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New Mixed-Mode Chireix Outphasing Theory and Frequency-Agile Clockwise-Loaded Class-J Theory for High Efficiency Power Amplifiers

Chang, Hsiu-Chen
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9137-5670
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1606831596509502

Abstract Details

2020, Doctor of Philosophy, Ohio State University, Electrical and Computer Engineering.
A new design methodology providing optimal mixed-mode operation for dual-input class-F outphasing Chireix amplifiers is presented. The design starts with single-transistor class-F simulations at the intrinsic I-V reference planes to directly select the optimal peak and backoff resistive loads Rmin and Rmax and input RF gate drives yielding the best combination of efficiencies and output powers without needing to perform a load pull simulation or measurement. New analytic equations expressed only in terms of Rmin and Rmax are given for designing the Chireix combiner at the current source reference planes. Nonlinear embedding is then used to predict the incident power and multi-harmonic source and load impedances required at the package reference planes to physically implement the power amplifier (PA). An analytic formula solely expressed in terms of Rmin and Rmax is reported for the peak and backoff outphasing angles required at the PA input reference planes. A Chireix outphasing PA designed with two 15-W GaN HEMTs exhibits a peak efficiency of 72.58% with peak power of 43.97 dBm and a 8-dB backoff efficiency of 75.22% at 1.9 GHz. Measurements with 10-MHz LTE signals with 9.6-dB PAPR yield 59.4% average drain efficiency at 1.9 GHz while satisfying the 3GPP linearity requirements. A novel frequency-agile PA designed with a modified class-J theory enforcing constant maximum and minimum instantaneous drain voltages for all frequencies is presented. The resulting high efficiency class-J mode which requires a reconfigurable drain supply exhibits clockwise fundamental and second harmonic load impedance trajectories versus frequency facilitating the PA design. This clockwise-loaded class-J (CLCJ) mode enables frequency-agile capability with enhanced efficiency when the proper drain supply voltage co-designed with the clockwise fundamental and harmonic loads is applied. A broadband power amplifier designed with a clockwise-loaded class-J theory is selected for demonstrating the broadband input second-harmonic injection with an embedded broadband diplexer. The CLCJ PA designed from 0.8 to 2.4 GHz exhibits measured drain efficiency in 57 - 78% and 61 - 86% ranges, when operated in low and high compression, respectively. To validate the frequency agility, 3G (3.84 MHz), 4G (20 MHz) and 5G (100 MHz) modulated signals were measured at different operating frequencies from 0.8 to 2.4 GHz. The drain efficiency enhancement for continuous-mode power amplifiers using broadband input second-harmonic injection is presented. A broadband power amplifier (1.3-2.4 GHz) designed with a clockwise-loaded class-J theory is selected for demonstrating the broadband input second-harmonic injection (2.6-4.8 GHz) with an embedded broadband diplexer. The drain efficiency enhancement increases by 9.4% in average within 1.3 - 2.4 GHz using CW signal. At 2 GHz, the average drain efficiency improved from 53% to 68% for CW signals and from 56.6% to 66.3% for a frequency-modulated 30 MHz chirp radar signal with second-harmonic injection.
Patrick Roblin (Advisor)
Ayman Fayed (Committee Member)
Waleed Khalil (Committee Member)
149 p.
Electrical Engineering
Broadband diplexer, Chireix, class-J, combiner, continuous mode, efficiency enhancement, embedding, frequency-agile, GaN, harmonic injection, high efficiency, outphasing, power amplifier, tunable supply voltage, waveform engineering

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Chang, H.-C. (2020). New Mixed-Mode Chireix Outphasing Theory and Frequency-Agile Clockwise-Loaded Class-J Theory for High Efficiency Power Amplifiers [Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1606831596509502

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Chang, Hsiu-Chen. New Mixed-Mode Chireix Outphasing Theory and Frequency-Agile Clockwise-Loaded Class-J Theory for High Efficiency Power Amplifiers. 2020. Ohio State University, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1606831596509502.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Chang, Hsiu-Chen. "New Mixed-Mode Chireix Outphasing Theory and Frequency-Agile Clockwise-Loaded Class-J Theory for High Efficiency Power Amplifiers." Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1606831596509502

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

osu1606831596509502
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This open access ETD is published by The Ohio State University and OhioLINK.