2614 matches in the database.
These are records: 1 - 30.
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] … [88]
2.
Haak, Christopher J.
Direct-to-DVD: From Syfy to the Majors.
Degree: MA, Film Scholarship (Fine Arts), 2010, Ohio University
► The direct-to-DVD market is an understudied aspect of the film industry. By…
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▼ The direct-to-DVD market is an understudied aspect of the film industry. By focusing on Syfy, as both exhibitor and financier of direct-to-DVD movies, and the Majors’ direct-to-DVD divisions, I will show how these two distinct systems interact with the home video market. Initially one would think that these two systems, Syfy with its ultra low budget action and horror movies and the Majors more typical direct-to-DVD fare, would be in competition with one another, however, this is not the case. The Majors are not attempting to edge out the mini studios by producing a glut of movies at the $1-2 million range; instead they leave that to mini studios and focus on fewer, bigger titles.
Advisors/Committee Members: Schwartz, Louis-Georges.
Subjects: Business Costs; Economics; Film Studies
Keywords: Direct-to-DVD; Syfy; The Asylum; DVD economics; Made-for-TV
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4.
Haan, Christina.
The Emperor and the Pope: the Challenge of Orchestrating For the Organ and the Orchestra.
Degree: DMA, College-Conservatory of Music: Organ, 2012, University of Cincinnati
► This paper examines the possible meanings of statements made by Hector Berlioz…
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▼ This paper examines the possible meanings of statements made by Hector Berlioz (1803-1869) and Richard Strauss (1864-1949) in Berlioz’s Grand Traité d’Instrumentation et d’Orchestration modernes about the difficulties of composing for organ and orchestra, and their advice on how to solve these difficulties. (Strauss later published this treatise with his own comments interpolated.) Although most orchestral instruments and organs Berlioz could have heard have changed in design since his day, our team—a musician, an engineer, and an engineer-musician—searched present day combinations for the possible existence of the difficulties described. Recordings were made of Principal and Reed stops on three organs built by different companies and installed in different acoustics. The harmonic frequencies of these stops were compared with those of four selected orchestral instruments—violin, flute, oboe, and horn—to determine if there is a fundamental inability to tune with the organ. Our team concluded that flutes and oboes can make instantaneous adjustments and tune perfectly with the organ, but violins and horns produce much dissonance. Berlioz’s Te Deum, Op. 22, Strauss’s Also sprach Zarathustra, Op. 30, Saint-Saëns’s Symphony No. 3 in C Minor, and Widor’s Symphony No. 3 in E Minor were examined to observe the techniques used by each composer to orchestrate for organ and orchestra.
Advisors/Committee Members: Zierolf, Robert.
Subjects: Music
Keywords: the emperor and the pope; orchestrating for organ and orchestra
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5.
Haan, Tara Jo.
Effects of Wildfire on Water Quality and Benthic Macroinvertebrate Communities of a Chihuahuan Desert Spring System.
Degree: MS, Zoology, 2012, Miami University
► Wildfire disturbances affect resource availability and alter community composition in arid environments.…
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▼ Wildfire disturbances affect resource availability and alter community composition in arid environments. Traditionally, fire effects on arid-land aquatic ecosystems are under-studied compared to terrestrial ecosystems. Chihuahuan Desert spring systems offer a unique opportunity to study such effects on macroinvertebrate community resistance and resilience. I took advantage of a rare opportunity to employ a BACI design to observe changes in water quality and macroinvertebrate communities to wildfire in a spring system on Bitter Lake National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico. The results suggest significant water quality and species-specific response to wildfire. I observed an increase in an endangered snail, Juturnia kosteri, but there were no significant community-based changes. These results suggest that arid-land aquatic communities can be resistant to abiotic/biotic changes caused by wildland fire. With climate change predicted to increase the frequency and intensity of arid-land fires, aquatic communities may be more vulnerable to severe events in the future.
Advisors/Committee Members: Berg, Dr. David.
Subjects: Aquatic Sciences; Conservation; Zoology
Keywords: Wildfire; disturbance; macroinvertebrate communities; endangered species; water quality
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6.
Haas, Adam John.
Association of Fecal Coliform Levels in Kansas Streams and Prevalence of Infection with Escherichia Coli.
Degree: MS, Medicine : Epidemiology (Environmental Health), 2006, University of Cincinnati
► Changes in livestock operations over the past decade have led to concern…
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▼ Changes in livestock operations over the past decade have led to concern over the increased number of Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs) in the United States. These livestock facilities can impair surface and groundwaters with high levels of nitrogen and pathogens. Utilizing geostatistical simulations of fecal coliform levels, this study aimed to assess the impact of livestock operations on prevalence of Escherichia Coli in Kansas between 1997 and 2003. Fecal coliform levels were negatively associated with prevalence of E. Coli. in all years, although only reaching significance in 1998. Empirical Bayes estimates indicated higher prevalence dominating the western part of the state. The negative association with E. Coli suggest that prolonged exposure to high fecal coliform levels may be protective against infection. Other studies have indicated that previous exposure to E. Coli. may result in partial resistance or complete immunity to subsequent infection.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dietrich, Dr. Kim.
Subjects: Health Sciences, Public Health
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7.
Haas, Anne E.
Political process, activism, and health.
Degree: PhD, Sociology, 2005, Ohio State University
► Conventional women are saturated with mass media images depicting very thin, attractive…
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▼ Conventional women are saturated with mass media images depicting very thin, attractive women. These images impose ideals that are impossible for most women to meet in a healthy way. This study examines the substantive issue of women's body appearance, aging, and related health outcomes, including eating disorders, and how these might be mediated and improved by activist political process. Concepts from social movements and social-psychological perspectives are integrated into what I call the political process model—a model that delineates how activists become socialized and immersed in alternative political networks that influence subsequent activities, ideas, and identities. I use this model to test the ability of activists to sustain commitment to their causes, including those that relate to women’s bodies, over time. The process that connects the concepts in this model (i.e., pivotal events, collective identity, pivotal departures, empowerment, and health) provides the conceptual framework to which my analytic strategy derives. I address four research expectations using triangulated quantitative and qualitative methods, and draw original data sources. Original survey data on female activists and non-activists are used to test whether the two groups differ in their politics, daily routines, and several dimensions of health (e.g., use of conventional versus non-conventional medical care, eating habits, etc.). Secondly, I relate political process, collective identity and health by intertwining two qualitative research methods. These include qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) of variables from the survey data, and interpretive analysis of open-ended interviews. QCA results reveal unique configurations of attributes affecting aspects of activists’ daily routines and health. Combined with interview materials, findings relate how political processes build personal and collective identities and shape health related behaviors and outcomes. The third part of my analytic strategy relies on interpretive analysis of activists’ interviews to assess how networks and the community rituals matter. The interview and participant observation data support the expectation that women activists’ experiences at various “pivotal” life course stages hold positive implications for health. In sum, the linking of QCA and interpretive analyses demonstrates the importance of the processes through which community membership matters. The political process model is supported by findings based on the cross-methodologies used. Substantively, I find that political process is related to women’s sustained, positive body image and aging health. Activist commitment is bolstered by social networks that support conventional, non-institutional, and political/cultural behaviors, such as avoiding harmful mass media images. I also advance broad theoretical goals by articulating the interrelatedness of the three processes of collective identity formative, and by elaborating on the social-psychological impact of social movements and social movement membership.
Advisors/Committee Members: Roscigno, Vincent.
Subjects: Sociology, Theory and Methods
Keywords: activist political process; social movements; collective identity; pivotal events
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8.
Haas, Caroline Marie Burrell.
Effect of Massage-Like Compressive Loading on Muscle Mechanical Properties.
Degree: PhD, Biomedical Engineering, 2012, Ohio State University
► Acute and chronic skeletal muscle pain and weakness are among the most…
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▼ Acute and chronic skeletal muscle pain and weakness are among the most common ailments treated by physicians. Minimizing this pain and weakness is of critical importance considering high exercise attrition rate in patients with muscle dysfunction, as well as the direct economic burden of physical inactivity, in excess of 76 billion dollars annually in the United States. Although the effectiveness of massage for overcoming muscle pain and weakness following exercise is limited to a few high quality studies, Americans make more than 160 million visits annually to seek relief of musculoskeletal weakness and pain by manipulative, body-based practices. However, neither the mechanisms of actions nor the effectiveness or optimal strategies for massage therapies have been conclusively demonstrated. In order to achieve an optimal efficacy for any therapy, it is essential to understand the molecular basis of its actions. In this dissertation, in vivo mechanisms of massage-mediated biomechanical signals that may limit muscle inflammation, weakness, and damage were explored. We determined a combined magnitude, frequency, and duration of massage (via a customized pneumatic device) that optimized functional recovery following eccentric exercise through quantification of active (peak isometric torque) and passive (stress relaxation) muscle mechanical properties. In particular by: (A) identifying the most effective combination of massage parameters (0.25 or 0.5 Hz, 5 or 10N, 15 or 30 min), (B) quantifying muscle membrane disruption and myofiber damage, and (C) using the quasi-linear viscoelasticity (QLV) model to study passive time-dependent responses of skeletal muscle to repeated massage-like compressive loading (MLL) following damaging eccentric exercise. Mechanical properties of the tibialis anterior of New Zealand White rabbits were tested prior to one bout of eccentric exercise, post exercise, and pre and post four consecutive days of massage. The contralateral hind limb served as the non-exercised control. The 0.5Hz, 10N, 15min protocol produced greatest peak torque recovery, values approximately equal to pre-eccentric exercise (EEX). There were no significant interactions between or among the parameters. This is the first evidence of a dose-response effect for magnitude and frequency of massage on recovery of in vivo active muscle properties following EEX. This relationship was also seen for the passive properties, with the 0.5Hz, 10N, 15 min protocol showing the an accelerated recovery of muscle viscoelastic properties. With no significant differences in either instantaneous elastic or reduced relaxation response of the muscle between the 0.5Hz, 10N, 15 and 30 min protocols. The previous work was extended by comparing the effect of immediate vs. delayed application of massage on peak torque recovery following intense EEX. While there is clinical significance of both immediate and delayed massage producing enhanced recovery compared to non-massaged control animals, massage beginning 48 hours post EEX had a significantly diminished effect in restoring function of EEX muscle compared to immediate massage. These data provide a starting point for linking the mechanical properties of skeletal muscle with physical therapies, and may shed light on the design and optimization of therapeutic massage based therapies for recovery from EEX in humans.
Advisors/Committee Members: Best, Thomas.
Subjects: Biomechanics; Biomedical Engineering
Keywords: Skeletal Muscle; Massage; Mechanical Properties
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9.
Haasch, Justin Miles.
Statistical Models used to Identify new Urban Development in Cuyahoga County, Ohio: A Methodological Comparison.
Degree: MS, Geography-Geographic Information Sciences, 2010, University of Akron
► New urbanism has emerged in the United States as a controversial alternative…
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▼ New urbanism has emerged in the United States as a controversial alternative to the suburban sprawl of the 1970s to the present time. Does this new urbanism deliver the claims to create a “community” like social environment and decrease residence dependence on the automobile, while creating an increase in property value? A review will be conducted on the literature while drawing attention to both the claimed benefits and criticisms of the new urbanist style of development. In addition, statistical modeling will be used to identify new urban developments within sales data of single-family homes located in the greater Cleveland metropolitan area. Various global and local methodologies are utilized, quantified, and reviewed in their effectiveness to identify new urban housing.
Advisors/Committee Members: Barrett, Linda.
Subjects: Geography
Keywords: new urbanism; global hedonic model; local statistics; Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR)
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10.
Haas, Ingrid Johnsen.
The Context-Dependent Nature of Uncertainty: Responses to Uncertainty are Moderated by the Presence or Absence of Threat.
Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2012, Ohio State University
► The purpose of the current work was to develop and test a…
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▼ The purpose of the current work was to develop and test a model of how uncertainty differentially impacts information processing as a function of threat. The proposed model suggests that uncertainty is likely to lead to increased exploration and open-mindedness unless threat is present, in which case it can have the opposite effect—leading to defensiveness and closed-mindedness. Studies 1 and 2 show that threat moderates the effect of uncertainty on political tolerance; when safe, uncertainty leads to greater tolerance, yet when threatened, uncertainty leads to reduced tolerance. Study 3 examines the neural processing of uncertainty as a function of threat, showing that the human amygdala responds differently to uncertainty depending on the presence or absence of threat. Taken together, this work shows support for the model and suggests that responses to uncertainty are highly context-dependent at various stages of processing, from deliberative decisions about political tolerance to rapid emotional perceptions.
Advisors/Committee Members: Cunningham, William.
Subjects: Neurosciences; Political Science; Psychology
Keywords: uncertainty; threat; tolerance; amygdala
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11.
Haas, Johanna Marie.
Law and Property in the Mountains: A Political Economy of Resource Land in the Appalachian Coalfields.
Degree: PhD, Geography, 2008, Ohio State University
► Private property in resource land is a complex matter, sitting at the…
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▼ Private property in resource land is a complex matter, sitting at the conjunction of environmental, economic, political, and social systems. This dissertation explores a number of these systems surrounding law and property that link with land use and landscape change in the Appalachian coalfields where the rapid expansion of mining is drastically reshaping the landscape. One economic driver dominates the region, the extraction of coal, which ties to material social and environmental effects, and is driven by social and environmental patterns. Social construction of the institution of private property builds the materiality of private property as something to be owned, but this construction in the Appalachian context has emerged in different form than elsewhere because of the historical and geographical situatedness of the region. The history of accumulation in the Appalachian coalfields is ongoing, fluid, and changing, and, today, has taken on vertical (from beneath to the surface of the land) and horizontal (onto neighboring parcels) spatial forms to enable accumulation of properties adjacent to the coal in all directions. The institution of property law illustrates the multiple and complex interconnections among nature, property, and society. To deal with this disorderliness, the law itself becomes complex, fracturing, and messy and creates material effects as it travels through multiple interactive feedback loops, leading to material effects, most importantly the rapid expansion in the size and scope of Appalachian mining operations. The ideas of private property show that privatization and marketization do not have to work together as a package. In Appalachia, these separations have led to a collapse in the market for resource land and a devaluation of land as land encourages destruction of the now-worthless land as the only rational course of action. The consequences of this include not only environmental destruction of the landscape, but also the social and economic destruction of the people who live there.
Advisors/Committee Members: Mansfield, Becky.
Subjects: Geography
Keywords: property; law; coal mining; land; Appalachia; political economy; social construction
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12.
Habegger, Shelly L.
What is the Principal's Role in Successful Schools? A Study of Ohio's Schools of Promise at the Elementary Level.
Degree: PhD, College of Education, Health, and Human Services / Department of Teaching, Leadership and Curriculum Studies, 2007, Kent State University
► As a result of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001,…
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▼ As a result of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, the accountability, annual testing, and demonstrating academic progress of all students has become a major priority of educators throughout the nation. In Ohio, schools are rated based on their students’ performance on state diagnostic and achievement tests (e.g., Local Report Cards). Therefore, school principals and other school personnel are in constant pursuit of learning how to educate students more efficiently. The purpose of this study was to determine the specific practices and leadership emphasis of the principal that are perceived to positively impact student achievement. Three successful elementary schools were investigated through principal interviews, teacher focus groups, and observations. The schools chosen were each designated as an Ohio School of Promise, meaning each has made great strides in positive student achievement scores in spite of a low socioeconomic level. Qualitatively, the study explored the perceptions of the principal’s role in successful schools by answering the following research questions: (a) How does the principal support instruction aligned to the state’s academic content standards? (b) How does the principal maintain continuous improvement of the school? (c) What is the principal’s role in the design of instruction for student success? (d) What is the principal’s role in developing partnerships with parents and the community to support student success? (e) What is the principal’s role in developing a culture where each individual feels valued? As a result of the data analysis process, 13 themes developed among the three schools (e.g., common planning time, curriculum mapping, and intervention). However, an all-encompassing idea kept reoccurring: The principals were able to create the culture where both adults and students excelled. The principals engaged in activities that created and sustained a sense of belonging for students, teachers, parents, and the communities in which the schools resided. They also successfully provided a clear direction for students and teachers. These findings are perceived to be a major reason why students are achieving great success at these schools.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kretovics, Mark.
Subjects: Education, Administration
Keywords: teacher; students; PRINCIPAL; achievement; SCHOOLS OF PROMISE; School Culture
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13.
Haber, Benjamin.
A Robust Control Approach on Diesel Engines with Dual-Loop Exhaust Gas Recirculation Systems.
Degree: MS, Mechanical Engineering, 2010, Ohio State University
► This thesis presents a control design using dual-loop exhaust gas recirculation (EGR)…
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▼ This thesis presents a control design using dual-loop exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and variable geometry turbo charging (VGT), installed on a medium-duty, V8 diesel engine, to adjust intake temperature, pressure, and oxygen mass fraction. The dual-loop EGR system is compiled of both high pressure EGR (HPEGR) and low pressure EGR (LPEGR) paths. Turbocharging is achieved through the use of a two-stage system consisting of a fixed geometry, low pressure turbo and a variable geometry, high pressure turbo. This extensive network creates a complex air-path that necessitates the implementation of an advanced feedback control method. Groundwork for the study is a high fidelity GT-Power computational model of the diesel engine equipped with the proposed dual-loop EGR air-path, capable of simulating the one dimensional gas dynamics of the engine. The computational model allows for an identification of system dynamics that, when validated, provides a basis for the development of a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) air-path controller. Attention must be paid to the robust performance of the controller as computational system identification is inherently inaccurate, due to system nonlinearities, variable transport delay, and other unforeseen dynamics not accounted for in simulation. The focus of the controller is to use the dual-loop EGR system in conjunction with the VGT to establish a high control authority over intake manifold temperature, pressure, and oxygen mass fraction. Each of these conditions is highly influential on such low emission combustion modes like low temperature combustion, homogeneous charge compression ignition, and pre-mixed charge compression ignition. These combustion modes have high sensitivity to engine intake conditions and high tendency of knock and misfire, which warrant a comparison of the advanced, multivariable feedback control strategy to conventional feedback control using the complex air-path. Strong benefits to using multivariable control are seen through faster response and settling times along with better disturbance rejection capabilities when maintaining desired intake conditions. A feed-forward controller for the complex air-path is also developed and explored for additional improvements in performance when coupled with the multivariable feedback controller. Minimal benefits to the coupling were seen but these could be improved upon through more accurate knowledge of system parameters. Chapter 1 explores the benefits when operating in advanced combustion modes and potentials for expanding their operating range with the use of the proposed complex air-path system. A linear state-space representation of the air-path system is then identified in Chapter 2 using the GT-Power model which serves as the basis for developing a MIMO feedback controller. The performance of the MIMO feedback controller, and its coupling with a feed-forward controller, are then developed and validated through the GT-Power engine simulation in Chapter 3. Finally, in Chapter 4, a decentralized feedback controller is made which relies on much more basic principles of multivariable control and is compared to the MIMO feedback controller to examine the benefits of using advanced controller development strategies. Concluding remarks and future work are then given in Chapter 5.
Advisors/Committee Members: Wang, Junmin.
Subjects: Mechanical engineering
Keywords: multivariable; control; diesel; emission; EGR; VGT; intake
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14.
HABERL, CHRISTIANE.
ANTIDUMPING AS A FORM OF PROTECTIONISM.
Degree: MA, Arts and Sciences : Political Science, 2006, University of Cincinnati
► The purpose of this study is to test statistically the theory advanced…
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▼ The purpose of this study is to test statistically the theory advanced by opponents of antidumping measures, that antidumping actions are in reality pure protectionism. Specifically, it relates the internal economic condition such as the international competitive position of countries to the number of antidumping initiations and the antidumping measures taken by them. The independent variables are generally defined as the internal economic condition and the international competitive position. That is, the internal economic condition is measured by Gross National Income (GNI) per capita and the unemployment rate. The international competitive position is expressed in the trade balance and import penetration. The dependent variables are generally defined as protectionist pressure and protectionism. The former is quantified in antidumping initiations and the latter in antidumping measures. The research is conducted separately for the two dependent variables for all 147 WTO member states. The results show that GNI and import penetration have a statistically significant relationship with antidumping actions.
Advisors/Committee Members: Moore, Dr. Thomas.
Keywords: Antidumping; Protectionism; International Trade; Trade Policy
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15.
HABERL, CHRISTIANE.
HAVE THE CHICKENS LEARNED HOW TO COME HOME TO ROOST? AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF ANTIDUMPING INITIATIONS AGAINST THE UNITED STATES.
Degree: PhD, Arts and Sciences : Political Science, 2007, University of Cincinnati
► In the current liberal trade order monitored by the WTO, countries are…
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▼ In the current liberal trade order monitored by the WTO, countries are striving for the reduction of trade barriers. However, countries are allowed to impose protectionist measures to defend against unfair trade. One such measure is antidumping. This dissertation examines whether antidumping can be used as a form of economic statecraft. If mere accusations of dumping (that is, the initiation of an antidumping case) have a negative impact on exports, then antidumping can be used intentionally by states to financially harm other states. To answer this, the centerpiece of this dissertation is an empirical study that uses a statistical ARIMA intervention transfer model to examine a 12-year export time-series of 191 products accused of being dumped by the United States. It finds that in almost ten percent of the cases, the mere initiation of antidumping investigations has produced negative effects on U.S. exports, confirming the notion that antidumping can be used as a form of economic statecraft. The study explores two additional research questions. First, have developing countries learned how to use antidumping cases against the United States? The statistical results indicate that developing countries have adapted to the system, successfully using antidumping initiations even against the hegemon. Although questions remain about whether states have engaged in genuine as well as tactical learning in using antidumping as a form of economic statecraft, the dissertation sets forth a research agenda for pursuing this issue. Second, the dissertation asks: What are the implications, if any, for hegemony in the current international economic system? According to one view, the negative effects of antidumping on trade can be interpreted as a form of discord in an international economic system that can survive the end of hegemony. By contrast, they can also be seen as symbolizing the weakening of the liberal economic system due to the decline of the United States as its hegemon. In this and other ways, the dissertation represents a foundation for answering whether the chickens have learned how to come home to roost.
Advisors/Committee Members: Moore, Dr. Thomas G.
Keywords: Antidumping; Statecraft; International Political Economy; International Relations; International Economics; International Trading Order
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16.
Haberlin, Alayna T.
An Examination of Behavioral History Effects on Preference for Choice in Elementary Students.
Degree: PhD, EDU Physical Activity and Educational Services, 2010, Ohio State University
► The current investigation examined the effects of behavioral history on elementary students’…
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▼ The current investigation examined the effects of behavioral history on elementary students’ preference for making a choice in two studies. Previous research on choice has focused on the arrangement of current contingencies and has not accounted for the effects of behavioral history. Study 1 examined participants’ preference for two options (i.e., two math problems) or one option (i.e., one math problem) conditions based on prior exposure to certain option conditions. During baseline, participants were allowed to choose to complete math problems in either the two or one option condition. During the history building condition, participants were exposed to either two options, one option, or a mixed condition (alternating between two and one option conditions). The subsequent return to baseline assessed behavioral history effects on preference for choice. The results of Study 1 indicated that behavioral history did not affect the preference for choice for 4 of the 6 participants. For 2 participants, behavioral history effects were possible; however, responding was variable across sessions and across replication of the conditions. Study 2 assessed the effects of behavioral history on selection of a reinforcer. Experimental conditions were set up similar to Study 1. During baseline, participants were able to choose math problems to complete that resulted in the participant selecting the reinforcer or the experimenter selecting the reinforcer. During the history building condition, participants were exposed to either the participant selects the reinforcer, the experimenter selects the reinforcer, or a mixed condition (alternating between the participant or experimenter selecting the reinforcer). The subsequent return to baseline assessed behavioral history effects on preference for who selected the reinforcers. The results from Study 2 indicated that preference for selection of the reinforcer was highly individualized. Study 2 was not able to adequately control for the influence of confounding variables. The lack of experimental control resulted in either no or minimal effects of behavior history on preference for selection of a reinforcer.
Advisors/Committee Members: Neef, Nancy.
Subjects: Behaviorial sciences; Education; Educational psychology; Special education
Keywords: Behavioral history, preference, choice, free or forced choice, academic tasks, reinforcers
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17.
Haberman, Cory P.
The Adoption of Research and Planning Units by American Municipal Police Departments.
Degree: MS, Criminal Justice, 2009, Bowling Green State University
► This study takes an organizational perspective to examine the adoption of research…
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▼ This study takes an organizational perspective to examine the adoption of research and planning units by 58 American municipal police departments. Two rival hypotheses are tested: 1) an organizational complexity hypothesis, 2) an environmental complexity hypothesis. T-test analysis supported the organizational complexity hypothesis and found that large, complex police organizations were more likely to have adopted a research and planning unit. The conclusion of this thesis discusses these findings, describes some problems with researching organizational innovation, and suggests remedies to these problems.
Advisors/Committee Members: King, William R.
Subjects: Criminology
Keywords: Police Organizations, Research and Planning Units, Special Units, Police Innovation, Organizational Innovation
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18.
Habib, Farhat.
Genotype-phenotype correlation using phylogenetic trees.
Degree: PhD, Physics, 2007, Ohio State University
► Recent years have seen an exponential growth in publicly available genetic data…
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▼ Recent years have seen an exponential growth in publicly available genetic data for many organisms. To be scientifically or medically useful, the genetic data must be mapped to the physical traits that the genes in the genotype code. In this dissertation, we describe methods to find correlations between genotypes and phenotypes using phylogenetic trees that can be applied on a genome-wide scale. We first describe Felsenstein's argument showing the necessity of using phylogenetic trees when a genotype-phenotype correlation is calculated. Then, we propose a method using a modified Maddison's Concentrated Changes Test (CCT) to find correlations between a binary phenotype and a binary genotype. The applicability of this method is demonstrated by its use to find genes correlated with susceptibility to anthrax in inbred mice strains. As our programs can be used to correlate any two binary variables which can be optimized on a phylogenetic tree, it was used to find correlations between avian influenza strains and various traits of the species or organisms affected. In particular, we find correlations between spread of influenza and particular mutations in the influenza virus. We demonstrate its applicability in case of a continuous phenotype that has been suitably binarized by finding genes correlated with cholesterol and lipid levels in inbred mice and report results. The limitation of CCT to binary phenotypes is significant as most phenotypes are not binary in nature. We develop a method that can be used to find correlations between a continuous phenotype and a binary genotype using a phylogenetic tree. Randomization testing is used to assess the significance of the correlation between the genotype and the phenotype. We test our methods by correlating lipid levels in inbred mice with their genotype. Comparison of our results with literature surveys of previous in silicomethods as well as experimental results show that our method performs favorably.
Advisors/Committee Members: Bundschuh, Ralf.
Keywords: genotype-phenotype corrrelation; genotype-phenotype association; SNPs; genome-wide; concentrated changes test; phylogenetic; trees
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19.
Habibulla, Murtuza.
Analyzing the performance of an order accumulation and sortation system using simulation: A design of experiments approach.
Degree: MS, Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering (Engineering), 2001, Ohio University
► An Order Accumulation and Sortation (OA/S) system is one of three component…
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▼ An Order Accumulation and Sortation (OA/S) system is one of three component systems of a typical distribution center. The three systems in order of material flow are (1) the storage (warehouse) system, (2) the OA/S system, and (3) the shipping system. An efficient distribution center requires a successful link of all three systems. In this study efforts are concentrated on one of the least researched, the OA/S system. In an OA/S system items are delivered to a conveyor where they are sorted into shipping lanes, consolidated and then packed. A simulation model of an OA/S used in automated distribution centers is developed. The OA/S system developed for this study uses non-recirculating conveyors; thus, once an item is introduced into the system, it has to be assigned to a shipping lane. The main concern of the study is to find which factors affect the throughput of the system and at what levels these factors give the best system throughput. Design of experiments (DOE) is a very effective and organized way to perform an experiment and has been commonly used in industry to improve the performance of manufacturing processes. The application of experimental design techniques early in process development can result in improved process yields, reduced variability, closer conformance to nominal or target requirements, reduced development time and reduced overall cost. Emphasis is given to designing quality into the process at the initial stages of research by making it robust (insensitive) to various sources of variability, which may be uncontrollable during the process or during its usage by the customer. A recently introduced approach based on response surface methodology (RSM) showed that the results of an RSM study are easier to interpret and are very efficient with respect to the number of experiments. A RSM tool, the Central Composite Design (CCD) is one of the most effective designs that can be used for robust parameter design. The CCD is basically a two-level factorial or fractional factorial design that has a number of center point and axial point runs. This design is used to analyze the results of the simulation runs and to achieve robustness. The final equation to calculate the throughput rate considering all the independent factors was calculated using design of experiments. It is concluded that the independent factors Lane Length, Items / Lane and Distribution do not affect the throughput rate of the system. Though the noise factors are insignificant in the phase two of experimentation, it is suggested to have longer lane lengths (control factor A) as seen in the screening experiment. The screening experiment shows that the lane length is insignificant. Thus longer the lanes, lesser the variability in the throughput rate is obtained.
Advisors/Committee Members: Masel, Dale T.
Subjects: Engineering, Industrial
Keywords: Order Accumulation System; Sortation System; Simulation Model; Material Flow; Response Surface Methodology; Central Composite Design; Experiments Approach
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22.
Hackenburg, Clint R.
An Arabic-to-English Translation of the Religious Debate between the Nestorian Patriarch Timothy I and the 'Abbāsid Caliph al-Mahdī.
Degree: MA, Near Eastern Languages and Cultures, 2009, Ohio State University
► This thesis offers, for the first time, a complete Arabic-to-English translation of…
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▼ This thesis offers, for the first time, a complete Arabic-to-English translation of the debate between Nestorian Patriarch, Timothy I (a. 779-823), and Muslim ‘Abbāsid Caliph, al-Mahdī (r. 775-785). An analysis of the various editions of the Arabic and Syriac versions of the debate is included. The primary editions of the debate consulted for this thesis were Samir K. Samir’s critical edition of the Arabic text named MS 662 of the Bibliothéque Orientale à Beyrouth, and Alphonse Mingana’s edition of the Syriac text named Mingana 17 taken from the Convent of Alqosh in northern Iraq. In analyzing the various editions of the debate, the goal is to establish the primacy of the Syriac text in its relationship to the Arabic text. This analysis is largely based upon the existing work of Hans Putman. In the translation and analysis of the debate, significant differences between the Syriac and Arabic versions of the debate are noted. In addition to the translation and analysis of the debate, a general introduction to Timothy I and his accomplishments as Nestorian Patriarch as well as an outline of the proposed purpose of Timothy’s text during late antiquity and the medieval period are offered.
Advisors/Committee Members: Tamer, Georges.
Subjects: Middle Eastern literature
Keywords: Timothy I; al-Mahdī
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23.
Hackenmueller, Stacy Sharon.
A Retrospective Chart Review: Caloric Adequacy within Adult Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.
Degree: MS, Allied Medical Professions, 2012, Ohio State University
► Maintenance of appropriate nutrition status within hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is…
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▼ Maintenance of appropriate nutrition status within hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is of great significance in both improving treatment response and reducing morbidity and mortality (1, 2). There is a particular lack of observational research within HSCT studying the extent to which oral intake is inhibited in transplant recipients. Using data available in the electronic medical records at the study institution, this retrospective chart review calculated patient caloric intake on each inpatient day during transplant for all patients in 2010. Of 213 patients, 190 were eligible for inclusion into the study. The researchers calculated percentage of EER met on each day of transplant with the goal of calculating the percentage of patients, aggregated by preparatory regimen, who went an extended period of time (at least 10 consecutive days) without adequate oral intake (at least 50% EER). 21% of patients met the criteria for extended inadequate intake. When aggregated by preparatory regimen extended inadequate intake ranged from 7.7%-60%. This study had demonstrated the potential to tailor nutrition interventions to the HSCT recipients’ preparatory regimen, and further research should investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of proposed interventions such as aggressive oral diet counseling, enteral nutrition interventions and parenteral nutrition support.
Advisors/Committee Members: Nahikian-Nelms, Marcia.
Subjects: Nutrition
Keywords: hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; HSCT; bone marrow transplant; nutrition support; medical nutrition therapy
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24.
Hacker, Hans J.
Contesting the Constitution : conservative Christian litigators and their impact.
Degree: PhD, Political Science, 2000, Ohio State University
► My dissertation research explores the influence of conservative Christian litigating interests on…
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▼ My dissertation research explores the influence of conservative Christian litigating interests on court-crafted policy. I employ qualitative analyses to develop rich descriptions of three standard-bearing Christian litigating firms representing the Religious Right in court. I investigate how these firms establish goals, acquire resources, and bring those resources to bear in an effort to achieve their goals in court. All three groups have participated at all levels of the court system, litigating to influence outcomes in such key social policy areas as abortion, protestation, and religious expression in the public schools and square. Data on the groups and their litigation behavior are drawn from elite interviews of firm personnel, from court records, media sources, and published and unpublished materials by and about the groups.In the course of this analysis, I identify a pattern in the behavior of Christian litigation firms that has implications for our understanding of group litigation. Each of the three groups has taken different approaches to litigation. These different approaches cannot be explained by variation in resources or group goals as defined in conventional interest group studies. I find that while these influential groups articulate similar goals, they use the courts very differently. I explore why similarly situated religious groups develop such divergent litigation agendas. In the final analyses of the project, I posit that the concept of religious ideology helps define what methods groups will employ to influence policy. Group orientation to policy influence diverges between "principled" and "pragmatic." A pragmatic approach is characterized by willingness to depart from strict principle and play by the norms al' policy makers in the courts. A principled approach lacks willingness to depart from religious and ideological principle to achieve policy influence. Different approaches may determine preferred strategies for achieving goals, relative emphasis on trial and appellate litigation, and capacity to present courts with legal arguments for policy change. The distinction between these two approaches is especially relevant to groups that are guided by strong religious views. But it is relevant to other types of groups as well. The extension of this distinction to other types of litigating interests may help refine our approach to studying those groups and help to explain patterns of behavior within those types. Thus, I seek to contribute to theory building on the forces that shape the behavior of elite interest group leadership and the behavior of groups in the litigation process. Further. I seek to enhance what we know about the set of conservative Christian litigators that are playing an increasingly active role in the courts.
Advisors/Committee Members: Baum, Lawrence.
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25.
Hackett, John C.
Computational investigations of cytochrome P450 aromatase catalysis and biological evaluation of isoflavone aromatase inhibitors.
Degree: PhD, Pharmacy, 2004, Ohio State University
► Density functional theory calculations are used to unravel the mysterious third step…
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▼ Density functional theory calculations are used to unravel the mysterious third step of aromatase catalysis. The feasibility of mechanisms in which the reduced ferrous dioxygen intermediate mediates androgen aromatization are explored and determined to be unlikely. Mechanisms for the aromatization/deformylation sequence which are initiated by 1beta-hydrogen atom abstraction by P450 Compound I are considered. 1beta-Hydrogen atom abstraction from substrates in the presence of the 2,3-enol encounters strikingly low barriers,whereas barriers for this same process are higher in the keto tautomer. Transition states for 1beta-hydrogen atom abstraction from enolized substrates in the presence of the 19-gem-diol decayed directly to the experimentally observed products. If the C19 aldehyde remains unhydrated, aromatization occurs with concomitant decarbonylation, and therefore does not support dehydration of the C19 aldehyde prior to the final catalytic step. Ab initio molecular dynamics on the confirmed that the 1beta-hydrogen atom abstraction and deformylation or decarbonylation occur in a non-synchronous, coordinated manner. These calculations support a dehydrogenase behavior of aromatase in the final catalytic step, which can be summarized by 1beta-hydrogen atom abstraction followed by gem-diol deprotonation. Aromatase, a cytochrome P450 hemoprotein that is responsible for estrogen biosynthesis by conversion of androgens into estrogens, has been an attractive target in the treatment of hormone-dependent breast cancer. There are several classes of natural products that exert potent activities in aromatase inhibition, with the flavonoids being most prominent. Previous studies have exploited flavone and flavanone scaffolds for the development of new aromatase inhibitors. In this dissertation, we describe design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a novel series of 2-(4-pyridylmethyl)thioisoflavones as the first example of synthetic isoflavone-based aromatase inhibitors. The biological evaluation of a series of 2-azole and 2-thioazole isoflavones as potential aromatase inhibitors are described. Differences in inhibitory activity of triazole and imidazole inhibitors are rationalized with density functional theory to expose a key difference in the electronic structure of these molecules. In addition, difference binding spectra of inhibitors to immunoaffinity-purified aromatase produces classical Type II spectra consistent with coordination of the nitrogen lone pair electrons to the P450 heme.
Advisors/Committee Members: Brueggemeier, Robert W.
Keywords: Cytochrome P450, Aromatase, Density Functional Theory, Molecular Dynamics, Isoflavones
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27.
Hackett, Michelle.
Validation of a household food security survey applied with low-income households with pre-school aged children participating in the MANA food supplement program in Antioquia, Colombia.
Degree: PhD, Ohio State University Nutrition, 2008, Ohio State University
► Valid measures of household food insecurity are critical to accurately evaluate the…
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▼ Valid measures of household food insecurity are critical to accurately evaluate the impact of food assistance programs in developing countries. The goal of this dissertation research was to assess the validity the Colombian Household Food Security Scale (CHFSS), used in the 2006 food supplement component evaluation of the Plan for Improving Food and Nutrition in Antioquia, Colombia (MANA). The twelve-item household CHFSS was applied to a cross-sectional stratified random sample of 2,784 low-income households with pre-school children receiving MANA food supplements. Internal validity of the CHFSS was established using Rasch Modeling to evaluate the psychometric characteristics of the items through measure and INFIT values. To assess the criterion validity of the CHFSS, households were characterized as food secure, mildly food insecure, moderately food insecure, and severely food insecure based on their survey score. Chi-square tests and ANOVA analyses were used to determine associations between the food security categories and demographic characteristics, socioeconomic characteristics and child health status. A multiple linear regression model was developed to determine coefficients of household food expenditure by food security status. Logistic regression models were further developed to assess the risk of child malnutrition by household food insecurity status in both bivariate and multiple regression models. Rasch Modeling revealed that most CHFSS items presented good fitness. Statistically significant differences were found between household food security status and household size, parental age, income, area of residence, gender head of household, consumption of MANA food supplements and household food expenditures (p<0.01). Statistically significant associations were found between household food insecurity and diagnoses of children's diarrhea, upper respiratory infection and parasitosis (p<0.0001). The risk for child stunting and underweight increased is a dose-response manner as food insecurity became more severe. These results indicate that the adapted CHFSS is a valid tool to assess household food security in participants of food assistance programs like MANA. This research provides agencies and institutions carrying nutrition interventions in similar areas and conditions with a valid tool that can be adapted to specific evaluation needs and describes the methodology to assess the validity of the proposed tool.
Advisors/Committee Members: Melgar-Quinonez, Hugo.
Subjects: Nutrition
Keywords: food security; Colombia; food assistance; Rasch; validity
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28.
Hack, Joshua.
Development and implementation of quality-assurance standards for external beam intensity modulated radiation therapy.
Degree: MS, College of Medicine, 2009, University of Toledo Health Science Campus
► The purpose of this project was to develop an effective and time-efficient…
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▼ The purpose of this project was to develop an effective and time-efficient plan checkingprocedure using a combination of ionization chambers and film. A 0.6 cc volume thimble ionization chamber, Kodak X-Omat V (XV) film and Kodak Extended Dose Range (EDR2) film were used. Three IMRT plans (one prostate, one head & neck and one brain) were validated. The plans were transferred from the patient geometry to a 30 cm x 30 cm x 20 cm solid water phantom. The ionization chamber was calibrated and used to measure dose delivered to the phantom. The XV film was used to compare planar dose distributions and the EDR2 film was used to compare axial dose distributions to the distributions computed by the treatment planning system. The tests set forth in this procedure provide adequate evaluation of IMRT treatment plans.
Advisors/Committee Members: Parsai, E. Ishmael.
Subjects: Radiology
Keywords: IMRT; quality assurance
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29.
Hackman, Jennifer K.
Can We Promise College? An Evaluation of Placed-Based “Promise” College Scholarship Campaigns.
Degree: MCP, Design, Architecture, Art and Planning : Community Planning, 2009, University of Cincinnati
► In the Spring of 2005, Kalamazoo, Michigan, announced a new economic development…
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▼ In the Spring of 2005, Kalamazoo, Michigan, announced a new economic development strategy focused on using the benefit of higher education. This new strategy was a provision of college funding for every student graduating from Kalamazoo Public Schools. Based on Kalamazoo's early success, several cities, especially those located in the Rustbelt, began exploring the prospect of starting their own programs, but to date few have achieved this goal. The strategy, now coined “promise program” by Kalamazoo and others, is defined as a community that provides partial or total funding for college education for an entire cohort of students, segmented by place and school district or some other large scale demographic. In order to gain insight into the successful development and implementation of what is now referred to as a “promise program,” several communities were profiled and analyzed for patterns and critical success factors. Two main primary objectives for completing a promise program were discovered: urban revitalization and human capital development. These two objectives result in programs with different components, requirements, funding needs and strategies, messaging and necessary outcomes intended to justify the programs. Although an urban revitalization program does incorporate human resource development objectives, the reverse is not true. A process is provided in this strategic planning model to assist communities with their exploration, development and execution of a promise program. The model combines strategic economic development planning with communications strategy and lessons learned from communities in various stages of planning a promise program. It provides a sequenced list of activities that can be used by any city wishing to adopt a promise program to move from concept to program implementation and evaluation. The main stages of the process include creating the vision, developing the promise program, building awareness, implementing the promise program and evaluating results. Within these stages, important components include establishing leadership, defining the problem, involving stakeholders, determining objectives, identifying funding capacity, setting timelines, connecting with the community, measuring and modifying the program over time. The future of promise programs is dependent on many factors, but the need for providing a collective solution to the problem of a comparative deficiency in economic attainment is likely to be an ongoing problem for urban, manufacturing-based cities. As these metropolitan and micropolitan areas strive to address this problem with a promise program, they may find that other segments of the workforce are in as much, if not more, need of skills and training in order to achieve per capita income growth and regional economic sustainability in a global economy.
Advisors/Committee Members: Looye, JoHanna.
Keywords: promise, scholarship, economic development
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30.
Hackmann, Max M.
Icons of Hedonistic Perfection: Mel Ramos’ Paintings 1963-1969.
Degree: MA, Design, Architecture, Art and Planning : Art History, 2010, University of Cincinnati
► This study of the California Pop art of Mel Ramos (b. 1935)…
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▼ This study of the California Pop art of Mel Ramos (b. 1935) examines the conceptual hedonism that his paintings offer. Critics and art historians such as Elizabeth Claridge and Robin Skelton have labeled Ramos’ work as “hedonistic” with little in the way of explanation. In contrast, my study defines the roles of hedonism and materialism in Ramos’ paintings and examines the formal expression of hedonism in this Pop-conceptual art. Examining specific series made by Ramos from 1963 to 1969, I conclude that his approach has its philosophical underpinnings in what Fred Feldman describes as “attitudinal hedonism,” in his historical account of hedonism beginning with Plato. Ramos’ paintings involve the pursuit of perfection through an assemblage-like approach to constructing pop cultural icons, namely of female figures, that are contrived as whole and yet are parts from multiple sources. In turn, these assemblages are finally presented individually on canvases as fully resolved and seemingly singular figures, often complemented by commodities given equal stature in the paintings. Further defined by the artist’s slick handling of paint, thin surfaces, and compositional simplicity of figures placed against flat, abstract backgrounds, Ramos’ paintings exploit conceptual notions of relative flatness with results that work against modernist notions of painting’s flatness. Instead Ramos’ paintings become little landscapes of desire that exploit the contradictions of presenting neatly assembled parts (put together through part-by-part compositional process) in order to proffer seeming repleteness. The overly-flat and empty grounds used by Ramos to contain these figural and commodity-icons force an oscillation between desire’s fulfillment and the inability to answer desire.
Advisors/Committee Members: Paice, Kimberly.
Subjects: Art History
Keywords: Mel Ramos; Hedonism; Popular icons; Pop Art; California
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