Skip to Main Content
 

Global Search Box

 
 
 
 

ETD Abstract Container

Abstract Header

Differences in Diet Quality and Concurrent Chronic Diseases by Level of Glycemic Control in US Adults

Fanelli, Stephanie Marissa

Abstract Details

2019, Master of Science, Ohio State University, Allied Medicine.
Background: Along with rising rates of diabetes come increased prevalence of common comorbidities: obesity, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension. Diet is a key element in the prevention and treatment of such diseases. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify differences in diet quality by degree of glycemic control and chronic diseases in a nationally representative sample of adults. Methods: Dietary, anthropometric, and laboratory data from 23,708 adults, aged 31 years and older, were gathered from the 2005-2016 NHANES. Glycated hemoglobin (%A1c) classified participants by level of glycemic control: Normal glycemia (<5.7%); prediabetes (5.7-6.4%); controlled diabetes (6.5-6.9%); and poorly controlled diabetes (≥7%). Dietary data gathered from 24-hour recalls were used to calculate diet quality (HEI-2015) by glycemic level. Chronic disease prevalence was evaluated for overweight or obesity (BMI ≥25), hyperlipidemia (total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dL), and hypertension (BP ≥120/80 mm Hg). Results: Rates of hypertension and obesity were highest in adults with diabetes, where more than 50% presented with hypertension and over 90% with overweight or obesity. Prevalence of hyperlipidemia was greatest in the prediabetes group. Adults with diabetes had significantly poorer diet quality than those with normal glycemia, and overall diet quality was lower in the presence of hypertension and overweight or obesity. Conclusions: Adults with diabetes had higher rates of chronic diseases and poorer diet quality than adults with normal glycemia. Furthermore, diet quality was poorer when another chronic disease was present. These findings support the need for nutrition therapy to target overall diet quality in the population with diabetes.
Christopher Taylor (Advisor)
Jessica Krok-Schoen (Committee Member)
Randell Wexler (Committee Member)
71 p.

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Fanelli, S. M. (2019). Differences in Diet Quality and Concurrent Chronic Diseases by Level of Glycemic Control in US Adults [Master's thesis, Ohio State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu155542411241737

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Fanelli, Stephanie. Differences in Diet Quality and Concurrent Chronic Diseases by Level of Glycemic Control in US Adults. 2019. Ohio State University, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu155542411241737.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Fanelli, Stephanie. "Differences in Diet Quality and Concurrent Chronic Diseases by Level of Glycemic Control in US Adults." Master's thesis, Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu155542411241737

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)