Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Early Cancers in the Gastrointestinal Tract Using Optical Coherence Tomography
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Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an emerging optical technique based on low-coherence interferometry that provides noninvasive, subsurface, high-resolution imaging of biological microstructure. Endoscopic OCT (EOCT) differentiates the tissue layers of the gastrointestinal (GI) wall and can identify dysplasia in the mucosa. The objective of this research was the characterization of dysplasia in the GI tract, by EOCT in Barretts esophagus in the upper GI tract and by OCT in colonic crypts in the lower GI tract. Barretts esophagus (BE) and associated adenocarcinoma have emerged as a major health care problem over the last two decades. We developed computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) algorithms, utilizing dyplasia-related image features analysis with biopsy site classification, to aid in the identification of dysplasia in BE using EOCT imaging. A total of 96 EOCT image-biopsy pairs (63 non-dsyplastic, 26 low-grade and 7 high-grade dysplastic biopsy sites) were analyzed using our CAD algorithm. Non-dysplastic vs. dysplastic classification, using eight frames per biopsy site and requiring at least the first three frames to be positive to classify the site as positive, yielded a sensitivity of 0.76 (95% CI: 0.55-0.90) and a specificity of 0.85 (95% CI: 0.66-0.94). CAD has the potential to enable EOCT surveillance of large surface areas of Barretts mucosa to identify dysplasia.
Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. Approximately 50% of these deaths may be prevented by earlier detection through screening. The relationship between colonic crypts' morphological patterns and histopathological diagnosis has shown close correlation. We conducted an in vitro colonic tissue study to quantify the morphological features of colonic crypts using our microscope-integrated bench-top OCT scanner. 2D microscopic colonic crypt images with correlated 3D OCT volume of ROI were segmented using marker-based watershed segmentation. Colonic crypt morphological features of 2D microscopic images and 3D crypt skeleton orientations of 3D OCT volume were quantified. This study can provide a tool for potential computer-aided in vivo screening of colonic epithelial layers for predicting risk of developing colorectal cancer, using high-magnification chromoscope and OCT.
Document number: case1207245243
Permalink: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1207245243
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