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Towards the Translatability of Dynamic Measurements Afforded by Electrochemical, Aptamer-based Sensors

Belmonte, Israel
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8716-7692
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1659530349262252

Abstract Details

2022, PhD, University of Cincinnati, Arts and Sciences: Chemistry.
Electrochemical aptamer-based (E-AB) sensors are a class of biosensors that employ single-stranded DNA or RNA oligonucleotides as recognition elements. Signal transduction for this class of sensor relies on a conformation change of these aptamers in the presence of a target that alters the collisional frequency of a 3’-redox reporter. The E-AB sensor platform employing the tethered modified oligonucleotide affords dynamic measurements of analytes of interest that can be used for innovative, relevant detection of analytes. As such, electrochemical biosensors that employ oligonucleotides as recognition elements, require integration into other sensing platforms like microfluidics to exploit the dynamic, reagentless measurements afforded by this class of sensors, further optimization of the sensor in changing temperatures, and applications of the sensors in a useful way which will allow them to transcend from the lab to point-of-care (POC) or medical diagnostics. This dissertation describes several ways in which the dynamic measurements of these sensors can be used to help them transcend from the lab to POC or medical diagnostics. The integration of this class of sensors into a microfluidic device using 3D printing to make microfluidic molds affords rapid prototyping of different microfluidic architectures, coupled with epoxy-embedded electrodes that use a three-electrode setup, and fabricating E-AB sensors under flow conditions to exploit the dynamic measurements afforded by E-AB sensors. Additionally, E-AB sensor signaling was characterized at different temperatures to better understand how temperature changes affect sensor response. The sensors were interrogated in the absence of and with target analyte within a temperature window of 1°C to 37°C. The chapter looks into how temperature affects sensor signaling, signal polarity, and binding affinity within the chosen temperature range. Finally, the last half of this dissertation demonstrates the capability of an E-AB sensor specific to ATP can be used to monitor the release of ATP from astrocytes from various brain regions. The dynamic, specific, and sensitive measurements afforded by this class of sensors can be used to make in-vitro measurements which can help with the transition from predominantly being used in labs to real-world applications. Overall, being able to effectively integrate this class of affinity-based sensors that allow for dynamic measurements into different platforms like microfluidics rapidly and at a low cost along with better characterizing their signaling at different temperatures and demonstrating their applicability for biological measurements can help with the development of new, innovative diagnostic capabilities. More broadly, I have provided a way to use the dynamic measurement capabilities of this class of sensors to help them transition to real-world and practical applications.
Ryan White, Ph.D. (Committee Member)
Ashley Ross, Ph.D. (Committee Member)
Elke Buschbeck, Ph.D. (Committee Member)
Noe Alvarez, Ph.D. (Committee Member)
63 p.
Chemistry
Electrochemistry; Aptamers; biosensors; translatability; astrocytes; gliotransmission

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Belmonte, I. (2022). Towards the Translatability of Dynamic Measurements Afforded by Electrochemical, Aptamer-based Sensors [Doctoral dissertation, University of Cincinnati]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1659530349262252

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Belmonte, Israel. Towards the Translatability of Dynamic Measurements Afforded by Electrochemical, Aptamer-based Sensors. 2022. University of Cincinnati, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1659530349262252.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Belmonte, Israel. "Towards the Translatability of Dynamic Measurements Afforded by Electrochemical, Aptamer-based Sensors." Doctoral dissertation, University of Cincinnati, 2022. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1659530349262252

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

ucin1659530349262252
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This open access ETD is published by University of Cincinnati and OhioLINK.