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Interacting Influence of Log Jams and Branching Channels on Hyporheic Exchange Revealed through Laboratory Flume and Numerical Modeling Experiments

Wilhelmsen, Karl J
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1619003829890976

Abstract Details

2021, Master of Science, Ohio State University, Earth Sciences.
Log jams are natural features in mountain streams that promote stream-groundwater interactions, or hyporheic exchange, through a variety of mechanisms. Log jams alter gradients in hydraulic head, increase the area available for exchange by creating backwater areas, and lead to the formation of branching channels and bars that drive additional exchange. Here, I numerically simulated stream-groundwater interactions for two constructed flume systems—one without jams and one with a series of three jams—to understand the effects of interacting jam and channel structures on hyporheic exchange. Jams increased stream-groundwater connectivity, or decreased the turnover length that stream water travels before it enters the hyporheic zone, by an order of magnitude and drove long flow paths that connected multiple jams and channel threads. The increased turnover of stream water through the bed was due mainly to the increase in the average hyporheic exchange rate, though the wetted surface area available for exchange also increased slightly. Jams with larger volumes had longer hyporheic residence times and path lengths that exhibited multiple scales of exchange. Additionally, the longest flow paths connecting multiple jams occurred in the reach with multiple channel branches. These findings suggest that large gains in hydrologic connectivity can be achieved by promoting in-stream wood accumulation and the natural formation of both jams and branching channels.
Audrey Sawyer (Advisor)
Michael Durand (Committee Member)
Joachim Moortgat (Committee Member)
55 p.
Geomorphology; Hydrologic Sciences; Hydrology
hyporheic; log jams; jams; hydrology; hydrologic model

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Wilhelmsen, K. J. (2021). Interacting Influence of Log Jams and Branching Channels on Hyporheic Exchange Revealed through Laboratory Flume and Numerical Modeling Experiments [Master's thesis, Ohio State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1619003829890976

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Wilhelmsen, Karl. Interacting Influence of Log Jams and Branching Channels on Hyporheic Exchange Revealed through Laboratory Flume and Numerical Modeling Experiments. 2021. Ohio State University, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1619003829890976.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Wilhelmsen, Karl. "Interacting Influence of Log Jams and Branching Channels on Hyporheic Exchange Revealed through Laboratory Flume and Numerical Modeling Experiments." Master's thesis, Ohio State University, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1619003829890976

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

osu1619003829890976
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This open access ETD is published by The Ohio State University and OhioLINK.