647 matches in the database.
These are records: 1 - 30.
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] … [22]
1.
Vabbilisetty, Pratima.
Fabrication and Characterization of Substrate Materials for Trace Analytical Measurements by Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) Spectroscopy Technique.
Degree: MS, Department of Chemistry, 2008, Youngstown State University
► The detection of various compounds using Surface enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) from…
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▼ The detection of various compounds using Surface enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) from colloidal suspensions of silver and gold colloids has been attempted. Different substrates have been utilized and SERS spectra for R6G, creatinine, imidazole and benzoic acid have been evaluated as a function of time. SERS investigations have been performed using model compounds to allow comparison between the substrates. Different concentrations of R6G have been used for the valuation of the analytical capabilities. Silver and gold colloids have been prepared and used for SERS measurements and for the fabrication of substrates having a layer of immobilized metal nanoparticles.
Advisors/Committee Members: Simeonsson, Josef B.
Subjects: Analytical chemistry; Chemistry; Electromagnetism; Materials science
Keywords: SERS; Raman scattering; fabrication and characterization; substrate materials; trace analytical measurements
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2.
Vadakkan, Mary F.
SURVIVAL: CULTURE-SPECIFIC RESOURCES FOR ASIAN INDIAN ELDERS IN THE COMMUNITY.
Degree: Master of Gerontological Studies, Gerontology, 2005, Miami University
► This study used in-depth interviews with eight Asian Indian elders and six…
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▼ This study used in-depth interviews with eight Asian Indian elders and six Asian Indian community leaders to explore how immigrant Asian Indian elders were getting by. This community based study explored culture-specific material and instrumental needs and resources of early and late immigrant elders from the perspectives of elders and community organization leaders. There was a mismatch between what elders themselves would like to see in the community versus what the organization leaders thought was the best option for elders. Family and informal networks played an integral part in providing services such as cleaning, shopping, transportation, entertainment and housing. This paper also describes the implications for service providers due to the diversity prevalent within the Asian Indian community. The lack of culture-specific resources found, such as availability of ethnic food in provider facilities will prove to be a major barrier to access resources.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kunkel, Suzanne.
Subjects: Gerontology
Keywords: culture-specific resources; Asian Indian immigrant elders
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3.
Vadapalli, Diwakar K.
Heterogeneity In Associational Memberships: A Latent Class Approach To The Empirics Of Social Capital.
Degree: PhD, Social Welfare, 2012, Case Western Reserve University
► Social capital, in the last few decades, has increasingly been recognized as…
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▼ Social capital, in the last few decades, has increasingly been recognized as an important resource in community development. This study subscribes to Bourdieu's (1986) conception of social capital as the aggregate of potential resources available to a person through his/her social networks. In spite of disagreements on the definitions of the concept, social networks are universally recognized as primary channels through which social capital is developed and/or exchanged. Consequently, empirical studies involving social capital at an individual level often rely on a simple count of associational memberships as one of the measures or as an indicator of social capital, ignoring the differences between types of associations. Diversity in types of associational memberships can be problematic for studies that measure social capital by counting these memberships. Statistical models assume that units in a sample are comparable and, thus, exchangeable. Hidden heterogeneity, due to the diversity in associational memberships in the data, implies that units are not comparable or exchangeable as assumed by the statistical procedures. Methodologically, the consequence of violating this assumption is that coefficients may be biased. 10 Conceptually, meaningful subsamples are probably being ignored. There may be subsamples that may help explain qualitative differences in social capital due to the differences between various types of memberships. Identifying and quantifying such heterogeneity helps improve the measurement of social capital and helps further specify the theory of its determinants. This study investigated the hidden heterogeneity due to the diversity in associational memberships among individuals, and identified possible subpopulations with distinct membership profiles. Latent class analysis was used to identify six distinct associational membership profiles in a national probability sample that responded to the World Values Survey at two points in time separated by a decade. Classes were described and examined to determine if they differ on key variables theoretically relevant to social capital. Although some statistically significant differences were identified between classes, differences between the classes on theoretically relevant variables were not significant. However, gender, age, employment, and marital status were found to be good predictors of class membership.
Advisors/Committee Members: Coulton, Claudia, J.
Subjects: Social Work
Keywords: Social capital, Exchangeability, Measurement
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4.
Vadde, Susheel Reddy.
Improving Tissue Elasticity Imaging Using A KALMAN Filter-Based Non-Rigid Motion Tracking Algorithm.
Degree: Master of Computing and Information Systems, Department of Computer Science and Information Systems, 2011, Youngstown State University
► Imaging biomechanical properties of biological tissues under deformation has strong implications to…
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▼ Imaging biomechanical properties of biological tissues under deformation has strong implications to many medical applications such as cancer detection and surgery planning. Quantifying the elasticity of soft tissue using an optical sensor is particularly attractive because it is non-invasive and easy to operate. However, the current computing method is plagued by the existence of noises in the two-frame optical flow solutions. In this thesis, a Kalman filter based tracking algorithm is examined, aiming to improve the quality of cumulative motion over a long video sequence. The proposed method is robust and is capable of handling non-rigid motion that is typical of soft tissue. Experiments of using videos of four rat tissue specimen subject to a biomechanical tensile test indicates that the proposed tracking method is very promising in generating a smooth, accurate, and continuous multiframe motion field. This type of multi-frame motion data not only allows us to compute a more accurate individual strain elastogram, but also provide valuable information for calibrating a series of relative strain images over the entire deformation process.
Advisors/Committee Members: Zhang, Yong.
Subjects: Computer Science; Information Systems
Keywords: Kalman Filter; Elastography; Multi Frame Motion
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5.
Vaddhireddy, Jyothirmye.
A Novel Swarm Intelligence based IWD Algorithm for Routing in MANETs.
Degree: MS, Electrical Engineering, 2011, University of Toledo
► In this thesis a new routing protocol for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANETs)…
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▼ In this thesis a new routing protocol for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANETs) has been developed and simulated. The protocol is named IWDHocNet. With the explosion of technology, the networks are becoming increasingly diverse and heterogeneous. MANETs do not require a fixed infrastructure whereas simple wireless networks require an infrastructure and access points connected to a backbone. In MANETs all the nodes act as routers and participate in discovery and maintenance of routes. These features of MANET pose extra challenges for routing. IWDHocNet addresses the challenges of MANET. IWDHocNet protocol takes its inspiration from how the swarm of water drops moves through the rivers to find the optimum path. The protocol was simulated in NS-2 simulator under a variety of network conditions by varying the node mobility and data traffic. The performance of the protocol was compared with two other established routing protocols such as AODV and DSDV. The comparisons were made based on three performance metrics – packet delivery ratio, average end-to-end delay and average routing load. We have found when the mobility of network is not very fast, the performance of the network is comparable to DSDV and AODV. However, for dynamic network with highly mobile nodes, AODV outperformed IWDHocNet, although the performance was still comparable with DSDV in some situations. IWDHocNet is proactive in its current form. For future work, it is proposed to adapt the IWDHocNet routing protocol to be reactive like AODV as it may improve the performance.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kaur, Devinder.
Subjects: Electrical Engineering
Keywords: MANETs; Intelligent Water Drops; Swarm Intelligence; Routing
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6.
Vadia, Jigar.
Planar Cable Direct Driven Robot: Hardware Implementation.
Degree: MS, Mechanical Engineering (Engineering), 2003, Ohio University
► The planar cable-direct-driven-robot was designed, constructed, simulated and controlled in this thesis.…
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▼ The planar cable-direct-driven-robot was designed, constructed, simulated and controlled in this thesis. A new design of cross cable configuration was implemented. The kinematics, statics and dynamics modeling of the proposed design were derived. The static workspace was determined for the new design. Only the translational CDDR whose end-effector may be fitted with a traditional serial wrist mechanism to provide rotational freedom was considered in this thesis. The robot was simulated using Simulink and Matlab software. The hardware of the cable-direct-driven-robot was designed and constructed. The hardware was interfaced with the computer. Wincon software and Quanser control boards were used for real time implementation. The inverse kinematics of the robot was implemented for generating linear and circular trajectory in real time control. The independent cable length PD controller was implemented for the Cartesian coordinated control. The repeatability of the CDDR was evaluated.
Advisors/Committee Members: Williams, Robert II.
Keywords: Cable Robots; Wire Robots; 3-degree of Freedom Robots; End Effector
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7.
Vadlamani, Ananth Kalyan.
Performance Improvement Methods for Terrain Database Integrity Monitors and Terrain Referenced Navigation.
Degree: MS, Computer Science (Engineering), 2004, Ohio University
► Terrain database integrity monitors and terrain-referenced navigation systems are based on performing…
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▼ Terrain database integrity monitors and terrain-referenced navigation systems are based on performing a comparison between stored terrain elevations with data from airborne sensors like radar altimeters, inertial measurement units, GPS receivers etc. This thesis introduces the concept of a spatial terrain database integrity monitor and discusses methods to improve its performance. Furthermore, this thesis discusses an improvement of the terrain-referenced aircraft position estimation for aircraft navigation using only the information from downward-looking sensors and terrain databases, and not the information from the inertial measurement unit. Vertical and horizontal failures of the terrain database are characterized. Time and frequency domain techniques such as the Kalman filter, the autocorrelation function and spectral estimation are designed to evaluate the performance of the proposed integrity monitor and position estimator performance using flight test data from Eagle/Vail, CO, Juneau, AK, Asheville, NC and Albany, OH.
Advisors/Committee Members: Ujit de Haag, Maarten.
Keywords: Terrain Database; Integrity Monitor; Terrain Referenced Navigation; Synthetic vision System
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8.
Vadlamani, Ananth Kalyan.
Airborne Laser Scanner Aided Inertial for Terrain Referenced Navigation in Unknown Environments.
Degree: PhD, Electrical Engineering (Engineering and Technology), 2010, Ohio University
► A dead-reckoning terrain referenced navigation (TRN) system that uses airborne laser ranging…
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▼ A dead-reckoning terrain referenced navigation (TRN) system that uses airborne laser ranging sensors to aid an aircraft inertial navigation system (INS) is presented. Improved navigation performance is achieved through estimation of vehicle velocity and position using terrain measurements. The system only uses aircraft sensors and simultaneously performs the dual functions of mapping and navigation in unknown environments. The theory, algorithms and results of the system performance are presented using simulations and flight test data.This dissertation focuses primarily on the use of dual airborne laser scanners (ALS) for aiding an INS. Dual ALS measurements are used to generate overlapping terrain models, which are then used to estimate the INS velocity and position errors and constrain its drift. By keeping track of its errors, a navigation-grade INS is aided in a feed-forward manner. This dead-reckoning navigation algorithm is generic enough to be easily extendable to use other optical sensors. Data integrity, sensor alignment and the effects of vegetation noise, attitude and heading accuracy are analyzed. Furthermore, a feedback coupled aiding scheme is presented in which a tactical-grade inertial measurement unit (IMU) is aided with dual ALS measurements by feeding the estimated velocity back into the IMU computations. The proposed system can potentially serve as a backup during temporary Global Positioning System (GPS) signal outages, or it can be used to coast for extended periods of time. Although it has elements of conventional TRN, this system does not require a terrain database since its in-flight mapping capability generates the terrain data for navigation. Hence, the system can be used in both non-GPS as well as unknown terrain environments. The navigation system is dead-reckoning in nature and errors accumulate over time, unless the system can be reset periodically by geo-referenced terrain data or a position estimate from another navigation aid.
Advisors/Committee Members: Uijt de Haag, Maarten.
Subjects: Electrical engineering
Keywords: Airborne Laser Scanner; Terrain Referenced Navigation; Unknown Environments; Alternative Navigation; Autonomous Aircraft Navigation
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9.
Vadlamani, Sirisha.
Study of 3'-Untranslated Region of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase and Identification of Other Targets of Gait Pathway.
Degree: MS, College of Science, 2008, Cleveland State University
► Macrophages and other leukocytes play a vital role during inflammation. IFN-γ which…
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▼ Macrophages and other leukocytes play a vital role during inflammation. IFN-γ which is secreted by Th1 cells activates monocyte-macrophages and this activation leads to induction as well as suppression of certain genes expressed during inflammation. This suppression of genes may be potentially vital for resolution of inflammation. Upon IFN-γ stimulation, a Gamma-activated inhibitor of translation complex (GAIT) is formed, which binds to 3'-UTR of target mRNAs thereby silencing their translation. VEGF-A and ceruloplasmin are two proteins whose translation is suppressed by this pathway. The GAIT complex proteins have been identified as ribosomal protein L13a, glutamyl-prolyl tRNA synthatase (EPRS), NS-1 associated protein 1 (NSAP-1), and glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) (Mazumder et al., 2003; Sampath et al., 2004). The cellular abundance of the proteins involved in GAIT complex formation is in excess of Cp or VEGF mRNA, so we hypothesize that there exists additional mRNAs that are subject to GAIT-mediated translational control. Hence further studies were done to investigate other possible targets of this pathway. A probable list of targets containing putative GAIT-like elements in 3'-UTR were obtained using pattern search, a bioinformatic approach (Ray and Fox, 2007). Among these targets, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was found to be of particular interest as nitric oxide which is produced by enzymatic activity of nitric oxide synthases, is central for the function of macrophages and also for early immune responses to invading microorganisms. Apart from iNOS, translational silencing of putative GAIT element bearing mRNAs of ADAM10, GLUT10, LITAF, GABA B receptor and mouse iNOS in their 3'-UTR was also investigated in IFN-γ treated monocytic cells which suggests that there might be additional targets of this pathway.
Advisors/Committee Members: Fox, Paul L.
Subjects: Cellular biology
Keywords: iNOS; GAIT; UTR; GAIT element; VEGF-A; IFN-γ; nitrite
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10.
Vadlamani, Tripura.
Development of a Multidimensional Scale of Ergonomic Factors Related to Employee Retention.
Degree: MS, Industrial and Systems Engineering (Engineering and Technology), 2010, Ohio University
► According to Bureau of Labor Statistics, during the next decade the annual…
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▼ According to Bureau of Labor Statistics, during the next decade the annual growth rate of the 55 year and above age group will be 4.1%, four times the rate of the overall workforce. Seventy-six million baby boomers are projected to retire in the next 30 years and only 46 million are entering the workforce. A need exists for the companies to overcome these labor shortages and the best way is to retain their older employees.Employee retention has been related to financial, social, health and job satisfaction factors. Although the presence of ergonomic factors has been linked to injury, limited research has been done in the past on the impact of ergonomic interventions on employee retention. The present study examined the various ergonomic risk factors related to physical and cognitive aspects of the job environment by conducting an employee retention survey. The relationship between the risk factors, tiredness, job satisfaction, age and intent to leave was explored. Results indicated that ergonomic factors predicted physical tiredness, job satisfaction and intent to leave.
Advisors/Committee Members: Schwerha, Diana J.
Subjects: Industrial Engineering
Keywords: ergonomics; aging worker; employee retention; factor analysis; regression analysis; job satisfaction
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11.
Vadnais, Matthew W.
According to the Scrippe: Speeches, Speech Order, and Performance in Shakespeare's Early Printed Play Texts.
Degree: PhD, Theatre, 2012, Ohio State University
► Shakespeare wrote his plays for performance. More specifically, Shakespeare wrote his plays…
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▼ Shakespeare wrote his plays for performance. More specifically, Shakespeare wrote his plays to be performed according to a particular set of practices by which authorial manuscripts were sundered into parts, distributed in pieces to players for private study, and reassembled in as few rehearsals as possible. Private study included the memorization of speeches and cues, one-to-three word signals for players to deliver their lines. Previous critics interested in authorial negotiation of historical performance practices have focused primarily upon the content of cues in early modern printed play texts. While cues were vital to early modern performers, the specific content of cues did little to ease the considerable difficulty of performance according to parts; early modern playwrights interested in efficient ways to provide players with assistance in real-time performance appear to have turned to the careful distribution and ordering of speeches. Because speeches were basic units by which early modern plays were written, performed, and printed, the authorial distribution and ordering of speeches proved remarkably stable as early modern play texts were transmitted from authorial manuscripts to printed play texts. In preparation of this dissertation, every speech in fifty-nine of Shakespeare’s printed play texts was counted; speeches were catalogued according to character distribution, scenic frequency, and speech order. The 47,902 speeches in Shakespeare’s corpus of printed play texts preserve patterns indicating how – by reducing the number of speeches for which a player was responsible at a given time and providing players with recognizable and intuitive patterns of speech order that made cues easier to recognize while providing options in the event of a misheard or misremembered cue – Shakespeare wrote his plays to be efficiently rehearsed and accurately performed. Though the glimpses of performative authorship provided by the distribution and ordering of speeches in printed play texts are relevant to the entirety of early modern drama, the study limits its scope to the play texts of Shakespeare because of complexities unique to his printed corpus: several of Shakespeare’s plays were printed in radically different versions separated by as many as thirty years. A comparison of the distribution and ordering of speeches in Shakespeare’s variant play texts suggests a need to re-think accepted narratives of Shakespeare’s career and related notions of Shakespearean authorship. Contrary to several hundred years’ worth of criticism understanding the earliest versions of Shakespeare’s plays to be derivative copies of their lengthier Folio printings distorted by, through, and for performance, the variations between versions of Shakespeare’s plays cannot be accounted for by early modern performance practices. The shorter variant play texts appear to have been written to ease the difficulties of performance; the longer variant play texts appear to have been revised to ease the difficulties of subsequent performance. Reading Shakespeare’s corpus as a chronological series of simultaneously performative and authorial artifacts, we are able to finally reconcile the activities of Shakespeare, the man-of-the-theatre with those of Shakespeare, the early modern author.
Advisors/Committee Members: Schlueter, Jennifer.
Subjects: Literature; Theater History
Keywords: Shakespeare; Shakespeare in performance; original staging practices; Shakespearean revision
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12.
Vadnal, Jonathan.
Epigenetic Mechanisms in Neurodegenerative Disease.
Degree: PhD, College of Arts and Sciences / School of Biomedical Sciences, 2012, Kent State University
► Susceptibility to complex neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Multiple…
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▼ Susceptibility to complex neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Multiple Sclerosis (MS) can result from both genetic and environmental influences. Different types of external environmental influences such as exposure to toxins and malnutrition as well as environmental stresses within a cell, such as oxidative damage and excitotoxicity, can alter gene transcription through epigenetic mechanisms. Two of these epigenetic mechanisms are histone acetylation and methylation of cytosine residues of DNA. Although these mechanisms have been investigated in other diseases, their role in neurodegenerative disease remains unknown. Changes in gene expression due to changes in histone acetylation and methylation status were examined as a novel system for understanding the physiology of AD, MS and other neuropathologies. Treatment of mice with the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) led to increases in acetyl-L-lysine protein levels and differential gene expression. Genes susceptible to acetylation imbalances induced by trichostatin A were examined for overlaps with cellular pathways and human disease. Overlaps were found with DNA repair, chromatin remodeling, and methionine metabolism pathways, as well as other microarray studies that examined early-onset AD. Treatment of mice with L-methionine led to an increase in DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) but not Methionine adenosyltransferase I, alpha (MAT1A). Microarray expression analysis of L-methionine treated mice was also performed, but the results were inconclusive. Studies were also performed to examine methylation differences in the GAD1 promoter region between MS and control frontal, parietal, and motor cortex. Bisulfite sequencing identified three variably methylated CpG sites, and quantitative PCR was performed on immunoprecipitated methylation-enriched DNA fractions to determine differences in GAD1 promoter region methylation; however, no significant differences in GAD1 promoter methylation were found. These studies offer the first characterization of the role epigenetic mechanisms play in neurodegenerative disease.
Advisors/Committee Members: McDonough, Jennifer.
Subjects: Biology; Biomedical Research; Genetics; Neurobiology
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13.
Vadnerkar, Sarang.
An Algorithm for the design of a programmable current mode filter cell.
Degree: MS, Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2010, Ohio State University
► In this thesis , an algorithm for the automatic design of a…
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▼ In this thesis , an algorithm for the automatic design of a current mode filter cell for continuous time filters is proposed. The approach accepts the behavioral description ( cut off frequency, quality factor,linearity and noise requirements ) of the filter cell and provides an efficient implementation of the desired transfer function meeting the specified noise and linearity requirements. The dominant non linearity and the noise contributors in the filter cell have been identified and modeled. The algorithm incorporates the non-linearity and the noise model.The filter cell is programmable and can be used in the baseband channel select filter for multi-standard filters.This algorithm increases the ease of usage of the filter cell for new users. With numerous multi-standard filters published in literature , this algorithm is an ideal tool which would help users evaluate the performance of the filter cell and easily adapt it for newer specifications. The filter cell has been implemented in TSMC 0.18 um technology with a supply voltage of 3.3V.An example implementation for a low pass second order butterworth filter based on the output of the algorithm is also presented.
Advisors/Committee Members: Ismail, Dr. Mohammed.
Subjects: Electrical engineering
Keywords: analog automation; filter cell; current mode; DCCF; algorithm; multi-standard filter; baseband analog filter
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14.
Vadysirisack, Douangsone D.
Modulation of sodium iodide symporter expression and activity at post-translational levels.
Degree: PhD, Integrated Biomedical Science, 2007, Ohio State University
► Sodium iodide symporter (NIS) is a membrane glycoprotein that mediates iodide uptake…
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▼ Sodium iodide symporter (NIS) is a membrane glycoprotein that mediates iodide uptake into thyroid and several extra-thyroidal tissues. NIS is the basis for the post-operative use of radioiodide in detection and targeted ablation of differentiated thyroid cancer. However, NIS expression/function is reduced or absent in advanced thyroid cancer. NIS functional expression in non-targeted tissues contributes to adverse effects of radioiodide therapy. Further studies of the regulatory mechanisms of NIS expression/function are important to maximize the efficacy of radioiodide therapy and to extend the utility of exogenous NIS as an imaging reporter gene. Nasolacrimal duct obstruction is a complication associated with radioiodide therapy. NIS protein was detected in the columnar epithelial cells of normal lacrimal sac, but absent in lacrimal sacs from I131-treated patients, suggesting that active radioiodide uptake mediated by NIS may be responsible for radiation-induced injury of the lacrimal sac following radioiodide therapy. The extent of radioiodide uptake can vary among different cell types expressing exogenous NIS. Exogenous NIS proteins were targeted to cell surface in cell lines expressing various levels of exogenous NIS. In addition, a moderate increased in NIS protein levels markedly increased radioiodide uptake. Further increases in cell surface NIS levels did not translate into further increases in radioiodide uptake beyond a certain range, suggesting that NIS is not the sole factor dictating the extent of radioiodide uptake. MEK inhibition increased NIS protein levels in thyroid cells, yet decreased radioiodide uptake in cells expressing either endogenous or exogenous NIS. The possible effects of MEK inhibition on cell surface NIS levels, NIS binding affinity for I-, and iodide efflux were excluded. MEK inhibition decreased NIS velocity of iodide transport without decreasing NIS cell surface levels, suggesting that MEK inhibition decreased NIS activity at post-translational level. In vivo phosphorylation sites in NIS were identified by mass spectrometry analysis. Site-directed mutagenesis indicates that phosphorylation status of S43 and S581 appears to modulate velocity of iodide transport of NIS, whereas phosphorylation status of T577 may be important for NIS protein stability. Taken together, NIS protein levels/functional activity can be modulated by phosphorylation through distinct mechanisms.
Advisors/Committee Members: Jhiang, Sissy M.
Subjects: Biology, Molecular
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15.
Vafadari, Abtin.
Study of Thermal Degradation for Solid Amines During CO2 Capture Cycling and Mechanism of Porous Polymer Formation.
Degree: MS, Chemical Engineering, 2011, University of Akron
► Global warming has become one of the major concerns of the industrial…
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▼ Global warming has become one of the major concerns of the industrial world. Among the pollutants, CO2 has the highest impact on the climate change. Many techniques have been proposed to capture carbon dioxide from exhaust gas of the plants and factories. Temperature swing adsorption (TSA) is the most promising technique for CO2 capture due to low capital cost, heat of regeneration, toxicity and corrosive properties. Amine based sorbents can be applied for low temperature carbon dioxide separation from plant exhaust gases. Gas stream after passing through a packed adsorption bed will go to other separation units depending on requirements of the plant or it will be released into atmosphere. After the adsorption bed reaches into saturation point, control system will bypass that process unit and redirect the gas stream to another packed bed with fresh sorbents while the saturated bed is heating for regeneration. Thermal cycling in presence of exhaust gases can cause thermal and oxidative degradation of the sorbents over a long time frame. Also the high temperature of heating during the regeneration can cause some of the species to evaporate. For our in-house built sorbent, Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) is the amine source and EPON 826 is used to initiate the long chain polymers for holding the amine groups on the surface of the sorbents and inhibit them from evaporation. After exposure to a certain number of thermal cycles which causes sorbent degradation, they must be replaced with fresh sorbents but unit overhauls are costly and plant owners prefer to avoid that. There are two suggestions for reduction of overhaul costs due to sorbent deformation: One suggestion is to regenerate the sorbents in their original location by washing them with a cheap solution to improve the performance of the sorbents and the other was, to optimize the sorbents so they can resist to more number of thermal cycles. In this study, the amine degradation due to thermal cycling was studied and it was proved that irreversible reactions between CO2 and amine groups or chemisorbed species are the reasons for degradation of sorbents. The other issue in CO2 adsorption by amine based sorbents is the evaporation of amines which can cause environmental issues. By making a porous polymer to replace solid sorbents evaporation of amines to atmosphere can be avoided. After concentration optimization and rapid heating the liquid phase polymers, porous polymer with high porosity was achieved. Although this polymer had a good number of macro pores but it did not have enough capture capacity, further investigation is required to address this issue.
Advisors/Committee Members: Chuang, Steven S.C.
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16.
VAGEDES, KASEY M.
CHANGES IN DIET QUALITY AND BLOOD PRESSURE AMONG ADOLESCENTS WITH HYPERTENSION IN RESPONSE TO A DIETARY INTERVENTION EMPHASIZING FRUITS, VEGETABLES AND LOW-FAT DAIRY PRODUCTS.
Degree: MS, Allied Health Sciences : Nutrition, 2005, University of Cincinnati
► Purpose. To evaluate the post-treatment and short-term follow-up efficacy of a 3-month…
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▼ Purpose. To evaluate the post-treatment and short-term follow-up efficacy of a 3-month nutrition intervention emphasizing fruits, vegetables and dairy products for adolescents with hypertension and pre-hypertension initiated in a primary care setting and extended through telephone and mail contacts. Methods. 46 adolescents with hypertension or pre-hypertension were randomly assigned to either a multiple component nutrition intervention program (the DASH-4-Teens program, n=23) or a single session with a dietitian (usual care, n=23). Weight, height, dietary intake and blood pressure were assessed before treatment, after the 3-month treatment, and at 3-month follow-up. Results. Completers of the DASH-4-Teens intervention had a significantly greater intake of fruits and related nutrients (potassium and magnesium), and lower intake of high sodium, high fat foods, and % of kcals from total fat and saturated fat compared to completers of the usual care intervention at post-treatment. There was a trend for completers of the DASH-4-Teens intervention to have a greater intake of low fat dairy products post-treatment and at 3-month follow-up compared to participants of the usual care intervention. DASH completers experienced a greater drop in systolic blood pressure at post-treatment than completers of the usual care intervention. Conclusion. A telephone and mail-based nutrition intervention emphasizing fruits, vegetables and low-fat dairy foods, initiated in primary care, resulted in significant improvements in diet quality and systolic blood pressure relative to nutrition care typically provided to adolescents with hypertension. This innovative and effective nutrition intervention approach could be a means of improving the cardiovascular health of hypertensive adolescents in the clinical setting.
Advisors/Committee Members: Couch, Sarah.
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17.
VAGHEESWAR, V. SATHYA.
DESIGN OF ALU AND DUAL PORT SRAM CELLS FOR IMPLEMENTATION IN RISC BASED PROCESSING ELEMENTS.
Degree: MS, Engineering : Electrical Engineering, 2003, University of Cincinnati
► The importance and the need for photonic CMOS information processing systems has…
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▼ The importance and the need for photonic CMOS information processing systems has been well emphasized over the last decade due to the following advantages: massive parallelism/ high bandwidth communication cost of implementation of CMOS, reliability of the data that is transferred, reliability of the CMOS process. Previously, these photonic systems, also called “Smart Pixels” were available with the chips being designed and implemented as Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) rather than generically programmable microprocessors. The movement of data in a computer is unlike the movement of traffic in a city. The downtown which is the center of activity is the slowest with the speed increasing as we move away. In a computing system, the activity is the fastest near the core and it slows drastically as we move to the peripheral devices. The importance of optical interconnects are slowly getting the attention it needed as the current technology is not able to keep up with the insatiable need for high bandwidth communication of today and years to come. What is the point in getting the processors to perform in the tens of giga-hertz when the bus speeds are only in the hundreds of mega-hertz? The importance of optical interconnects comes into play at this juncture. Normally, the optical part gets into prominence as the medium of data transfer. In this research project, I am presenting the design of ALU and Dual port SRAM cells that formed part of a programmable architecture denoted CASPR-2 (Configurable Architecture for Smart Pixel Research) that fits into either ends of the optical medium, as processors of the transmitted optical signals.
Advisors/Committee Members: Beyette, Jr., Dr. Fred R.
Keywords: ALU; Dual port; SRAM; RISC; processing elements
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18.
Vaghefi, Negin Gitiban.
The role of innate immunity in protection against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).
Degree: PhD, Pathology, 2006, Ohio State University
► Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common viral cause of lower…
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▼ Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common viral cause of lower respiratory tract disease in infants and children. The incidence of RSV infection worldwide is high among infants, children, immunosuppressed adults, and the elderly. Despite the fact that nearly all individuals are infected by the age of two, complete immunological protection is never attained and re-infections are common throughout life. Currently, there is no licensed vaccine or effective therapy against RSV, and vaccine development has been hampered by the legacy of enhanced lung disease observed during trials of a formalin-inactivated, alum precipitated whole virus RSV (FIRSV) formulation. Other obstacles in designing an effective vaccine against RSV include its weak immunogenicity and the ability of viral proteins to induce an allergic-type memory response. Since the upper respiratory tract is never effectively protected against RSV infection, of particular need are vaccines that induce a sterilizing mucosal immune response. The experiments detailed herein demonstrate poor stimulation of innate defenses following RSV infection and test the hypothesis that the inability to induce a robust innate response following RSV infection hinders the development of a protective adaptive immune response against this virus and may therefore contribute to the high frequency of re-infections throughout life.
Advisors/Committee Members: Durbin, Joan E.
Subjects: Health Sciences, Immunology
Keywords: Interferon; Respiratory; Vaccine; Recombinant
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19.
Vago, Alexandra A.
A Semiological Analysis of Contemporary Christian Music (CCM) as Heard on 95.5 WFHM-FM Cleveland, Ohio “The Fish” Radio Station (July 2001 to July 2006).
Degree: PhD, College of the Arts / School of Music, 2011, Kent State University
► Contemporary Christian Music (CCM) became accessible to a wider audience in Northeastern…
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▼ Contemporary Christian Music (CCM) became accessible to a wider audience in Northeastern Ohio through the appropriation of 95.5 FM, the locally owned and operated all-classical music radio station in Cleveland, Ohio. CCM established its local presence on July 3, 2001 with the first morning show program broadcast on 95.5 WFHM-FM “The Fish” radio station. This dissertation posits that CCM text as heard on 95.5 “The Fish” functions as a didactic tool for sanctification, which is a process that frees one from sin. It is argued that CCM text uses popular music styles and song forms to convey the message of sanctification by reflecting the process as a lifelong journey and demonstrating the essential dyadic relationship between God and humankind.
Advisors/Committee Members: Seachrist, Denise.
Subjects: Gender; Music; Religion
Keywords: Contemporary Christian Music; CCM; "The Fish"; Sanctification
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20.
Vahid, Amir.
An Efficient Molecular Theory And Simulation Methodology For Explicit Treatment Of Polarity.
Degree: PhD, Chemical Engineering, 2012, University of Akron
► This dissertation pursues four research studies based on enhancing the combination of…
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▼ This dissertation pursues four research studies based on enhancing the combination of discontinuous molecular dynamics simulation (DMD) and thermodynamic perturbation theory (TPT) as the foundation of an efficient methodology for molecular modeling with chemical engineering applications. The general hypothesis is that molecular simulation can be accelerated through the judicious application of thermodynamic theories. The first part of this dissertation relates to the variation of zeroth, first, and second order TPT trends for polymers with many molecular architectures including linear, ring, and branch structures. The TPT trends have been analyzed with respect to molecular weight and each TPT contribution approaches an asymptote at long chain limit. This means that we could rely on theory and correlation that could explain such behavior without the need for simulation at infinite chain length and behaviors at intermediate chain lengths can be inferred effectively by interpolation. The second part of this work is about the excess entropy of mixing for polymer solutions with different molecular structures. Polymeric mixtures of hydrocarbons and alcohols have been simulated with discontinuous potential models to characterize the Helmholtz energy of the repulsive reference fluids. This quantity is equivalent to the athermal mixture entropy. The asymptotic trends indicate that branches and rings are softer than n-alkanes. In other words, the excess entropy is larger for straight chains than for branched and/or ring hydrocarbons with the same number of carbons. We also observe trends that lead to precise characterizations and accurate predictions of the entropic contribution to the χ parameter (χS) of Flory-Huggins theory for mixtures of all sizes, shapes, and compositions of molecular structures.Knowing these general trends permits interpolation and computation at multiple state points without need of additional simulations. The third part of the dissertation considers the aqueous phase behavior of glyme compounds, poly ethylene glycol (PEG), and poly ethylene oxide (PEO). First, the phase behavior of dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether in water has been investigated by transferable potentials with several specifications of step potentials. The aqueous glyme and PEO systems are notable for exhibiting a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) with a minimum solubility at 333 K. Combinations of DMD and TPT are shown to provide an efficient basis for characterizing this complex phase behavior, both microscopically and macroscopically. The method then has been extended to larger molecular weights and infinite chain length with robust characterization of the attraction (perturbation) terms. This study illustrates the broad scope that such an approach may cover. The fourth study introduces a new multiple time step simulation algorithm for simulating polar and associated fluids and implements the method for two applications. Both of these applications require imposing a continuous field on the discontinuous molecular dynamics (field biased DMD, FB-DMD) and/or discontinuous Monte Carlo (field biased DMC, FB-DMC) simulation. The first application pertains to the forces that arise from the continuous potential associated with the dihedral degrees of freedom of molecules. The resulting dihedral angle distribution for n-hexane is consistent with a modified version of the Polymer Consistent Force Field (PCFF) and the united atom version of Transferable Potentials for Phase Equilibria Force Field (TraPPE-UA). This application basically considers electrostatic interactions that act as a slowly varying continuous field. The hypothesis is that it is not necessary to update the Coulombic interactions after each collision and updating after 10 fs or more can improve the efficiency for treatment of long-range forces. After that the CMD/LAMMPS method has been implemented to characterize the polarity parameters of the TPT approach. These findings illustrate that a combined MD/TPT perspective should be feasible and that the improvements in computational efficiency would be rewarding.
Advisors/Committee Members: Elliott, J. Richard.
Subjects: Chemical Engineering
Keywords: Discontinuous molecular dynamics (DMD), thermodynamic perturbation theory (TPT), excess entropy, closed-loop diagrams, force biased simulation, polarity
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21.
Vahile, Sachin D.
Synthesis, Characterization and Photochemical Study of Potentially Emitting Tetrazine Derivatives.
Degree: MS, Chemistry, 2009, Bowling Green State University
► Tetrazines are aromatic compounds that consist of a six membered ring containing…
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▼ Tetrazines are aromatic compounds that consist of a six membered ring containing four nitrogens. They are not as much explored as light emitting materials as compared to other common organic compounds. Still they are likely to be important for as substrates for HEDM (High Energy Density Materials), sensors (for anions), important chromophoric materials (absorption and emission wavelengths in distinct regions), fluorescent probes (gives color to an organic compound) and possible day to day standard and useful organic molecular reference in photo physical studies. Much research still needs to be done on tetrazines in order to understand comparisons with the benzene ring with regard to reactivity, electron affinity, and photooptical properties as well as reaction mechanisms, as well as different types of reactions.A series of tetrazine derivatives with varying substitution patterns were successfully synthesized, characterized and preliminary photochemical studies were performed using them. Special quantitative 13C NMR techniques were employed in characterizing these compounds. Their emission wavelengths were found to be independent of the excitation wavelength. Longer singlet excited state life times of monosubstituted tetrazines were obtained which may be due to the formation of an intramolecular charge transfer state. A study of solvent effect based on polarity on these life times would be interesting to characterize the nature and stability of the formed charge transfer state.
Advisors/Committee Members: Anzenbacher, Pavel.
Subjects: Organic chemistry
Keywords: Tetrazines, Photochemistry, Substitution
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22.
Vaiana, Christopher Anthony.
Bio-Functionalized Clay Nanoparticles for Wound Healing Applications.
Degree: MS, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2011, Wright State University
► Wound healing is a complex, multi-step process that can be summarized into…
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▼ Wound healing is a complex, multi-step process that can be summarized into three stages, namely hemostasis and inflammation, proliferation, and finally tissue remodeling. Battlefield wound healing demands rapid hemostasis using clotting or cauterizing agents to immediately limit blood loss, but this occurs at the expense of proper tissue repair beyond hemostasis. Layered silicate clays such as kaolin and montmorillonite (MMT) have been previously shown to induce blood clotting due to their ability to form charged interactions with clotting factors. The charge characteristics of sodium MMT (Na-MMT) also enable functionalization with active biomolecules. Herein we first functionalize three types of alumoinosilicate clays, namely Na-MMT, kaolin, and halloysite with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as a model system with which to study the binding and biological activity of biomolecules bound to MMT. We then functionalized Na-MMT with epidermal growth factor (EGF) via ion exchange reaction to create a nanocomposite (MMT-EGF) with EGF occupying approximately 0.12 % of the Na+ exchange sites and conduct biochemical analysis of keratinocytes after treatment with MMT-EGF. Our results demonstrate that EGF immobilized on MMT retains the ability to activate the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGRF), causing phosphorylation of the AKT and MEK1 pathways, as well as upregulation of its downstream target gene expression involved in cell growth and migration. This study also shows that like EGF, MMT-EGF treatment can stimulate cell migration in vitro, which is dependent on ERK1/2 phosphorylation.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kadakia, Madhavi.
Subjects: Biochemistry
Keywords: wound healing; layered silicates; EGF; Montmorillonite
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23.
Vaidhyanathan, Shruthi.
Selection and Internalization Mechanisms of Targeting Ligands for Invasive Breast Cancer.
Degree: MS, Pharmacy: Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2010, University of Cincinnati
► Tumor-selective drug delivery strategies maximize efficacy of pharmacological agents while limiting undesirable,…
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▼ Tumor-selective drug delivery strategies maximize efficacy of pharmacological agents while limiting undesirable, off-target adverse events. The objective of this study was to identify novel peptide ligands that facilitate selective internalization of M13 bacteriophages in metastatic breast cancer and to assess endocytic pathways underlying cellular internalization of phage clones. Phage display technology allows identification of novel ligands for unknown receptors by functional screening of target cells using diverse libraries of peptides and proteins expressed as fusion with viral coat proteins. We performed four consecutive rounds of in vitro screening in the highly invasive, estrogen receptor-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line using a cyclic 7-mer peptide library expressed on the M13 bacteriophage platform. The SVP1 phage clone identified at the end of the screening expressed the cyclic CFSGGPFWC peptide as N-terminal fusion in the pIII coat protein of the M13 bacteriophage. Functional uptake studies found the SVP1 phage to be 6-fold more efficiently internalized in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells than the M13K07 control phage which did not express a targeting peptide. Preferential selectivity of the SVP1 phage clone for estrogen receptor-negative MDA-MB-231 cells was confirmed by comparing cellular uptake in estrogen-receptor positive MCF-7 breast cancer, PC-3 prostate cancer, ES-2 ovarian cancer, and Ishikawa endometrial cancer cells. To identify underlying mechanisms that contribute to SVP1 phage endocytosis, cellular uptake studies were performed using inhibitors of molecular regulators of different endocytosis pathways. The results from these studies suggest that the intracellular uptake of the SVP1 phage clone is ATP-dependent and requires functional dynamin, microfilament, and microtubule architecture. In addition our data support a significant contribution of macropinocytosis in the uptake of SVP1 phage in estrogen receptor-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Further experiments will explore therapeutic applications of chemically synthesized CFSGGPFWC ligand for targeted drug delivery systems in invasive breast cancer.
Advisors/Committee Members: Pauletti, Giovanni.
Subjects: Pharmaceuticals
Keywords: phage display; drug delivery; novel ligands; peptide; breast cancer; endocytosis
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24.
Vaidyanadeswaran, Arvind.
Circuit Techniques on Improving Timing and Noise in Dynamic CMOS.
Degree: MS, Electrical Engineering, 2011, Wright State University
► Dynamic CMOS are widely employed in high-performance CMOS chips due to high…
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▼ Dynamic CMOS are widely employed in high-performance CMOS chips due to high speed and less area in comparison with Static CMOS. However, Dynamic CMOS circuits are inherently less noise tolerant than Static CMOS circuits. This problem becomes more severe with aggressive technology scaling into nanometer process, particularly caused by the charge sharing, the sub-threshold leakage current, the power rail noise and the crosstalk noise. In this thesis, circuit techniques on improving both timing and noise of Dynamic CMOS are presented. A comparison with previous reported work is also presented. Simulations proved that the proposed circuit techniques can achieve a high level of timing optimization and noise tolerance. Finally, the effect of manufacturing process variations is taken into simulation to verify overall performance variation in delay uncertainty
Advisors/Committee Members: Chen, Henry.
Subjects: Electrical Engineering
Keywords: CMOS; circuit techniques
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25.
Vaidyanathan, Aarthy.
AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF HELICAL GEAR EFFICIENCY.
Degree: MS, Mechanical Engineering, 2009, Ohio State University
► In this study, a test methodology for measuring load-dependent (mechanical) and load-independent…
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▼ In this study, a test methodology for measuring load-dependent (mechanical) and load-independent power losses of helical gear pairs is developed. A high-speed four-square type test machine is adapted for this purpose. Several sets of helical gears having varying module, pressure angle and helix angle are procured, and their power losses under jet-lubricated conditions are measured at various speed and torque levels. The experimental results are compared to a helical gear mechanical power loss model from a companion study to assess the accuracy of the power loss predictions. The validated model is then used to perform parameter sensitivity studies to quantify the impact of various key gear design parameters on mechanical power losses and to demonstrate the trade off that must take place to arrive at a gear design that is balanced in all essential aspects including noise, durability (bending and contact) and power loss.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kahraman, Ahmet.
Subjects: Mechanical engineering
Keywords: Helical; gear; efficiency; gear design parameters
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26.
VAIDYANATHAN, GAYATHRI.
MODELING AND SIMULATION OF A CYCLIC DIGITAL-TO-ANALOG CONVERTER USING VHDL-AMS.
Degree: MS, Engineering : Computer Engineering, 2006, University of Cincinnati
► As is well known, the transistor density is ever increasing and so…
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▼ As is well known, the transistor density is ever increasing and so is the demand for wireless devices. Thus, one of the booming areas in the field of integrated circuit design is Systems-on-Chip (SOC) design. SOCs are becoming highly complex, and have digital, mixed-signal, and analog components to satisfy the growing demands of communication applications. As mentioned above, digital circuits may be modeled using VHDL, and the procedure for defining digital model in VHDL is well known. But there is not a well defined method for modeling mixed-signal systems. The modeling of analog and mixed signal components in a top-down methodology is an intensive task and hence, effective modeling of these components can drastically decrease the time taken for design and verification of the complex SOCs. This, in turn will decrease the time-to-market. In this thesis, we propose a top-down design methodology to model a cyclic digital-toanalog converter (DAC). We have chosen the cyclic DAC because of the low-power alternatives and compactness in terms of circuit when compared to other DAC architectures. We have shown how the top-down design methodology can reduce the simulation time of the mixed-signal system at the top-level of abstraction without compensating much on accuracy of the model. The DAC is modeled and simulated at various levels of abstraction and fidelity, using VHDL-AMS. This generic DAC can be used to model a range of inputs that are specified by the user, and which conforms to the desired system specifications.
Advisors/Committee Members: Carter, Dr. Harold W.
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27.
VAIDYANATHAN, KARTHIKEYAN.
HIGH PERFORMANCE AND SCALABLE SOFT SHARED STATE FOR NEXT-GENERATION DATACENTERS.
Degree: PhD, Computer and Information Science, 2008, Ohio State University
► In the past decade, with the increasing adoption of Internet as theprimary…
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▼ In the past decade, with the increasing adoption of Internet as theprimary means of electronic interaction and communication, web-based datacenters have become a central requirement for providing online services. Today, several applications and services have been deployed in such datacenters in a variety of environments including e-commerce, medical informatics, genomics, etc. Most of these applications and services share significant state information that are critical for the efficient functioning of the datacenter. However, existing mechanisms for sharing the state information are both inefficient in terms of performance and scalability, and non-resilient to loaded conditions in the datacenter. In addition, existing mechanisms do not take complete advantage of the features of emerging technologies which are gaining momentum in current datacenters. This dissertation presents an efficient soft state sharing substrate that leverages the features of emerging technologies such as high-speed networks, Intel's I/OAT and multicore architectures to address the limitations mentioned above. Specifically, the dissertation targets three important aspects: (i) designing efficient state sharing components using the features of emerging technologies, (ii) understanding the interactions between the proposed components and (iii) analyzing the impact of the proposed components and their interactions with datacenter applications and services in terms of performance, scalability and resiliency. Our evaluations with the soft state sharing substrate not only show an order of magnitude performance improvement over traditional implementations but also demonstrate the resiliency to loaded conditions in the datacenter. Evaluations with several datacenter applications also suggest that the substrate is scalable and has a low-overhead. The proposed substrate is portable across multiple modern interconnects such as InfiniBand, iWARP-capable networks like 10-Gigabit Ethernet both in LAN and WAN environments. In addition, our designs provide advanced capabilities such as one-sided communication, asynchronous memory copy operations, etc., even on systems without high-speed networks and I/OAT. Thus, our proposed designs, optimizations and evaluations demonstrate that the substrate is quite promising in tackling the state sharing issues with current and next-generation datacenters.
Advisors/Committee Members: Panda, Dhabaleswar K.
Subjects: Computer science
Keywords: Shared state; datacenter; RDMA; high performance networks; I/OAT; multicore-aware state sharing
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29.
Vaidyanathan, Siddharth.
Electrochemical Characteristics of Conductive Polymer Composite based Supercapacitors.
Degree: MS, Engineering and Applied Science: Materials Science, 2012, University of Cincinnati
► Supercapacitors are devices that store large amount of charge. Supercapacitors can play…
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▼ Supercapacitors are devices that store large amount of charge. Supercapacitors can play a key role in the drive towards a cleaner and greener environment. This research focuses on the properties of electrochemical cells and the application of conductive polymer composites as effective electrode materials in a supercapacitor. The effect of electrochemical cell parameters like distance of separation, electrolyte and separator material on the overall capacitance was studied. An innovative two electrode cell design was developed to facilitate these measurements. Conductive polymer composites were prepared using physical milling and pressed into pellets using hot pressing and normal pressing techniques. The characterization of conductive polymer composite electrode based supercapacitors was carried out using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and chronopotentiometry. The performance of two polymers (polyaniline and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) with different levels of conductivity was compared, in order to understand the double layer capacitance and pseudo-capacitance mechanisms. The surface properties, crystal structure and chemical composition were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction.
Advisors/Committee Members: Buchanan, Relva.
Subjects: Materials Science
Keywords: Supercapacitor; Conductive polymer composite; Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene; Polyaniline
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30.
Vaidyanathan, Vandana T.
Looking beyond the adoption decision in innovation research: investigating innovation implementation.
Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2004, Ohio State University
► Researchers have long been calling for an increased focus on a process-oriented…
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▼ Researchers have long been calling for an increased focus on a process-oriented approach to understanding the implementation of innovations. This research builds upon a framework of implementation originally proposed by Klein and Sorra in 1996, and empirically tests an enhanced model of antecedents and consequences of innovation implementation. Specifically, climate for implementation, compatibility, and project slack were hypothesized to be related to implementation effectiveness. Implementation effectiveness was hypothesized to be related to innovation effectiveness, or the consequences to the organization. Reinvention (the degree to which the innovation has been modified) was expected to moderate this relationship. The perceived need to maintain fidelity to the original innovation was expected to moderate the relationship between extent of reinvention and innovation effectiveness. The data for this study consists of data gathered from key informants in fifty mental health agencies in Ohio using surveys and interviews. Climate for implementation, compatibility, and project slack were each significantly related to implementation effectiveness. Interestingly, climate for implementation explained the most variance in implementation effectiveness. Implementation effectiveness was related to innovation effectiveness, but this relationship was not moderated by extent of reinvention. Reinvention was negatively related to innovation effectiveness, and this relationship was moderated by the perceived need to maintain fidelity to the original innovation model. Overall, implementation effectiveness mediated the effect of compatibility and project slack, respectively, on innovation effectiveness. Implementation effectiveness, however, did not mediate the influence of Climate for implementation on innovation effectiveness. This research makes a number of contributions to the innovation literature. Implications for theory development and application are discussed.
Advisors/Committee Members: Billings, Robert.
Keywords: Innovation implementation; Climate for implementation; Diffusion of innovations; Organizational innovation; Innovation in health care; Innovation adoption
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