading both Islamic reform movements and feminism within Indonesian Muslims. The growing number of progressive Muslim feminists and their crucial contributions to popularizing Islamic reform movements in Indonesia lead conservative Muslim groups' responses to attack the groups. Among other challenges for the progressive Muslim feminists are the growing Islamic shari'ah movements and the rise of conservative Islamic expression and the rise of polygamy practice within reformist and progressive Muslims. I make suggestions for how the progressive Islamic feminist moveme (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Elizabeth F. Collins (Committee Chair); Loren Lybarger (Committee Member); Risa Whitson (Committee Member) Subjects: Womens Studies

Master of Arts (MA), Ohio University, 2003, Political Science (Arts and Sciences)

Islam in Indonesia is acknowledged as moderate, although there are radical Islamic groups that are involved in violent religious conflicts and insist on the implementation of Islamic law in the post-authoritarian Soeharto era. The moderation of Islam in Indonesia is not merely because of historical factors, but is also the result of ongoing debates on how to reconcile Islam with modernity. Jaringan Islam Liberal/JIL (the Liberal Islam Network), a network of young Muslim intellectuals, emerges as a forum to disseminate liberal interpretations of Islam. This study is to determine whether JIL's liberal Islam is meant to develop an Islamic conception of liberalism or an Islamic liberal theology. This study shows that JIL's liberal Islam is the continuation of Islamic renewal projects by Islamic neomodernists. The ideas proposed by JIL activists mostly deal with the compatibility of Islam and democracy, especially on the issues of toleration, pluralism, secularization, and individual and women's rights. This network is very significant to the development of liberal Islamic ideas and the future of moderation of Islam in predominantly Muslim countries like Indonesia.

Committee: Michael Malley (Advisor) Subjects: Political Science, General

Master of Arts, The Ohio State University, 1969, Graduate School

Committee: Not Provided (Other) Subjects:

Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.), Bowling Green State University, 2024, American Culture Studies

The study focuses on the shifting socioeconomic and cultural practices of street vending in Solo City, Indonesia, in response to structuring the global economy and culture. The dissertation seeks to answer the research questions: (1) How did street vending socioeconomic and cultural practices shift in Solo City from the 1980s to the early 2020s? (2) How has the changing cultural landscape of Solo City changed from the 1980s to the early 2020s concerning street vending? (3) How does American global cultural influence affect Solo City's spatiotemporal cultural landscape from the 1980s to the early 2020s? (4) How does Solo City negotiate with American global cultural influence in everyday-life cultural street vending practices from the 1980s to the early 2020s? I employ Burawoy's extended case method in this qualitative transnational American studies project by immersing myself into the field to delve within the context of the study and collect primary data from fieldwork—field observation and interviews—and personal narratives. The secondary data are artifacts, such as historical archives, statistical data, regulations, spatial mapping, news, social media posts, and so on, concerning street vending in Solo over time. I view the diffusion process of the global norm as friction (Tsing, 2005) between aspirations within global connections. Therefore, the study critically examines stories of the continuous reproduction of habitus (Bourdieu, 2013) as represented by shifting practices of sociocultural and political-economic activities committed by stakeholders and actors in street vending in Solo. The findings demonstrate that street vending socioeconomic and cultural practices in Solo City persist despite the shifting values affected by the modern capitalist economy. Street vendors constantly negotiate with local, national, and global structuring in such spatiotemporal politics, whether through formalization or strategizing the spatiotemporal gaps of left-over space and tem (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Radhika Gajjala Ph.D. (Committee Chair); Janet Hartley Ph.D. (Other); Lara Lengel Ph.D. (Committee Member); Yanqin Lu Ph.D. (Committee Member) Subjects: American Studies; Asian Studies; Cultural Anthropology; Mass Media

PHD, Kent State University, 2023, College of the Arts / School of Music, Hugh A. Glauser

Part I of the dissertation is comprised of a multi-movement composition featuring the erhu, and string orchestra. "Concerto for Erhu and String Orchestra" is influenced by my interest and continuous study of musics of the world. As a pupil of both ethnomusicology and composition, I seek the confluence of these disciplines as a result of my research, and therefore many of my works are influenced by non-Western music. The concerto follows this path. It takes influence from traditional and contemporary erhu repertoire, merging these influences with my own experience in Western music and creates an intercultural composition. This work not only features music of Chinese origins, but also features musical elements of African, Eastern European, Korean, Indonesian, and Brazilian music, as these are areas that I have focused on during my studies. My music is deeply influenced by my study of music from these different cultures and subtly weaves together references to these musics through my use rhythmic patterns, melodic tendencies, and harmonic relationships. Part II: We live in a globalized time in which there is a high degree of exchange of information and a rapidly increasing sense of collision of cultures, identities, and meanings. One arena where this is visible is new pieces commissioned from Indonesian composers by the Bandung Philharmonic, the first professional orchestra created in Bandung, Indonesia in 2015. The very nature of this project entails a high degree of consciousness on the part of the composers, who are aware of their Indonesian-ness and that they are writing for a historically Western ensemble. To what degree and how do these composers express their Indonesian-ness in their works and to what degree do they assimilate Western music and identity? The purpose of this document is to define a way of conducting intercultural analysis. This approach is sensitive to the emic meanings from each culture, but that eventually offers an etic readin (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Adam Roberts (Committee Co-Chair); Gustav Medicus (Committee Member); Jennifer Johnstone (Committee Member); Joshua Albrecht (Committee Co-Chair) Subjects: Asian Studies; Composition; Cultural Anthropology; Ethnic Studies; Multicultural Education; Music; Music Education; Pacific Rim Studies; Performing Arts

PHD, Kent State University, 2023, College of Arts and Sciences / Department of Political Science

This dissertation seeks to answer the main research question: Why do some countries adopt e-voting in their national elections while other countries do not? This dissertation shows that although voter turnout and election fraud do not influence e-voting adoption, e-voting adoption can increase voter turnout and decrease election fraud. In addition, it is effective in combating some political problems even if those problems are not the main reason for reforming the elections. The main argument above is supported by my three empirical chapters. The first empirical chapter focuses on answering the question: Do voter turnout and election fraud affect e-voting adoption? By employing survival analysis, I found that, unlike the common belief and understanding, voter turnout and election fraud do not affect e-voting adoption. In addition, the second empirical chapter intends to reexamine the effects of e-voting adoption on voter turnout and election fraud. Using statistical techniques such as pretest and posttest design, ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions, and a difference-in-differences (DID) of four pairs of countries, this study reveals that while in individual cases e-voting adoption increased voter turnout or decreased election fraud, in the larger population of countries, the effects of e-voting adoption on voter turnout were different from its effects on election fraud. Specifically, this chapter argues that while the effects of e-voting adoption on voter turnout can be significantly observed among all countries in my sample, the effects of e-voting adoption on election fraud were not significant in the adopter countries and between the adopter and the non-adopter countries. Moreover, the third empirical chapter focuses on Indonesians' support of the adoption of e-voting in their country's future elections and Filipinos' support of the current e-voting system in the country. Primarily, this chapter aims to answer the question: What are the factors tha (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Ryan Claassen (Committee Chair); Kathleen Hale (Committee Member); Daniel Chand (Committee Member); Michael Ensley (Committee Member) Subjects: Political Science

MA, Kent State University, 2020, College of Fine and Professional Arts / School of Music

This thesis explores the role and function of the Bandung Philharmonic as a unique impression in the symphony orchestra world and how its ventures into multicultural education forms bridges from the local to the global community. It further demonstrates the unique negotiations that the Bandung Philharmonic has to make in order to create an Indonesian identity through the utilization of the medium, and I argue that the orchestra's commitment to working with local composers, building a unique symphonic orchestra repertoire, and prioritizing the formation of a distinctively Indonesian orchestra, rejects the concept of orientalism and could be considered a marker of Indonesian identity. I begin by documenting the establishment of the orchestra in the modern era to understand how this newly formed orchestra situates itself in Indonesia while having full agency over its medium without a colonialist influence. I then examine its connections with the local community and show how the orchestra is dedicated to building a lasting legacy in Indonesian symphony orchestra music. Lastly, I reflect on the Bandung Philharmonic's endeavors as a professional symphonic orchestra deeply engaged in the community while revealing the option where an orchestra, of and by the community, can be successful by displaying the unique characteristics of its people.

Committee: Jennifer Johnstone PhD (Committee Chair); Jungho Kim DMA (Committee Member); Priwan Nanongkham PhD (Committee Member) Subjects: Ethnic Studies; History; Multicultural Education; Music; Music Education; South Asian Studies

Doctor of Education (EdD), Ohio University, 2020, Educational Administration (Education)

This is a narrative inquiry study that presented types of women's activism during and after the conflict in Aceh, Indonesia (1976-2005). The study sought to explain how divergent women's activism becomes possible against the backdrop of this conflict and how the establishment of peace alters the patterns of their activism. Women's activism here was confined to the theory of feminist popular education. The popular education uncovers strategies utilized by women activists to foster women's economic, social and political interests during these tumultuous periods. Insights from eight women activists leaders supported by observation and relevant documents were analyzed to gain a better understanding of Acehnese women's movement in the two periods--during the conflict (1998-2005) and the post-conflict tsunami recovery period (2005-2015). Gender in each period was explored to reflect the underpinning of women activists in manifesting their feminist agendas in two separate periods. Although the condition was threatening and the resources were scarce during the conflict, women groups in Aceh had taken risks to address practical and strategic needs of their fellow women. The conflict had deprived women of their rights to safety, education, livelihood, health care, and a safe space. Women activists manifested their ethics of care in a very calm and quiet way. In order to ensure women's safety, the popular education in the form of consciousness-raising occurred underground, in secretive forms, informal, and formal through existing organized groups. Beside organizing and educating their fellow women, women activists also educated the general public so that they could be informed of the politics of masculinity that perpetuated injustices that aggressively controlled women's actions. The conflict had called for women activists to take a collaborative approach to raise public consciousness on women's plights during the war, and their work was to empower every woman to step up to (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Dwan Robinson (Committee Chair); Adah Ward Randolph (Committee Member); Risa Whitson (Committee Member); Charles Lowery (Committee Member) Subjects: Adult Education; Asian Studies; Biographies; Cultural Anthropology; Education; Education Policy; Educational Leadership; Educational Theory; Gender; Gender Studies; History; International Law; International Relations; Islamic Studies; Peace Studies; Pedagogy; Philosophy; Political Science; Religion; Social Studies Education; Social Work; Womens Studies

Master of Science (MS), Wright State University, 2019, Biological Sciences

The coral reefs within Indonesia's Wakatobi Marine National Park support a high diversity of reef-building hard corals and associated marine fish. Climate change threatens to dramatically affect coral reef ecosystems by altering the interactions between reef fish and the specific microhabitats they depend on for survival. To examine the spatially varied effects of habitat complexity on the community composition and trophic structure of marine fish assemblages, I analyzed fish community and habitat complexity data across reef zones. Habitat complexity metrics were: structural complexity, the percentage of hard coral (HC) cover, HC genera richness, HC genera diversity (Shannon index), and HC growth form diversity (Shannon index). The community composition of fish assemblages was significantly positively related to habitat complexity, reef zones, and reef systems. This study found that the overall direction and strength of relationships between the fish community and coral reef habitat complexity data varies spatially between reef zones. Marine conservation and restoration efforts need to include specific management plans that vary among reef zones based on how varied habitat complexity and fish communities are at local scales.

Committee: Volker Bahn Ph.D. (Advisor); Thomas Rooney Ph.D. (Committee Member); Lisa Kenyon Ph.D. (Committee Member); Leonard Kenyon M.S. (Other) Subjects: Biology; Ecology; Environmental Management; Environmental Science; Natural Resource Management; Oceanography

Bachelor of Science of Communication Studies (BSC), Ohio University, 2019, Communication Studies

Social Networking Sites (SNS) are described as virtual spaces, detached from the physical public sphere, that allow users to express themselves freely. However, this assumption disregards the influence of the offline context in online interactions. This study focused on the province of Aceh, Indonesia to study whether the state's structures are reflected in users' self-presentation practices on SNS. The internet served as a tool to connect with and interview 18 Acehnese participants. Grounded Theory was applied to evaluate the elements that influence users' online self-presentation practices. This research revealed that, although individuals from Aceh regard SNS as a free space where they can express their true selves, their online engagement is regulated. They feel obliged to preserve social harmony, follow modesty expectations, reflect Islamic religiosity, and abide by Shari'a Law, which hinders their capacity to navigate social media unobtrusively. These presentational constraints suggest that social media use is deeply embedded in Acehnese culture and influenced by Islamic expectations and Shari'a Law.

Committee: Benjamin Bates (Advisor) Subjects: Communication

MS, Kent State University, 2019, College of Education, Health and Human Services / School of Health Sciences

PRANOTO, YOSEPHIN A., RD, May 2019 Nutrition PERCEPTION STUDY OF DIETITIANS, NUTRITION STUDENTS, AND EDUCATORS: POTENTIAL IMPLEMENTATION OF NUTRITION-FOCUSED PHYSICAL EXAMINATION (NFPE) IN INDONESIA (93 pp.) Director of Thesis: Karen Lowry Gordon, PhD, RD, LD Objective- To determine the perception of potential implementation of NFPE in Indonesia on dietitians, nutrition students, and educator. Sample- A convenience sample of dietitians, nutrition students, and educators in Indonesia. Instrument- An electronic questionnaire with 31 questions including demographic data, five points Likert scale perception responses, and one open-ended question were used for this study. Statistical analysis- Demographic data was summarized and presented in table of distribution frequencies, perception data from all three groups of participant were summed and then averaged. To test the hypothesis, simple ANOVA was used with significance level of P ≤ 0.05. Outcomes- The average perception score for dietitians, students, and educators was 4.14, 4.13, and 4.24 respectively (i.e. A score of five being the most positive). The scores fell between the statement of “agree” and “strongly agree”. Dietitians, nutrition students, and educators in Indonesia have a statistically similar perception score regarding the potential implementation of NFPE (p=0.118). The top five potential barriers listed from participant's answers are: inter-professional collaboration in clinical settings, lack of prior education and training about NFPE, limited availability of tools and resources to perform physical examination on patients, patients trust towards dietitian, and the high workload of a dietitian. Conclusion- There were no statistically significant difference between dietitians, nutrition students, and educator on their perception of potential implementation of NFPE in Indonesia. While initiating the NFPE education and training in both clinical settings and academic fields, severa (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Karen Gordon (Advisor); Natalie Caine-Bish (Committee Member); Tanya Falcone (Committee Member) Subjects: Health; Health Care Management; Health Sciences; Nutrition

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Ohio University, 2019, Mass Communication (Communication)

The purpose of this study was to analyze whether the Indonesian government uses social media to establish a dialogue with its public and to participate in a new public sphere facilitated by the Internet. A mixed-method approach of social network analysis(SNA), a survey, and focus group discussions were used to examine the Indonesian government communication model performed on social media, based on the symmetrical communication theory of public relations (Grunig & Grunig, 1992). A network analysis of the Indonesian government's social media conversation in daily communication, campaign communication, organizational crisis, and emergency communication (Mergel 2017) shows that two-way symmetrical communication has been implemented in a limited way. Two-way communication is performed only in daily communication when answering questions related to government services. A survey of the Indonesian government's social media officials (n= 252) at the ministry level revealed that the predominant model of government communication is one way communication in the form of disseminating positive information about the government and obtaining public attention. Additional models included two-way symmetrical communication, two-way asymmetrical communication, and the practice of dominating conversation. A regression analysis revealed that government PR practices on social media was influenced by the government's social media officials' knowledge of symmetrical communication, their positions in the organization, and the number of workshops they attended in the previous year. Focus group discussions of three government stakeholders—journalists, NGO workers, and communication professionals—confirmed the SNA and survey finding. It also revealed that dialogue between the government and its citizens occurred only when government was harshly criticized on social media. Additionally, the Indonesian government applied strategic activities to counter criticism by deleting negative comments a (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Drew McDaniel Prof (Advisor) Subjects: Communication; Mass Media

Doctor of Philosophy, The Ohio State University, 2018, Political Science

Since the 1980s, Asia has witnessed constant social policy expansion. Newly democratized countries show resemblance in terms of the route of coverage expansion. Due to authoritarian legacies, these countries undertook reform by expanding the already-existing Bismarckian-style contributory programs, most of which feature insurance rather than redistributive goals. Public sector workers have already been protected under these programs, so coverage reform mainly targeted private sector workers to close the protection gap. However, de jure coverage reform does not lead to de facto coverage expansion on the ground. Huge gaps between institutional designs and praxis exist across countries. What explains the mismatch? The mismatch between de jure institutional design and de facto implementation is partially due to the non-compliance behavior, which is the focus of the dissertation. I argue that the social foundation for Bismarckian-style social security programs no longer exists in Asia. The key reason is that the inter-temporal feature between contribution and benefit embedded in the Bismarckian-style contributory programs does not work well with flexible labor market structures, limiting the number of citizens participating in such programs. More specifically, I argue that labor market flexibility is conducive to workers' new career profiles, which are characterized by unstable earning patterns. Unstable income truncates citizens' time horizons and acts as a disincentive for contributing to social programs in which benefits can only be realized in the long run. Under the theoretical framework, several observable implications and sub-arguments are derived. First, people with unstable income are, in general, less likely to think about retirement due to their truncated time horizon. Second, unstable income should make people not participate in Bismarckian-style social programs, even if they are mandated to do so. Third, income level moderates the impact (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Sarah Brooks (Advisor); Sara Watson (Committee Member); Philipp Rehm (Committee Member); Jan Pierskalla (Committee Member) Subjects: Behavioral Sciences; Political Science