2100 matches in the database.
These are records: 1 - 30.
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] … [70]
1.
Wabomba, Mukire John.
Signal and Image Processing Techniques for Environmental and Clinical Applications of Infrared Spectroscopy.
Degree: PhD, Chemistry (Arts and Sciences), 2002, Ohio University
► The development of automated, real time, and robust measurement techniques is the…
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▼ The development of automated, real time, and robust measurement techniques is the focus of much current research in analytical chemistry. Of the measurement approaches under study, infrared spectroscopy offers the capability to implement a selective, nondestructive analysis of a variety of chemical samples. In an automated analysis, current infrared instrumentation produces volumes of data necessitating the development of data processing techniques to extract useful information. In this dissertation, automated analysis methods for qualitative and quantitative applications of infrared spectroscopy are explored. These methods are directed to environmental remote sensing and clinical applications and focus on both single-point measurements with Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) instrumentation and imaging measurements performed with a multispectral line scanner. The developed methodology is directed to isolating the analyte signature from the data for use in a qualitative determination of analyte presence or in a quantitative measurement of analyte amount. A study was conducted to find optimal parameters for generating finite impulse response matrix (FIRM) digital filters for use in isolating analyte signals directly from FT-IR interferogram data. The filter design protocols established in this study are used to generate filters for quantitative and qualitative applications. Filters are designed to extract the glucose signal from a complex simulated biological matrix with severely overlapped spectra. Digital filters are also developed to isolate ammonia signals for use with pattern recognition techniques for the remote detection of ammonia in heated plumes from stack emissions. Analysis techniques are also developed for use with data from an infrared multispectral imaging system, designed to detect chemical plumes from stack emissions. These plumes are viewed from above by installing the imaging system on an aircraft platform. The alpha residual method is used to remove temperature effects from the images and thereby simplify the detection of chemical signatures. Pattern recognition methods are used to develop automated classifiers for detecting ethanol plumes from a controlled release experiment and methanol from an industrial facility.
Advisors/Committee Members: Small, Gary W.
Subjects: Biogeochemistry
Keywords: Chemistry and Biochemistry
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2.
Wabuyele, Lusike C.
Understanding Teachers’ and Administrators Perceptions and Experiences towards Computer Use in Kenyan Classrooms: A Case Study of Two Schools.
Degree: PhD, Curriculum and Instruction (Education), 2003, Ohio University
► This study investigated and analyzed the teachers’ and administrators’ perceptions and experiences…
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▼ This study investigated and analyzed the teachers’ and administrators’ perceptions and experiences towards computer use in Kenyan classrooms. While technology has penetrated many sectors including banking, transportation, communications, medical services and so on, the Kenyan educational system seems to lag behind. Research indicates that computer use in Kenyan classrooms is still at its infancy stage (Kiboss, 2000). The use of computers in only a small percentage of the nation’s classrooms is attributed to barriers such as heavy duties on imported hardware and software, and shortage of qualified personnel (Odhiambo, 1991; Hawkridge, 1990). In spite of computer proliferation, the mere presence of technology in schools or classrooms is not a guarantee that it will be used effectively. Therefore, this study is important because teachers and administrators play a significant role in determining how technology is integrated into the curriculum. According to Woodrow (1991), the success of any educational innovation on computer technology depends upon the support, attitudes and perceptions of the teachers and administrators involved. Therefore, understanding their perceptions and experiences will be useful in designing teacher preparation and staff development programs. Data were collected from 27 people including computer-using teachers, non-computer-using teachers, and school and Ministry of Education administrators. Results from the in-depth interviews, participant observation and document analysis revealed a great deal about how teachers and administrators view computer use in Kenyan schools. The primary findings of the study were: 1) both teachers and administrators viewed the use computers in Kenyan classrooms as a worthwhile experience and computers were basically used to teach computer science and computer literacy, 2) barriers that hindered the effective use of computers included shortage of hardware and software, limited time, shortage of power, and lack of quality training for teachers and administrators, 3) computer-using teachers and administrators were enthusiastic and spoke positively about computer use, whereas the non computer-users felt left behind technologically, 4) teachers and administrators reported feeling unprepared by the teacher training colleges to use computers in the classrooms, 5) teachers and administrators expressed the need to provide both practicing and pre-service teachers with professional development opportunities in technology. All in all, the study suggests that teachers’ and administrators’ perceptions and experiences play a significant role in the use of computers in Kenyan classrooms and hence the need to provide preservice and inservice training programs to enable them successfully teach using computers in the classrooms. The findings of this study suggest the need for the Kenyan government and MOE to review not only teacher preparation and staff development programs but also, to develop a revised national plan to implement ICT in schools nationwide over time.
Advisors/Committee Members: Turner, Sandra.
Keywords: TEACHERS; COMPUTER USE; CLASSROOMS; KENYAN; ADMINISTRATORS
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3.
Wachholtz, Amy Beth.
DOES SPIRITUALITY MATTER? EFFECTS OF MEDITATIVE CONTENT AND ORIENTATION ON MIGRAINEURS.
Degree: PhD, Psychology/Clinical, 2006, Bowling Green State University
► Migraine headaches are associated with high depressive and anxiety symptoms (Waldie and…
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▼ Migraine headaches are associated with high depressive and anxiety symptoms (Waldie and Poulton, 2002) as well as low feelings of self-efficacy, which can negatively impact pain tolerance and positive active coping (French, et al., 2000). Previous research suggests that religion can have a positive effect on physical and mental health (Koenig, McCullough, and Larson, 2001, for a review), and specifically, spiritual meditation may ameliorate some of these negative traits associated with migraine headaches (Wachholtz and Pargament, 2005). Spiritual meditation is one method that may help migraineurs to increase their spiritual experiences, reduce depression and anxiety, and improve their self-efficacy to improve both their quality of life. This study examined two primary questions: 1) Do different meditation types create different outcomes among migraineurs? and, 2) How does meditation orientation affect mental, physical, and spiritual health outcomes among migraineurs?Eighty-three meditation naïve, frequent migraineurs were gathered from the Bowling Green State University undergraduate community. Participants were taught Spiritual Meditation, Internally Focused Secular Meditation, Externally Focused Meditation, or Relaxation techniques. Participants independently practiced their techniques for twenty minutes a day for one month. Pre-post tests measured pain tolerance (with a cold pressor task), and headache frequency, as well as a number of mental, and spiritual health variables. Results indicated that over the course of the intervention in comparison to the other three groups, those who practiced spiritual meditation had greater decreases in the frequency of migraine headaches, anxiety, and depression, as well as greater increases in pain tolerance, headache-related self-efficacy, daily spiritual experiences, and existential well being. By providing participants with a simple method to access their spiritual resources, spiritual meditation may offer migraineurs a means to improve their spiritual, emotional, and physical health.
Advisors/Committee Members: Pargament, Kenneth I.
Subjects: Psychology, Clinical
Keywords: Migraine; Headache; Pain; Meditation; Religion; Spirituality; Intervention
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5.
Wachtel, Jonathan Miller.
Pavlovian Conditioning Between Cocaine Stimulant Effects and a Discrete Sensory Cue: Implementation of an Alternating Conditioning Procedure.
Degree: BA, Neuroscience, 2011, Oberlin College Honors Theses
► Cocaine addiction is associated with an extremely high rate of relapse, the…
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▼ Cocaine addiction is associated with an extremely high rate of relapse, the resumption of drug taking behavior following a period of abstinence. Relapse may be induced by exposure to drug-associated cues, stress, or drug challenge. Rodent models of addiction investigate reinstatement, the resumption of drug-seeking behavior following a period of abstinence. This study investigated the necessary procedures for establishing Pavlovian conditioning between a discrete sensory cue and cocaine stimulant effects (15.0 mg/kg, IP). Successful conditioning was indicated by cue induced conditioned hyperactivity. In Experiment 1, a simple discrete visual cue failed to be attributed salience. Cocaine-treated rats showed heightened locomotor activity independent of cue condition, suggestive of contextual conditioning. Experiment 2 replaced the simple visual cue with a compound auditory/visual cue and implemented various procedural adaptations to prevent contextual conditioning; comparable results were observed. Experiment 3 introduced an alternating cue conditioning/no cue conditioning training regimen with 6 drug-cue pairings over 12 days. This alternating training procedure minimized contextual conditioning and resulted in successful attribution of salience to the discrete cue for tests after 3, 14, and 28 days of withdrawal. This study suggests that an alternating drug-cue pairing training procedure can be used to establish conditioned locomotor activity specific to a discrete compound sensory cue in Sprague-Dawley rats.
Advisors/Committee Members: Paine, Tracie A.
Subjects: Neurosciences
Keywords: Cocaine, Addiction, Hyperactivity, Pavlovian Conditioning
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6.
Wachtel, Joseph Robert.
“Very Advantageous Beginnings”: Jesuit Conversion, Secular Interests, and the Legacy of Port Royal, 1608–1620.
Degree: MA, History, 2008, Miami University
► This thesis examines the evolution of Father Pierre Biard's Jesuit missionary ideals…
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▼ This thesis examines the evolution of Father Pierre Biard's Jesuit missionary ideals and the legacy of his experience. Biard's encounter with native people demonstrated that the Jesuits had to adequately catechize the Indians before baptism. This required them to understand the Indians, their customs, and their languages. His desire to engage with Indians marked a break in traditional patterns of interpretation, despite the conventional discursive understanding Biard brought with him from France. Furthermore, his tense relationship with secular interests at Port Royal degenerated into a war of accusations about Biard's involvement in the 1613 destruction of the colony. In defending himself from these allegations, Biard publically verbalized his clear recommendations for how future Jesuits should run their missions. Both his interactions with Indians and his relationship with traders helped him define a unique missionary strategy that left a lasting legacy for future Jesuit missionaries.
Advisors/Committee Members: Pestana, Carla.
Subjects: History
Keywords: New France; Acadia; Jesuit; Missionary; Biard, Pierre; Lescarbot, Marc
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7.
Wachter, David.
Thinking at a Threshold. Nietzsche and Benjamin on Experience and Art In Modernity.
Degree: MA, Arts and Sciences : Germanic Languages and Literature, 2002, University of Cincinnati
► This thesis attempts to compare major thoughts by Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900) and…
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▼ This thesis attempts to compare major thoughts by Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900) and Walter Benjamin (1892-1940). Although seldom put in relation to each other, their theories on experience and art in modernity bear striking similarities. Beyond a mere study of how Nietzsche may have influenced Benjamin, this thesis seeks to show that both thinkers employ comparable styles and strategies of argumentation. This common approach consists in the juxtaposition of an organological discourse that views modernity as cultural decomposition with an aesthetic emphasis that reshapes the respective attitude towards modernity. By this movement of establishing and at the same time questioning a discourse on modernity, both Nietzsche and Benjamin situate their own thinking at a moment of transition, a threshold that lives from the continuous contact to opposed perspectives. A first part concentrates on Nietzsche's theory of decadence. It is shown that Nietzsche's borrowings from the 19th century physiological discourse provides him with a powerful tool to criticize decadence as corporeal decay and to suggest a remedy in the reestablishment of a "healthy organism". Yet this perspective is opposed by an aesthetic one in which the dissolution of the "whole" is seen as an emancipatory movement that renders the "nuance" available for art. By this surprising turn, Nietzsche situates decadence at the core of his own thinking. A second part focuses on Benjamin's views on art and experience in modernity. While his essay on Der Erzähler criticizes the modern dissolution of experience and narration, his famous Das Kunstwerk sees the becoming independent of parts as a form of emancipation from tradition's totalizing grip. In contrast to these seemingly irreconcilable views, Benjamin's work Über einige Motive bei Baudelaire takes the moment of tension seriously and establishes an aesthetic of the threshold: the French poet's value lies in his combination of both spleen and idéal , of separating forces and uniting tendencies. The present thesis thus shows that the location in between discourses is being developed into a threshold thinking that constitutes a common feature of both Nietzsche's and Benjamin's theories of modernity.
Advisors/Committee Members: Mladek, Dr. Klaus.
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8.
Wachtman, Jacob L.
Molecular Structure of (AsSe)1-x(Ag2Se)x solid electrolyte glasses.
Degree: MS, Engineering : Electrical Engineering, 2009, University of Cincinnati
► Glasses of (Ag2Se)x(AsSe)(1-x) compositions in the 0% < x < 45% range,…
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▼ Glasses of (Ag2Se)x(AsSe)(1-x) compositions in the 0% < x < 45% range, and of AsxSe1-x compositions in the As range 40% < x < 60% were synthesized and studied with modulated DSC, Fourier Transform (FT) Raman, and X-Ray diffraction experiments. The molecular structure of the base glass, As50Se50, in the ternary system, which is also a composition in the AsxSe1-x binary, is of pivotal interest. It was crystallized in bulk into c-As4Se4 by a low temperature (T = 150°C < Tg), long term anneal. It is also shown that by irradiating the bulk c-As4Se4 to violet or UV light it is possible to photo-amorphize it, giving a reversible process. The structure of the glasses with large amounts of arsenic in the As-Se binary is found to be partially demixed, with cage-like As4Se4 and As4Se3 molecules van der Waal bonded to a backbone consisting of co-polymeric chains of As(Se1/2)3 pyramid units and As2(Se1/2)4 ethylene-like units. This chain network is responsible for the surprisingly large glass formation tendency in both the AsxSe1-x binary as compared to AsxS1-x and as well as in the (Ag2Se)x(AsSe)(1-x) ternary. Addition of Ag2Se to As50Se50 leads to segregation of the glass network at low x, < 20%, as more As4Se4 monomers decouple from it. By cycling the glass through Tg, these monomers reconstruct with ethylene-like chains and almost completely polymerize the backbone. Demixing effects are qualitatively suppressed upon increased alloying of Ag2Se additive in the 20% < x < 35% range. At x > 35%, alloy glasses nearly fully polymerize, and an analogy can be made with local and extended range structures to c-Ag3AsSe3, isomorphic to naturally occurring mineral Proustite Ag3AsS3), its sulfur analogue. With increasing x, these alloy glasses undergo a semiconductor to ionically conducting phase that is facilitated by the quasi – 1D chains of Ag-Se-Ag that allows for Ag+ ions to become mobile.
Advisors/Committee Members: Boolchand, Punit.
Subjects: Electrical engineering; Materials science
Keywords: AsSe; Ag2Se; AgAsSe; solid electrolyte glass; raman
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10.
Wacker, Therese M.
The Piccolo in the Chamber Music of the Twentieth Century: an Annotated Bibliography of Selected Works.
Degree: DMA, Music, 2000, Ohio State University
► The popularity of the piccolo has continued to grow throughout the twentieth…
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▼ The popularity of the piccolo has continued to grow throughout the twentieth century, with much solo and chamber music being written specifically for this instrument. However, the cataloguing of works specifically for the piccolo has not kept up with its emerging importance. Although there are various lists of repertoire available, most deal more specifically with the flute literature, and if the piccolo is included, it is secondary and the list is incomplete. This is especially true of the use of the piccolo in chamber repertoire. While efforts are being made to target the solo literature available for the piccolo, the topic of the chamber music of the twentieth century has not been approached or undertaken. With more flutists taking an artistic interest in the piccolo and the literature available for this instrument, it seems reasonable that a list of chamber works specific to this instrument is needed.This annotated bibliography is an attempt to catalogue the chamber music of the twentieth century that contains piccolo. The parameters applied are as follows: the work will be able to be performed by up to nine players; annotation will cover works in which the piccolo is used on a separate part (i.e. works which contain flute/piccolo parts will not be annotated but will be listed in a separate section); remaining works for which a score was readily available; works that contain flutes only (i.e. flute choir, flute quartets, etc.) will not be included.Preceding the annotated section is a short history of the development of the piccolo and its use as an ensemble instrument. Because of the lack of historical information available for the eighteenth century there is a discrepancy as to what instrument was used in certain literature. This paper is not meant to settle these differences, but to show how the piccolo is one instrument which may be used in these works.
Advisors/Committee Members: Borst Jones, Katherine.
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11.
WACLAW, RONALD RAYMOND.
MOLECULAR CONTROL OF NEURONAL DIVERSITY IN LATERAL GANGLIONIC EMINENCE PROGENITORS OF THE EMBRYONIC MOUSE TELENCEPHALON.
Degree: PhD, Medicine : Molecular and Developmental Biology, 2005, University of Cincinnati
► The embryonic telencephalon gives rise to a complex organization of neuronal nuclei…
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▼ The embryonic telencephalon gives rise to a complex organization of neuronal nuclei that control cognition and voluntary movement. The lateral ganglionic eminence (LGE), a sub-region of the ventral telencephalon, is a known source of two distinct cell populations, striatal projection neurons and olfactory bulb interneurons. The current studies were aimed at elucidating the molecular pathways involved in the generation of these neuronal cell types. The homeobox gene, Gsh2 is required for the generation of striatal projection neurons and olfactory bulb interneurons. Initially, characterization experiments were undertaken to dissect additional roles for Gsh2 in the developing LGE. The requirement of Gsh2 for retinoid production in the LGE indicates for the first time that Gsh2 may have a role independent of repressing dorsal telencephalic gene expression in the ventral telencephalon. Moreover, the reduced retinoids in the Gsh2 mutant were shown to contribute to the striatal differentiation defects. Gsh2 mutants also exhibit defects in the generation of olfactory bulb interneurons. It has recently been suggested that these cells derive from a distinct progenitor domain in the dorsal LGE (dLGE), which requires Gsh2 for its normal formation (Stenman et al., 2003a). A novel requirement of Gsh2 shown here for the expression of the zinc-finger transcription factor Sp8 in the dLGE provides further support for this notion. In addition, further analysis of embryonic and postnatal Sp8 expression and the loss of Sp8 in the dLGE (Sp8 conditional mutant) suggests the existence of neuronal diversity in the dLGE, in the postnatal progenitor regions for olfactory bulb interneurons (the rostral migratory stream and the subventricular zone), and in differentiated olfactory bulb interneurons. Taken together these studies describe novel requirements for Gsh2 during LGE development and identify a novel genetic pathway that contributes to neuronal diversity of olfactory bulb interneurons. Finally, the generation of a conditional mutant allele of Gsh2 and strategy for a telencephalon specific mutant provides for the first time a genetic tool to address both spatial and temporal (e.g. postnatal) roles for this gene.
Advisors/Committee Members: Campbell, Dr. Kenneth.
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12.
Wadatkar, Ajit.
Process Selection for Hole Operations Using a Rule Based Approach.
Degree: MS, Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering (Engineering), 2004, Ohio University
► This thesis deals with developing an architecture for rule based machining process…
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▼ This thesis deals with developing an architecture for rule based machining process selection for hole operations. The system developed in this thesis is a rule based intelligent process planning system which selects the necessary manufacturing processes for hole making operations for metal mechanical parts. This system consists of two modules: process selection module for hole making and user interface module. Process selection module performs rule base selection of alternative processes for manufacturing holes. User interface module provides user interaction and functional prototype monitoring for process selection. It includes functionalities that are necessary for the user to navigate the system. The research work can be applied to any feature and a process plan can be generated to satisfy the feature requirements.
Advisors/Committee Members: Sormaz, Dusan.
Subjects: Engineering, Industrial
Keywords: Process Selection; Automated Process Planning; Role Based System
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13.
Waddell, Amanda B.
Role of macrophages and eosinophils in inflammatory bowel diseases.
Degree: PhD, Medicine: Immunobiology, 2012, University of Cincinnati
► The inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic, relapsing and remitting gastrointestinal diseases…
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▼ The inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic, relapsing and remitting gastrointestinal diseases of unknown etiology. It is postulated that in genetically susceptible hosts, epithelial barrier function is disrupted and intestinal microbes activate microbial sensing systems in macrophages (MΦs)/dendritic cells, which initiate an adaptive immune response, characterized by both CD4+ T helper (TH)1 and TH17 cells in Crohn’s disease (CD) and by a TH17/TH2 response in ulcerative colitis (UC). These activated T cells release an array of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which promotes the recruitment of other immune cells, including monocytes/MΦs, neutrophils and eosinophils, all of which cause extensive damage to the local tissues. The involvement of cell-cell interactions between eosinophils and MΦs and the importance of these interactions to the pathophysiology of IBD remain poorly defined. In this dissertation, we employ a mouse model of experimental colitis to further understand the interactions between eosinophils and MΦs in the pathogenesis of the chronic inflammatory response in IBD. We demonstrate increased eosinophil numbers and degranulation in rectosigmoid pediatric UC colonic biopsies compared to healthy control biopsies and that eosinophil levels correlate with disease severity. In preclinical studies employing eosinophil-deficient mice, we demonstrate that eosinophils play a pathogenic role in the histopathology of DSS-induced colitis. Furthermore, we demonstrate increased levels of the eosinophil-specific chemokines, eotaxin-1/CCL11 and eotaxin-2/CCL24 in the colon during DSS-induced colitis, and we identify that CCL11 and not CCL24 is required for DSS-induced eosinophilia. Furthermore, we identify F4/80+ MΦs as a cellular source of CCL11 and demonstrate a role for a subset of pro-inflammatory colonic MΦs (F4/80+CD11b+Ly6Chi) in CCL11 expression and eosinophil recruitment in DSS-induced colitis. Consistent with this preclinical observation, we show that CCL11 mRNA is increased and correlates with eosinophil levels and that CD68+ MΦs express CCL11 in pediatric UC biopsies. Using a novel mouse, RelA/p65Δmye, which lacks expression of NF-κB RelA/p65 in myeloid cells, we demonstrate that colonic CCL11 expression, eosinophilia and DSS-induced histopathology are dependent on myeloid expressed RelA/p65. These studies demonstrate a role for RelA/p65 activation in MΦs in the regulation of MΦ-derived CCL11, DSS-induced eosinophilia and disease pathology. These data provide important insights into the role of both eosinophils and MΦs in IBD and indicate that targeting myeloid cells and NF-κB-dependent pathways may be of therapeutic benefit for the treatment of eosinophilic inflammation in IBD.
Advisors/Committee Members: Hogan, Simon.
Subjects: Immunology
Keywords: eotaxin-1; ulcerative colitis; inflammatory bowel diseases; NF-kappa B; STAT-6; macrophages
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14.
Waddell, Daniel C.
Environmentally friendly synthesis using high speed ball milling.
Degree: PhD, Arts and Sciences: Chemistry, 2012, University of Cincinnati
► Recently, there has been a focused effort towards the development of an…
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▼ Recently, there has been a focused effort towards the development of an environmentally friendly America. The field of green chemistry has been born of this ideology. Green chemistry is the reduction or elimination of environmentally hazardous chemicals and chemical processes. The Mack lab attempts to reduce some of these hazards by synthesizing molecules with a solvent free and environmentally benign method known as high speed ball milling (HSBM). In HSBM, reactants are shaken vigorously in a reaction vial and the subsequent mixing and impacts generated deliver enough energy to the system to facilitate a chemical reaction. Here, we present the succesful incorporation of HSBM into organic synthesis. Acid/base chemistry, the Tischenko reaction, and enolate chemistry will be described in detail. As we increase our knowledge about the solvent free method of HSBM, we are creating a unique and environmentally friendly toolbox for organic chemists which will cause a paradigm shift in the way we conduct organic reactions.
Advisors/Committee Members: Mack, James.
Subjects: Chemistry
Keywords: Green Chemistry; High Speed Ball Milling; Mechanochemistry
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15.
Wade, Amy M.
Faculty and the engaged institution: Toward understanding motivators and deterrents for fostering engagement.
Degree: PhD, ED Policy and Leadership, 2008, Ohio State University
► The purpose of this dissertation is to present a holistic approach to…
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▼ The purpose of this dissertation is to present a holistic approach to understanding the activities that constitute faculty engagement. After setting an historical context for the public service roles of higher education and the faculty, the author defines specific activities involving service-learning, community-based research and certain forms of professional and public service as the package of engaged faculty work. The main research questions of the study involve investigating the ways faculty participate in engagement-related activity and the frequency; exploring the variables which help explain engagement behavior; and, understanding how faculty perceive and experience engagement. The Survey of Faculty Engagement (SFE) was developed for the purposes of this study and was piloted at a large Midwestern land-grant institution. The survey was based on the author’s development of a conceptual model to understand engagement, the Faculty Engagement Model (FEM). Another main research question of the study was whether the SFE instrument confirmed dynamics hypothesized based on previous literature. Quantitative methodology was employed to address these research questions. Overall, findings indicate that faculty at the pilot site participate in engagement activity but choose to pursue the forms of engagement that are the least time intensive, namely public service and outreach and engagement-oriented professional service. Additionally, while many of the variables that have been investigated in previous literature were significant in explaining engagement behavior, others, such as motivation, values, gender and race/ethnicity, were not. It is postulated the some of the differences in expected versus actual outcomes are attributable to the fact that the pilot study took place at a RU/VH (very high research activity) institution and previous literature does not focus exclusively on faculty engagement behavior within this institutional type. The FEM proved to be a good starting place for explaining engagement behavior, yet more research needs to be done to continue testing and refining the model.
Advisors/Committee Members: Demb, Ada.
Subjects: Education
Keywords: faculty engagement; service learning; community-based research; public good; higher education
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16.
Wade, Brian Richard.
Improvisation and Other Stories.
Degree: MFA, English, 2010, Ohio State University
► Improvisation and Other Stories is a collection of original short stories and…
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▼ Improvisation and Other Stories is a collection of original short stories and a novella linked solely by the eclectic imagination of its author. Within its pages you will find tales of barbarism and love, magical and mundane worlds, and diverse animals such as tropical fish, raccoons, and at least one ape.
Advisors/Committee Members: McGraw, Erin.
Subjects: American literature; English literature; Literature
Keywords: short stories; modern fables
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17.
Wade, Charles H.
ETHNIC DIVISIONS IN A GLOBALIZING LATIN AMERICAN CITY: A CASE STUDY OF THE PERUVIAN COMMUNITY OF SANTIAGO DE CHILE.
Degree: MA, Geography, 2003, Miami University
► Beginning in the early 1990s, there has been a dramatic increase of…
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▼ Beginning in the early 1990s, there has been a dramatic increase of Latin American migrants, especially Peruvians, into Chile. This substantial increase has generated negative responses from some Chileans, which are particularly apparent in Chilean print media. Through ethnographic research and interviews with Peruvians in Santiago, this thesis examines some elements of an emerging and prominent Peruvian community in Santiago. Empirical fieldwork suggests that Peruvians in Santiago are a marginalized group in some respects but less so in others. Despite some ethnic tensions, however, Santiago is confronted with an inevitable growth in its ethnic and urban diversity as a globalizing Latin American city.
Advisors/Committee Members: Klak, Thomas C.
Subjects: Geography
Keywords: Chile; Latin America; Southern Cone; International migration; Ethnic communities
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18.
Wade, James David.
Magnetic Sensor for Nondestructive Evaluation of Deteriorated Prestressing Strand.
Degree: MS, Civil Engineering, 2010, University of Toledo
► The objective of this thesis was to develop a non-destructive in-situ magnetic…
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▼ The objective of this thesis was to develop a non-destructive in-situ magnetic technique to investigate the remaining cross-sectional area of prestressing strands. Corrosion is the predominate failure-mechanism in box-beam bridges. The current method, visual inspection, is not sufficient as the strands may not be exposed to the investigator. An inaccurate estimate of the remaining area of strands can lead to an overestimated strength of the bridge. A new technique involving an electromagnet and magnetic theories was researched for this thesis. The experiments conducted have shown that it is possible to distinguish between different cross-sectional areas using an electromagnet and Hall sensors. Experiments with an air-gap were first used to simulate concrete cover and provide viability of the technique. These experiments showed that as the cross-sectional area increased so did the induced magnetic field. To further the research, concrete blocks were used in place of the air-gap to better simulate field conditions. Again, these experiments showed an increase in the induced magnetic field as the cross-sectional area was increased. Using the data from the air-gap and concrete block experiments, an approach to determine the cross-sectional area of a corroded strand under concrete cover was investigated.
Advisors/Committee Members: Nims, Douglas.
Subjects: Civil engineering; Electromagnetism; Engineering; Transportation
Keywords: Nondestructive testing; corrosion detection; prestressing strand; magnetic flux; electromagnet; cross-sectional area; bridge; concrete
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19.
Wade, Jeannette Marie.
Sex Education, Communication, and Life Satisfaction in Adolescence.
Degree: MA, Family and Consumer Sciences-Child and Family Development, 2011, University of Akron
► Based on the unique developmental characteristics of adolescents and their effect on…
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▼ Based on the unique developmental characteristics of adolescents and their effect on risk taking behaviors, peer relations, and parent-child communication, many researchers have concluded that sex education is needed in the school setting. Teenagers receive mixed signals on sexual norms because their parents, friends and partners have conflicting views (Kirby, 2001). Sex education is important in empowering teenagers to make informed decisions and feel secure in all aspects of their development. This study is a secondary data analysis using existing data from the 2001-2002 Health Behavior in School-Aged Children Survey. The goal is to find associations by examining results from (1) adolescent’s self reported life satisfaction, (2) reported ease of communication with their mothers and fathers respectively, (3) and whether or not the student had received in school education on proper condom use. In summary, in accordance with the developmental needs of teenagers, it is necessary to examine life satisfaction, perceived ease of discussing difficult topics with parents, and involvement in sex education programming.
Advisors/Committee Members: Schulze, Pamela.
Subjects: Behavioral Psychology; Families and Family Life
Keywords: sex education; adolescence; life satisfaction; identity formation
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20.
Wade, Mark Alan.
An Annotated Bibliography of Current Research in the Field of the Medical Problems of Trumpet Playing.
Degree: DMA, Music, 2008, Ohio State University
► The life-hours of diligent practice and performance that make a performer capable…
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▼ The life-hours of diligent practice and performance that make a performer capable of musical expression on the trumpet also can cause a host of overuse and repetitive stress ailments. Other medical problems can arise through no fault of the performer or lack of technique, such as the brain disease Task-Specific Focal Dystonia. Ailments like these fall into several large categories and have been individually researched by medical professionals. Articles concerning this narrow field of research are typically published in their respective medical journals, such as the Journal of Applied Physiology. Articles whose research is pertinent to trumpet or horn, the most similar brass instruments with regard to pitch range, resistance and the intrathoracic pressures generated, are often then presented in the instruments' respective journals, ITG Journal and The Horn Call. Most articles about the medical problems affecting trumpet players are not published in scholarly music journals such as these, rather, are found in health science publications. Herein lies the problem for both musician and doctor; the wealth of new information is not effectively available for dissemination across fields. The purpose of this exhaustive literature search was to produce a single document that collects and annotates current and pertinent research in the field of medical problems of the trumpet player and make it available for the trumpet playing community, music educators, conductors and physicians. The bibliography is divided into sections by topic and entries include a bibliography and abstract. Whenever possible, the abstracts by the original authors are used, as they are the experts on their own research.
Advisors/Committee Members: Leasure, Timothy.
Subjects: Music
Keywords: trumpet; medical; problems; injuries; music; occupational; hearing; overuse; syndrome
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21.
Wade, Martha Leslie.
Behavioral assimilation and nested social categories: exploring gender stereotype priming and stereotype threat.
Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2007, Ohio State University
► The present research examines the influence of level of social categorization on…
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▼ The present research examines the influence of level of social categorization on behavioral assimilation to gender stereotypes. Specifically, this research examines both superordinate gender categories (men, women) and prototypical gender subgroups (businessmen, homemakers) to determine whether the level of categorization differentially affects behavioral assimilation. This research also examines whether stereotype threat or category stereotype priming best explains the influence of gender group primes at the two levels. Study 1 primed participants with superordinate gender categories or prototypical gender subgroups to determine the effect of these primes upon performance on a gender-stereotyped task. Results showed that the performance of male participants was influenced by subgroup primes such that performance was lowered when the participants had been primed to think about “homemakers” as a social category, compared with other gender primes. No priming effects were detected for superordinate gender primes or for female participants. Study 2 examined the relationship between the relevant stereotype and the task by framing the same task either as one on which males or females are stereotypically expected to succeed. Again, male participants were influenced by the gender subgroup primes, with the direction of priming effects on performance depending on which gender stereotype was activated. As in Study 1, no assimilation effects were observed for female participants. Study 3 focused on female performance, replicating the priming conditions from Study 1, while explicitly making primes more self-involving . For female participants, the only demonstration of priming effects occurred in this third study, when the essay primes were made explicitly self-involving by invoking an interaction context. Category stereotype priming, not stereotype threat, better explains the pattern of results observed across these three studies, although stereotype threat cannot be conclusively ruled out. Finally, implications of this research and questions for future research are discussed.
Advisors/Committee Members: Brewer, Marilynn B.
Subjects: Psychology, Social
Keywords: Subgroups, Stereotypes, Behavioral Assimilation
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22.
WADIH, HAYFAA Esper.
IDENTIFYING AND ASSESSING TOURISM IMPACT FACTORS ON LOCALITIES AND THEIR NATIONS: WITH ILLUSTRATIONS FROM SANTORINI.
Degree: MCP, Design, Architecture, Art and Planning : Community Planning, 2005, University of Cincinnati
► Inspired by the island of Santorini in Greece, the purpose of this…
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▼ Inspired by the island of Santorini in Greece, the purpose of this thesis is to identify the range of positive and negative impacts that tourism has on a host place. This thesis will use the range of impacts to create a framework through which a systematic assessment can be made. This is important, as tourism is the fastest growing industry in the world, and provides employment and foreign currency to the host place as well as contributing to its country’s gross domestic product, or GDP. However, tourism often has negative impacts as well, but these are often overlooked in favor of the economic benefits. This study identifies major factors of tourism impacts on host places, based on a review of the literature, illustrates them based on a study of the island of Santorini in Greece, and creates a framework to assess these impacts. The study extracts factors from three main areas: economic, socio-cultural and environmental. It then organizes these factors into a framework to assess systematically the impact of tourism in order to understand the magnitude impact of tourism on the island. The study, in a “snapshot”, draws attention to the magnitude of tourism impact in a comprehensive way. It will, hopefully, also help planners and administrators elsewhere to determine what can be done to capitalize on the positive impacts of tourism and mitigate its negative impacts.
Advisors/Committee Members: Chifos, Carla.
Subjects: Urban and Regional Planning
Keywords: Tourism Impact; Economic Impact; Socio-Cultural Impact; Environmental Impact; Santorini; Framework Assessment
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23.
Wadkins, Thomas.
Bringing Urban Agriculture to the University of Cincinnati.
Degree: M. Arch., Design, Architecture, Art and Planning: Architecture, 2012, University of Cincinnati
► Food and shelter are two of the most fundamental aspects of daily…
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▼ Food and shelter are two of the most fundamental aspects of daily human life. With the global population growing at an exponential rate and the distribution of that population rapidly shifting to urban centers these basic needs are becoming more pressing. The paradigm of rural, monoculture agriculture has developed many systemic problems, several of which will only worsen as oil resources become limited. Additionally, as urbanization trends continue transporting food great distances will result in excessive food prices. All of these issues provide strong reasons to plan for urban food production This thesis investigates how agriculture can be urbanized on multiple scales and how this will change the culture of a community. The university provides an excellent location to investigate a varied implementation of agriculture in a dense urban setting as well a large population of interested and open-minded individuals. The end result of the thesis will be a design for a dormitory where students live with and care for their food, resulting in a better-informed and healthier community.
Advisors/Committee Members: Tilman, Jeffrey.
Subjects: Architecture
Keywords: Urban Agriculture; Sustainability; Architecture; University of Cincinnati; Dormitory
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24.
Wadley, Maurice L.
Synthesis and Morphology Characterization of Polydimethylsiloxane-Containing Block Copolymers.
Degree: PhD, Polymer Engineering, 2011, University of Akron
► The thin film morphology characteristics of polydimethylsiloxane-containing block copolymers have been investigated.…
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▼ The thin film morphology characteristics of polydimethylsiloxane-containing block copolymers have been investigated. For this investigation, a commercially available hydroxyl terminated PDMS was purchased from Gelest and attached to a carboxylic acid functional reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) agent by Steglich esterification. This produced macro-RAFT agents to which styrene monomer was polymerized. By using this approach the generation of low polydispersity polystyrene-block-polydimethylsiloxane (PS-block-PDMS) copolymers of various molecular weights spanning a wide volume fraction range in which the PDMS block remained the same in each polymerization. Synthesized block copolymers were characterized by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Bulk and thin film characterization of PS-block-PDMS copolymers was done by small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), contact angle measurements, scanning force microscopy (SFM), and grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS). The following observations have been made. For PS-rich PS-block-PDMS copolymer thin films the low surface tension of PDMS caused it to migrate to the film surface regardless of solvent choice. The surface morphology was found to depend strongly on the solubility parameter of the solvent and exhibited SFM images consistent with parallel cylinder, perforated lamellar, and lamellar surface layers with increasing solvent solubility parameter. This behavior was due to the selective swelling of the individual blocks under slightly selective, good solvent conditions. A custom solvent annealing apparatus provided similar results in which order-order transitions in the thin films were observed with increasing solvent solubility parameter. Additionally improvements in the long-range order were observed after 1 h of solvent annealing. PS-rich PS-block-PDMS copolymer thin films also displayed PDMS rich surfaces after casting. Etching of this wetting layer by exposure to ultraviolet/ozone (UVO) cleaner allowed characterization of the interior film morphology. GISAXS was also able to characterize domain orientation in the as-cast and selectively etched thin films. PDMS cylinder orientation in PS-block-PDMS copolymer was found to be dependent on solvent choice and polymer molecular weight. The likely mechanism for perpendicularly oriented PDMS cylinders in selective solvents was an order-order transition to spheres where cylinders would nucleate at the air/film surface and template a perpendicularly oriented morphology during evaporation induced ordering. Perpendicularly oriented PDMS cylinders were observed in the lower molecular weight PS-rich PS-block-PDMS thin film samples indicating a preferential molecular weight range for the formation of perpendicular domains. Solvent annealing in PS selective chlorobenzene improved the long range order, but was not a strong driving force in altering domain orientation.
Advisors/Committee Members: Cavicchi, Kevin.
Subjects: Polymers
Keywords: block copolymer; polydimethylsiloxane; RAFT; thin film; morphology
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26.
Wadsworth, Matt.
Videogaming Principles and the Workplace.
Degree: MEd, Curriculum and Teaching/Master Teaching, 2008, Bowling Green State University
► The problem of this study was to determine the usage of the…
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▼ The problem of this study was to determine the usage of the theories contained within Gee’s (2003) 36 Learning Principles in current workplace training. To that end, an online survey was administered to workplace-training professionals. The survey was comprised of 21 Likert scale statements gauging the usage of those principles. A survey-making software package was then used to convert all collected raw data into utilizable percentages. Those reported percentages were grouped based on predefined, categorical groupings within the survey-instrument. After the survey had been performed and data analyzed, the results for all three groups indicated a high usage of Gee’s (2003) 36 Learning Principles. Certain similarities and differences were also noticed overall as well as when the groups were compared on an individual Likert-scale-statement basis. Within that comparison, certain training methods were found to be used more often than others. Similarly, certain methods were given a higher priority than others. Among the more frequently used methods by the trainers were allowing the learner to be actively involved in the learning process, to foster intrinsic value for the learning process, allowing the learner to understand the content, to give the learner information at relevant times and in appropriate amounts. Among the lesser prioritized methods used by the trainers were allowing the learner to perform self-refection and evaluation, practice newly-acquired skills multiple times, until mastery level is achieved, problem-solve while using various resources, and developing and mastering consecutive skills.
Advisors/Committee Members: Herman, Terry.
Subjects: Education, Adult and Continuing
Keywords: videogames; training; adult
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27.
Waffen, Chad.
Ohio’s Prehistoric Settlement Patterns in the Western Basin of Lake Erie During the Transitional Late Woodland and Late Prehistoric Periods (750AD-1450AD): A GIS Analysis.
Degree: MA, College of Arts and Sciences / Department of Anthropology, 2011, Kent State University
► The high density of Late Woodland and Late Prehistoric Period habitation sites…
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▼ The high density of Late Woodland and Late Prehistoric Period habitation sites in northwest Ohio, south of the Western Basin of Lake Erie, suggests that this area experienced a period of significant human activity in late prehistory. It has generally been accepted that in this area the intensification of maize subsistence and a subsequent transition to a more sedentary, agrarian-based settlement pattern occurred during the transition between the Late Woodland and Late Prehistoric Periods (750AD-1450AD). This proposed settlement shift has been described by many as a transition from short-term, often seasonal occupations of lakeshore-oriented sand spits, prairies and major downstream drainages to more sedentary agricultural village settlements located upstream at secondary river confluences, well-drained ancient beach ridges, and/or defensible river bluff locations. While this proposed change in settlement patterns is frequently cited in academic literature, the primary data supporting this change is largely qualitative and anecdotal in nature. Geographical Information System (GIS) Technology provides a new approach to conduct a regional settlement pattern analysis of this area in order to substantiate, quantify, and characterize any proposed change in habitation patterns that may have occurred during this time period, subsequent to the intensification of maize subsistence. The settlement analyses presented in this thesis represent a first attempt to not only aggregate the necessary habitation site data to permit a comprehensive settlement analysis in this region, but also the first to utilize GIS technology combined with environmental data to do so. It is believed that a better understanding of changes in settlement patterns – spatially, chronologically and qualitatively – can help to provide new insight regarding the cultural change that was likely occurring during this transitional time period, as archaeologists are still in its early stages of developing a more comprehensive understanding of the late prehistory of this region.
Advisors/Committee Members: Seeman, Mark.
Subjects: Archaeology
Keywords: settlement analysis; settlement pattern; Lake Erie; Western Basin; maize; agriculture; northwest Ohio; GIS; Great Lakes; Late Woodland; Late Prehistoric; habitation
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28.
Wagener, Thomas Dane.
Visual Effects and the Test of Time.
Degree: BS, Media Arts and Studies, 2009, Ohio University Honors Tutorial College
► This thesis discusses why certain visual effects films stand the test of…
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▼ This thesis discusses why certain visual effects films stand the test of time, while others do not. Some films' effects become outdated very quickly, even within a year, regardless of how critically and popularly acclaimed they were upon their release. Yet others, like Jurassic Park, remain effective over a decade later. I analyzed 10 films, covering both "good" and "bad" effects films, as well as a wide variety of different types of effects films : Jurassic Park, Forrest Gump, The Day After Tomorrow, Transformers, The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King, The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe, Brokeback Mountain, The Bucket List, Children of Men, and War of the Worlds. Through my analysis, I discuss the importance of matchmoving, compositing, controlled scale of effects, as well as the role of cinematography in visual effects, and most importantly, the critical role of story.The thesis also includes a short history of special and visual effects, including the all-important Digital Revolution of effects films.
Advisors/Committee Members: Novak, Beth.
Subjects: Communication; Fine Arts
Keywords: Visual effects; special effects; effects; compositing; matchmoving; rotoscoping; CG; CGI; animation; matte painting; Jurassic Park; Narnia; Lord of the Rings; Brokeback Mountain; Transformers; Forrest Gump; Children of Men; cinematography
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29.
Wagge, Jordan Rose.
ASSESSMENT OF MECHANISMS OF VISUAL INTEGRATION IN CENTER/SURROUND STIMULI USING AN UNCERTAINTY PARADIGM.
Degree: MA, Psychology, 2006, Miami University
► This experiment was used to examine the process of visual integration using…
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▼ This experiment was used to examine the process of visual integration using an uncertainty paradigm. Interpretations of results from this paradigm are used to determine how many sources of noise are present during a task. In the present study, observers’ abilities to make judgments on a stimulus consisting of a sine wave grating surrounded by a similarly patterned annulus were examined. Data from these tasks were used to assess the contributions of either lateral inhibitory interaction or higher-level mechanisms that combine information over space. Results from the experiment were highly variable both within and between observers, and as such were inconclusive regarding the possible contributions of these mechanisms. Significant asymmetries were found in the data, which may be explained by varying cue salience or decision strategies.
Advisors/Committee Members: Olzak, Lynn A.
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30.
Wagge, Jordan Rose.
Contributions of response gain and contrast gain to human spatial pattern masking.
Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2009, Miami University
► Stimuli that are placed outside of the classic receptive field of a…
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▼ Stimuli that are placed outside of the classic receptive field of a visual cortical cell can modify that cell’s response to stimuli within the field, as part of the cell’s modulatory receptive field. In addition, masks that are superimposed on a target can modify response to the target, even when the mask and stimuli are separated widely enough in spatial characteristics (orientation and spatial frequency) to stimulate separate channels. The nature of these cross-channel interactions has been modeled in a variety of ways. Here we explored an alternative method of investigating cross-channel interactions that may lead to simpler models. Specifically, we measured a change in response as a function of increasing contrast of the stimulus when a mask is added, either surrounding or superimposed on the stimulus. The results of the experiment indicate that the model we apply is useful in explaining performance across a wide variety of contexts. While some of the data agrees with the physiological literature and some does not, the contributions of two parameters (response gain and contrast gain) can be adjusted in each condition to account for behavioral response data.
Advisors/Committee Members: Olzak, Lynn A.
Subjects: Behaviorial sciences
Keywords: Contrast sensitivity; response gain; contrast gain; discrimination; masking; orientation; spatial frequency
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