Master of Science in Electrical Engineering, Cleveland State University, 2021, Washkewicz College of Engineering

In this thesis, we draw attention to the problem of cross-service attacks, that is, attacks that exploit information collected about users from one service to launch an attack on the same users on another service. With the increased deployment and use of what fundamentally are integrated-services networks, such as 4G/LTE networks and now 5G, we expect that cross-service attacks will become easier to stage and therefore more prevalent. As running example to illustrate the effectiveness and the potential impact of cross-service attacks we will use the problem of account association in 4G/LTE networks. Account association attacks aim at determining whether a target mobile phone number is associated with a particular online account. In the case of 4G/LTE, the adversary launches the account association attacks by sending SMS messages to the target phone number and analyzing patterns in traffic related to the online account. We evaluate the proposed attacks in both a local 4G/LTE testbed and a major commercial 4G/LTE network. Our extensive experiments show that the proposed attacks can successfully identify account association with close-to-zero false negative and false positive rates. Our experiments also illustrate that the proposed attacks can be launched in a way that the victim receives no indication of being under attack.

Committee: Ye Zhu (Committee Chair); Yongjain Fu (Committee Member); Sui-Tung Yau (Committee Member) Subjects: Computer Engineering; Computer Science; Electrical Engineering; Information Technology; Technology

Bachelor of Sciences, Ohio University, 2017, Chemistry and Biochemistry

Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is used by law enforcement for fast, easy-to-use detection of explosives and drugs of abuse. The Barringer IonScan 350® has been designed for use by nonscientists. Interferents can cause false positive or negative errors. The use of reduced mobility can provide more information about the peaks detected by IMS. The use of Simple-to-use interactive self-modeling mixture analysis (SIMPLISMA) can separate the components of a sample to help determine the identity of the interferent and limit the number of false negative errors. For the detection of illicit drugs, it is important to correctly report the likelihood of errors so that appropriate further testing can be performed. In the case of a Barringer IonScan 400®, a 1% false positive rate is reported by Smiths in their advertising. Based on the drift time and the reduced mobility of benzocaine and lidocaine, they easily could be mistaken for cocaine during field testing.

Committee: Peter de B. Harrington (Advisor) Subjects: Chemistry

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Ohio University, 2010, Chemistry and Biochemistry (Arts and Sciences)

Rapid, practical, and low-cost analytical methods are always desirable in forensic analysis. Using proper sample preparation techniques with the application of gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), gas chromatography-differential mobility spectrometry (GC-DMS) and ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) with chemometric analysis, analytical methods were developed for fast and practical identification and classification of analytes in complicated matrices.GC-DMS was investigated as a tool for analysis of ignitable liquids from fire debris. The combined information afforded by gas chromatography and differential mobility spectrometry provided unique two-way patterns for each sample of ignitable liquid. Fuzzy rule-building expert system (FuRES) models constructed with the neat ignitable liquids identified the spiked samples from simulated fire debris with 99.07±0.04% accuracy. The performances of DMS as gas chromatographic detector was also compared with mass spectrometry (MS) using a chemometric tool, projected difference resolutions (PDRs). The PDR results show that one-way mass spectra data exhibit higher resolution than DMS data, while total ion chromatograms from GC-DMS show higher resolution than that from GC/MS for differentiating seven kinds of ignitable liquids. Direct methylation and solid phase microextraction (SPME) were used as a sample preparation technique for classification of bacteria based on fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) profiles. Compared with traditional chemical derivatization and liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), the method presented in this work avoids using inorganic and organic solvents and greatly decrease sample preparation time as well. The difference between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was clearly observed with the application of principal component analysis (PCA) of GC/MS data of bacterial FAMEs. The cross-validation study using ten bootstrap Latin partition (BLP) and fuzzy rule building expert system (FuRES) presented an 87 (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Peter Harrington (Advisor) Subjects: Analytical Chemistry

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Ohio University, 2004, Chemistry (Arts and Sciences)

Chemometrics has been recognized as a powerful tool for identification, classification, and interpretation of data in modern laboratories. In instrumental analysis, chemometrics is often concerned with multivariate measurements for which several independent variables contribute to the measured responses. In particular, ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) furnishes sensitive, fast, portable, and inexpensive sensors that have a wide variety of potential applications. Data compression is useful in IMS when data is being continually collected and analyzed in real-time, or when the data is to be transmitted using wireless technology. Nonlinear wavelet compression (NLWC) was developed and applied to ion mobility spectra from IMS instruments mounted in an unmanned aerial vehicle. To obtain a higher compression ratio, a two-dimensional nonlinear wavelet compression (2D-NLWC) was created and applied to the IMS data of chemical warfare simulants. However, modeling the data during the compression procedure itself is important. The algorithm of SIMPLe-to-use Interactive Self-modeling Mixture Analysis (SIMPLISMA) and alternating least squares (ALS) combined with 2D-NLWC, was designed to analyze the IMS data of chemical warfare simulants. Wavelet compression is beneficial when applied to mass spectra. Mass spectral profiles retain information regarding ion peak shapes. This information can be used to differentiate spectra from isomers or other structurally similar compounds. During the traditional process of integrating raw mass spectra into histograms, some useful information regarding ion peak shapes may be lost. However, without such integration, it is difficult for analytical instruments to process the large quantity of raw data. Wavelet compression was used to reduce the large size of the mass profiles while at the same time retaining the useful information of ion peak shapes. This dissertation concluded that the mass profiles after wavelet compression provided better projected (open full item for complete abstract)

Committee: Peter Harrington (Advisor) Subjects: