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Health Risk Assessment of Potential Heavy Metals Contamination in Specialty Crops Grown in Soils Amended with Dredged Material

Oyewumi, Olusola Emmanuel
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1703683403579599

Abstract Details

2024, Master of Science (MS), Bowling Green State University, Geology.
Yearly, millions of tons of sediments are dredged from USA lakes and federal navigation channels to maintain the economic activity of ports and harbors. About 1.5 million cubic yards of dredged sediment are excavated yearly from the Western Lake Erie Basin, Ohio. Following the prohibition on dumping dredged material into open water, the State of Ohio recommends finding several beneficial uses for this material, including using the sediment as farm soil amendment. My research examined the health risk assessment of potential heavy metal contamination in specialty crops grown in soils amended with dredged material. The research objectives were to (1) determine the potential bioaccumulation of organic (PAHs) and inorganic (heavy metals) contaminants in specialty crops, (2) determine the expected daily intake of metals, ecological risk coefficient, health risk index, transfer factor, and their implications in soil and human health, and (3) provide insights on ecological and agricultural implications when dredged sediments are used as farm soil amendment. Our soil blends consisted of 100% farm soil, 90% farm soil/10% dredged sediment, and 100% dredged sediment. The ecological risk assessment index (taking into consideration the metal toxicity) indicated that Pb, As, Zn, Cr, Ni, Co, and Cu were below the threshold value of 40 (unitless). Values below 40 represent lower sensitive toxicity to organisms when exposed to the specific metal. Our results indicated a small translocation of Al, Co, Cr, Fe, Mn, Pb, Ni, and Zn into the edible biomass from the mixture soil as reported by the translocation factor. Only arsenic showed enrichment in the edible biomass across all treatments and crops; however, the enrichment decreased as the dredged sediment ratio increased, except for lettuce in the mixture treatment. We also calculated the health risk index that takes into consideration the reference oral dose (maximum exposure with likely no detrimental effects on human health). The arsenic values were higher that the reference values across all treatments and crops; however, when dredged sediments were added to the farm soil the health risk indices decreased. The arsenic found in our farm soil and dredged sediment showed a high degree of translocation into crops; however, the addition of dredged sediments decreased the potential health risks if consumed by people. This study suggests that the use of the Toledo Harbor dredged sediments as farm soil amendment poses a low ecological risk and human health risk. However, analyses like those presented in this study need to be performed to make recommendations for other sources of dredged sediments.
Angelica Vazquez-Ortega, Ph.D. (Committee Chair)
Yuning Fu, Ph.D. (Committee Member)
Margaret Yacobucci, Ph.D. (Committee Member)
69 p.
Agriculture; Environmental Geology; Environmental Health; Food Science; Geochemistry; Geology; Plant Sciences
WLEB; Western, Lake, Erie, Basin; Harmful Algae Bloom; Toledo Harbour Dredged Sediments; Beneficial Uses; Human Health Consumption; Heavy Metals; Farm Amendment;

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Oyewumi, O. E. (2024). Health Risk Assessment of Potential Heavy Metals Contamination in Specialty Crops Grown in Soils Amended with Dredged Material [Master's thesis, Bowling Green State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1703683403579599

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Oyewumi, Olusola. Health Risk Assessment of Potential Heavy Metals Contamination in Specialty Crops Grown in Soils Amended with Dredged Material. 2024. Bowling Green State University, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1703683403579599.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Oyewumi, Olusola. "Health Risk Assessment of Potential Heavy Metals Contamination in Specialty Crops Grown in Soils Amended with Dredged Material." Master's thesis, Bowling Green State University, 2024. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1703683403579599

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

bgsu1703683403579599
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© 2024, all rights reserved.
This open access ETD is published by Bowling Green State University and OhioLINK.
Release 3.2.12