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Integrative Approach in Biochemical Sensing

Liu, Tzu-Li
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6595-8517
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1720799418405234

Abstract Details

2024, Doctor of Philosophy, Ohio State University, Materials Science and Engineering.
This dissertation presents biochemical sensing systems for wearable, implantable, and high-resolution chemical sensing applications. By integrating biorecognition elements, sensing interfaces, and wireless communication strategies, we aim to provide a low-cost, reliable, and highly accurate platform for real-time biochemical monitoring in clinical and experimental settings. We first demonstrate a wireless sensing system that is miniaturized, lightweight, and compatible with common biochemical sensing interfaces. Inspired by RF tuning circuits, our simple circuit design allows battery-free operation and accurate monitoring of multiple biomarkers. The modular design separates the inductive coupling unit and the electrochemical sensing interface, minimizing strain-induced changes and ensuring accurate recording. This system is compatible with common electrochemical sensing methods, including ion-sensitive membranes (ISM), aptamer-based sensors, and enzymatic interfaces. And allow for the detection of ions, neurotransmitters, and metabolites across different application scenarios. For instance, a "smart necklace" consists of glucose sensors, that are capable of wirelessly detecting sweat glucose during exercise. A wearable skin patch monitored cortisol levels in sweat showcases the functional adaptability for stress-related biomarker detection. Additionally, a miniaturized implant prototype illustrated the potential for continuous in vivo monitoring. Our work also introduces a portable vector network analyzer (pVNA) designed to overcome the size limitations of traditional VNAs. This research provides the design and working principle for a wearable reader, which allows for real-time monitoring of resonance frequency and Q factor of the inductive coupling wireless sensor. Furthermore, we introduce “NeuroThread”, a neurotransmitter-sensing platform that utilizes the cross-section of commercially available ultrathin microwires to serve as microelectrode. This cost-effective method eliminates the use of microfabrication procedures while enabling the monitoring of biomarkers with minimal invasiveness. To demonstrate the concept, this study utilizes in benchtop, ex vivo, and in vivo experiments to confirm the utility in detecting the dynamics of glutamate, an important excitatory neurotransmitter. The findings suggest that NeuroThread can serve as a low-cost and minimally invasive bioanalytical tool for the real-time monitoring of biosignals, making it a practical and appealing choice for research and clinical applications. Finally, we propose a light addressable electrode (LAE) for high-resolution biochemical mapping. This flexible, silicon-based sensor leverages localized light exposure to control electrochemical reactions, enabling precise mapping of biochemical concentrations. The mechanical evaluations confirm the robustness of the system, which makes it suitable for dynamic environments and in vivo applications. In conclusion, this dissertation presents the building blocks for integrated sensing system that can monitor biochemical signals in real time. The components (sensing interfaces, fabrication methods, and wireless communication strategies) can be utilized for different application scenarios: wearable, implantable, and systems capable of high-resolution chemical analysis. This work sets the stage for future developments in personalized healthcare, with potential applications in diagnostics, treatment, and continuous health monitoring.
Jinghua Li (Advisor)
Heather Powell (Committee Member)
Pelagia-Irene Gouma (Committee Member)
Engineering; Materials Science; Nanoscience; Neurosciences
Biosensor; Wearable; Implantable; Wireless; Electrochemical; Sensor; Wireless; Biochemical; Neuro; Flexible sensor

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Liu, T.-L. (2024). Integrative Approach in Biochemical Sensing [Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1720799418405234

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Liu, Tzu-Li. Integrative Approach in Biochemical Sensing. 2024. Ohio State University, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1720799418405234.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Liu, Tzu-Li. "Integrative Approach in Biochemical Sensing." Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, 2024. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1720799418405234

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

osu1720799418405234
© 2024, all rights reserved.
This open access ETD is published by The Ohio State University and OhioLINK.