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An analysis of NOx and PM emissions in idling and moving conditions of buses with EGR and Non-EGR engines running on biodiesel

Yarlagadda, Manideep
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7303-7523
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1481286472121522

Abstract Details

2016, Master of Science, University of Toledo, Civil Engineering.
Biodiesel is an alternate to diesel for transit buses due to its environmental benefits. However, NOx and particulate matter emissions may be an issue in the use of biodiesel. The major objective of this experimental thesis was to study tail pipe emissions from transit buses during daily routine operations. This thesis focuses on the trends of NOx and particulate matter emissions collected from buses with EGR and NON-EGR engines during their total run times. To further categorize and elaborate our findings, the run time was divided into both idling and running conditions. In order to achieve comprehensive results, the idling and running conditions were further segregated into two different cases, i.e., cold idling and hot idling conditions. The running conditions were divided into acceleration, deceleration, motion in variable speeds and partial idle modes. The NOx emission values were collected and analyzed for all the conditions and modes described above. The particulate matter emissions were collected and analyzed in idle conditions. It was learned that hotter engines produced lower emissions when compared to cold engine conditions. The experiments and analysis of NOx emissions concluded that maximum emissions were found in the acceleration condition. A Mexa-720 Horiba NOx analyzer was used to measure NOx emissions and Cummins in-site 6 equipment and software program were used for engine data collection during the field study. The experiments were carried out on both transit buses with EGR and NON-EGR engines. The particulate matter emissions collection was carried out with quartz filter papers and a CATCH CAN instrument. An EDS X-Max 50mm2 / FEI Quanta 3D FEG Dual Beam Electron Microscope was used for the EDS analysis of PM emissions and the ICP-MS was carried out using Xseries 2. The transit buses are used by Toledo Area Regional Transit Authority (TARTA). Both the buses were fueled with B5 grade biodiesel without making any engine modifications and the study was conducted during the summer and fall of 2015. The emission values were collected along with the consideration of various engine parameters such as engine temperature, exhaust gas pressure, fuel flow rate command, diesel oxidation catalyst intake temperature and the diesel particulate filter intake temperature. The collected NOx emission values were analyzed, as a function of time, with the help of three different regression techniques and obtained the best results with the Random Forest Regression algorithm. A NOx emission prediction model was established as a function of the engine parameters using the field data and regression results. Elemental analysis was performed on the particulate matter emissions and it was concluded that trace metal and carbon concentrations were higher in the NON-EGR engine buses in comparison to the EGR engine buses.
Dr. ASHOK KUMAR (Committee Chair)
Dr. DONG-SHIK KIM (Committee Co-Chair)
Dr. LIANGBO HU (Committee Member)
95 p.
Chemical Engineering; Civil Engineering; Environmental Engineering
NOx, EGR, ANN, PM, ICP-MS, EDS-SEM

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Citations

  • Yarlagadda, M. (2016). An analysis of NOx and PM emissions in idling and moving conditions of buses with EGR and Non-EGR engines running on biodiesel [Master's thesis, University of Toledo]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1481286472121522

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Yarlagadda, Manideep. An analysis of NOx and PM emissions in idling and moving conditions of buses with EGR and Non-EGR engines running on biodiesel . 2016. University of Toledo, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1481286472121522.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Yarlagadda, Manideep. "An analysis of NOx and PM emissions in idling and moving conditions of buses with EGR and Non-EGR engines running on biodiesel ." Master's thesis, University of Toledo, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1481286472121522

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

toledo1481286472121522
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This open access ETD is published by University of Toledo and OhioLINK.
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