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A SYSTEMATIC AND BIOGEOGRAPHIC STUDY OF THE CLAM SHRIMP GENUS EULIMNADIA PACKARD, 1874 (BRANCHIOPODA: SPINICAUDATA: LIMNADIIDAE) AND AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE EVOLUTION AND MAINTENANCE OF ANDRODIOECY IN EULIMNADIA DAHLI DAKIN, 1914

Reed, Sadie Kathleen
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1371586756

Abstract Details

2013, PHD, Kent State University, College of Arts and Sciences / Department of Biological Sciences.
The clam shrimp genus Eulimnadia is a cosmopolitan taxon comprising approximately 54 species (Brtek 1997; Martin & Belk 1989; Roessler 1990; Pereira & Garcia 2001; Durga-Prasad & Simahachalam 2004; Simahachalam 2004, 2005; Timms & McLay 2005; Babu & Nandan 2010; Rogers et al. 2010). It is the most speciose spinicaudatan genus and is of particular interest due to its exhibition of an extremely rare mating system - androdioecy (Weeks et al. 2006; Weeks 2012). Androdioecy is the co-occurrence of males and hermaphrodites in populations in the absence of true females. The evolutionary benefits of such a makeup are unclear. Males can play an important role in hermaphroditic populations to avoid inbreeding depression and to supplement male allocation in sperm-limited hermaphrodites (Wolf & Takebayashi, 2004). Yet males have difficulty invading hermaphroditic populations because of reduced mating opportunities due to the ability of hermaphrodites to self-fertilize. This requires males to more than double their mating success (i.e., successful fertilizations) relative to hermaphrodites to effectively invade the population. Theoretical models of mating system evolution that have incorporated these constraints show that androdioecy is unlikely to evolve, and that those few cases found in nature are likely to be short-term, transitional populations that are evolving from hermaphroditism to dioecy, or vice versa (Lloyd, 1975; Charlesworth, 1984). The rarity of androdioecious mating systems was exemplified when Charlesworth (1984) showed most of the species described as androdioecious to that date were actually functionally dioecious. Pannell (2002) reviewed six plant species that are truly androdioecious, and Weeks et al. (2006) reviewed androdioecy in the animal kingdom and documented this mating system in one chordate, seven nematodes, and 28 crustacean species. Weeks et al. (2006) present four additional androdioecious crustaceans. Within the Crustacea, the clam shrimp genus Eulimnadia represents the most widespread occurrence of androdioecy within any one generic taxon with 16 species confirmed as androdioecious (Weeks et al. 2005, 2006, 2008, 2012). For this reason, the genus Eulimnadia presents a unique opportunity to study this rare mating system. My PhD dissertation research comprises three projects with the objective of furthering our understanding of this interesting genus and unique mating system. The first project (Chapter II) is the construction of a molecular phylogeny of the genus Eulimnadia utilizing nuclear and mitochondrial markers to investigate infra-generic relationships and to explore the validity of current taxonomic delimitations. The second project (Chapter III) aims to evaluate Eulimnadia species distributional patterns in a biogeographic context to gain insight into the evolution of androdioecy throughout the genus. The third project (Chapter IV) is an empirical field test of Pannell’s (1997, 2000) metapopulation model of the maintenance of androdioecy using E. dahli populations occurring on granite outcrops in Western Australia. These studies will contribute to our knowledge of this interesting crustacean genus and further our understanding of the evolution and maintenance of androdioecy.
Stephen Weeks (Advisor)
Walter Hoeh (Committee Co-Chair)
Lisa Park (Committee Member)
Alison Smith (Committee Member)
104 p.
Biology; Ecology
androdioecy; Eulimnadia; metapopulation; phylogeny

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Reed, S. K. (2013). A SYSTEMATIC AND BIOGEOGRAPHIC STUDY OF THE CLAM SHRIMP GENUS EULIMNADIA PACKARD, 1874 (BRANCHIOPODA: SPINICAUDATA: LIMNADIIDAE) AND AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE EVOLUTION AND MAINTENANCE OF ANDRODIOECY IN EULIMNADIA DAHLI DAKIN, 1914 [Doctoral dissertation, Kent State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1371586756

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Reed, Sadie. A SYSTEMATIC AND BIOGEOGRAPHIC STUDY OF THE CLAM SHRIMP GENUS EULIMNADIA PACKARD, 1874 (BRANCHIOPODA: SPINICAUDATA: LIMNADIIDAE) AND AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE EVOLUTION AND MAINTENANCE OF ANDRODIOECY IN EULIMNADIA DAHLI DAKIN, 1914. 2013. Kent State University, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1371586756.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Reed, Sadie. "A SYSTEMATIC AND BIOGEOGRAPHIC STUDY OF THE CLAM SHRIMP GENUS EULIMNADIA PACKARD, 1874 (BRANCHIOPODA: SPINICAUDATA: LIMNADIIDAE) AND AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE EVOLUTION AND MAINTENANCE OF ANDRODIOECY IN EULIMNADIA DAHLI DAKIN, 1914." Doctoral dissertation, Kent State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1371586756

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

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This open access ETD is published by Kent State University and OhioLINK.
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