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Effect of Convection Associated with Cross-section Change during Directional Solidification of Binary Alloys on Dendritic Array Morphology and Macrosegregation

Ghods, Masoud
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8486-656X
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1500217305972883

Abstract Details

2017, Doctor of Engineering, Cleveland State University, Washkewicz College of Engineering.
This dissertation explores the role of different types of convection on macrosegregation and on dendritic array morphology of two aluminum alloys directionally solidified through cylindrical graphite molds having both cross-section decrease and increase. Al- 19 wt. % Cu and Al-7 wt. % Si alloys were directionally solidified at two growth speed of 10 and 29.1 µm s-1 and examined for longitudinal and radial macrosegregation, and for primary dendrite spacing and dendrite trunk diameter. Directional solidification of these alloys through constant cross-section showed clustering of primary dendrites and parabolic-shaped radial macrosegregation profile, indicative of “steepling convection” in the mushy-zone. The degree of radial macrosegregation increased with decreased growth speed. The Al- 19 wt. % Cu samples, grown under similar conditions as Al-7 wt. % Si, showed more radial macrosegregation because of more intense “stepling convection” caused by their one order of magnitude larger coefficient of solutal expansion. Positive macrosegregation right before, followed by negative macrosegregation right after an abrupt cross-section decrease (from 9.5 mm diameter to 3.2 mm diameter), were observed in both alloys; this is because of the combined effect of thermosolutal convection and area-change-driven shrinkage flow in the contraction region. The degree of macrosegregation was found to be higher in the Al- 19 wt. % Cu samples. Strong area-change-driven shrinkage flow changes the parabolic-shape radial macrosegregation in the larger diameter section before contraction to “S-shaped” profile. But in the smaller diameter section after the contraction very low degree of radial macrosegregation was found. The samples solidified through an abrupt cross-section increase (from 3.2 mm diameter to 9.5 mm diameter) showed negative macrosegregation right after the cross-section increase on the expansion platform. During the transition to steady-state after the expansion, radial macrosegregation profile in locations close to the expansion was found to be “S-shaped”. This is attributed to the redistribution of solute-rich liquid ahead of the mushy-zone as it transitions from the narrow portion below into the large diameter portion above. Solutal remelting and fragmentation of dendrite branches, and floating of these fragmented pieces appear to be responsible for spurious grains formation in Al- 19 wt. % Cu samples after the cross-section expansion. New grain formation was not observed in Al-7 wt. % Si in similar locations; it is believed that this is due to the sinking of the fragmented dendrite branches in this alloy. Experimentally observed radial and axial macrosegregations agree well with the results obtained from the numerical simulations carried out by Dr. Mark Lauer and Prof. David R. Poirier at the University of Arizona. Trunk Diameter (TD) of dendritic array appears to respond more readily to the changing growth conditions as compared to the Nearest Neighbor Spacing (NNS) of primary dendrites.
Surendra Tewari, Ph.D. (Advisor)
Jorge Gatica, Ph.D. (Committee Member)
Orhan Talu, Ph.D. (Committee Member)
Rolf Lustig, Ph.D. (Committee Member)
Kiril Streletzky, Ph.D. (Committee Member)
Aerospace Materials; Automotive Materials; Chemical Engineering; Condensed Matter Physics; Engineering; Fluid Dynamics; High Temperature Physics; Materials Science; Metallurgy
Directional Solidification; Natural Convection; Fluid Flow; Binary Alloys; Macrosegregation; Dendritic Array; Dendrite Morphology; Solutal Remelting; Thermosolutal Convection; Aluminum Alloy; Cross section Change

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Ghods, M. (2017). Effect of Convection Associated with Cross-section Change during Directional Solidification of Binary Alloys on Dendritic Array Morphology and Macrosegregation [Doctoral dissertation, Cleveland State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1500217305972883

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Ghods, Masoud. Effect of Convection Associated with Cross-section Change during Directional Solidification of Binary Alloys on Dendritic Array Morphology and Macrosegregation. 2017. Cleveland State University, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1500217305972883.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Ghods, Masoud. "Effect of Convection Associated with Cross-section Change during Directional Solidification of Binary Alloys on Dendritic Array Morphology and Macrosegregation." Doctoral dissertation, Cleveland State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1500217305972883

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

csu1500217305972883
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This open access ETD is published by Cleveland State University and OhioLINK.