Doctor of Nursing Practice Degree Program in Population Health Leadership DNP, Xavier University, 2021, Nursing

Time banditry is defined as the misuse of time doing non-task related activities during paid work; this is also considered to be "stealing time" (Martin et al., 2010). Notably, time banditry may happen in all employment sectors and in various forms. Each time bandit steals time for a marginally diverse reason. Although the motives may be different between individuals, the concept is the same. This DNP project implemented an Electronic Visit Verification (EVV) system to replace the existing time management methods used by organizations. The goal was to facilitate consistency in the duties of CNAs who cared for homebound elderly residents and reduce time banditry. EVV is a computer-based software that enables real-time touchscreen smartphone contact between workers (CNAs) and the managers (nursing supervisor). EVV functions as a medium to monitor home care workers' attendance, current client situation, data entry, and care plan coordinating. CNAs log-in at the time of arrival at the work location indicating the start of work and log out at end of work – completing task. The clients are expected to countersign with the CNAs to confirm agreement with time entry. Findings from the outcome of patient surveys suggests that customers verbalize satisfaction with the EVV use because CNAs are arriving to work on time, staying for the entire scheduled shift, and completing task. Stakeholders state that billing is more accurate and organizational growth becomes promising.

Committee: Susie R. Allen Ph.D., RN-BC (Advisor) Subjects: Health; Health Care; Health Care Management; Health Sciences; Nursing

Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.), Xavier University, 2021, Psychology

Formal and informal caregivers experience both negative and positive aspects of caregiving, such as burnout and compassion satisfaction. However, the existing literature primarily focuses on the experiences of family caregivers and nurses, but neglects nursing assistants. This study examined the relationships among personality, burnout, compassion satisfaction, work engagement, and job satisfaction in a sample of certified nursing assistants (CNAs) employed in healthcare settings. Additionally, this study compared CNA data collected prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants completed self-report surveys measuring burnout, compassion satisfaction, personality factors, work engagement, job satisfaction, intent to quit, and demographics. Results indicated significant positive relationships between compassion satisfaction and agreeableness and extraversion, as well as between burnout and neuroticism. Significant negative relationships were found between burnout and agreeableness and extraversion, as well as between compassion satisfaction and neuroticism. Work engagement and job satisfaction were not found to moderate these relationships. CNAs who participated prior to the COVID-19 pandemic reported lower burnout and higher compassion satisfaction compared to CNAs who participated during the pandemic. However, there were no differences in job satisfaction or intent to quit. The current study provided novel information about CNA personality, burnout, compassion satisfaction, and levels of job satisfaction and work engagement. The findings may be useful in developing interventions for CNAs to bolster compassion satisfaction and decrease burnout to potentially reduce turnover rates.

Committee: Renee Zucchero Ph.D. (Committee Chair); McCarren Heather Ph.D. (Committee Member); Nagy Mark Ph.D. (Committee Member) Subjects: Nursing; Occupational Psychology; Personality; Psychology; Public Health