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Three Essays on Agricultural Economics

Chandio, Rabail
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3959-7986
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1689904699243239

Abstract Details

2023, Doctor of Philosophy, Ohio State University, Agricultural, Environmental and Developmental Economics.
From a farmer to a policymaker, various stakeholders influence and are affected by the agricultural environment. This dissertation includes three essays that delve into the decision-making within the agricultural environment, exploring the incentives and outcomes for the stakeholders involved. With a focus on countries significant for global agriculture and food supply, these essays have important implications domestically and for the United States. My first essay evaluates herding as a potential source of bias in the USDA’s international baseline projections. As USDA’s annual Agricultural Baseline Projections contribute significantly to agricultural policy in the United States, their accuracy is vital. Although the bias in the baselines has been documented in the literature, its sources have not been evaluated yet. I propose herding, a behavioral phenomenon, as a potential bias-inducing choice in the preparation of the projections. My results provide strong evidence for the herding of projection trends toward the United States and suggest that herding is rational and error-reducing only for corn yield and wheat import projections but not for other crops and variables, thereby impacting not only the agricultural policy in the US but also global agricultural markets. The second essay evaluates the impact of an environmental policy that restricts land use for farmers in the context of the Brazilian Amazon, an area of crucial importance for global food supply. By analyzing the effects on both landowning farmers and landless peasants, this study examines the incentives generated and their subsequent influence on illegal occupations and land conflicts. The findings suggest that the policy leads to an increase in illegal occupations while decreasing land conflicts. Furthermore, by exploring heterogeneity in the impact relative to land values, I find that landowning farmers and squatters both make strategic choices about whether to engage in conflict depending on the value of the land being contested. In the final essay, I focus on farmers’ profitability during the Indian green revolution, a transformative period in agricultural development. This study explores the evolution of the well-established inverse size-productivity relationship over the three decades spanning the green revolution and explores the contribution of new technologies to it. The implications extend beyond India, as agricultural productivity and economic outcomes in India have a direct impact on global food supply and trade, including potential consequences for other nations undergoing agricultural advancements. Together, these three essays contribute to the field of agricultural economics by examining decision-making aspects and their ramifications in the agricultural environment of the United States and the countries that are major trade partners of the United States.
Ani Katchova (Advisor)
Brian Roe (Committee Member)
Leah Bevis (Advisor)
117 p.
Agriculture; Economics; Environmental Economics
agricultural policy, forecast evaluation, USDA, baseline projections, Brazil, deforestation, conflicts, occupations, policy evaluation, synthetic controls, India, Green Revolution, inverse relationship, IR, size productivity, size profitability, ARISREDS, high yielding varieties

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Chandio, R. (2023). Three Essays on Agricultural Economics [Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1689904699243239

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Chandio, Rabail. Three Essays on Agricultural Economics. 2023. Ohio State University, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1689904699243239.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Chandio, Rabail. "Three Essays on Agricultural Economics." Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, 2023. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1689904699243239

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

osu1689904699243239
226
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This open access ETD is published by The Ohio State University and OhioLINK.