3084 matches in the database.
These are records: 1 - 30.
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] … [103]
1.
Baack, Cathryn J.
Maternal stress and coping when a child is fed enterally.
Degree: PhD, Nursing, 2006, Ohio State University
► While there is extensive literature on parental stress associated with parenting a…
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▼ While there is extensive literature on parental stress associated with parenting a child with special health needs, few researchers have looked specifically at the stress associated with parenting a child fed enterally. The purpose of this study was to explore the stressors experienced by mothers of children who were being fed enterally and the coping strategies and resources available to them by employing an exploratory/descriptive design. Data were obtained during face-to-face interviews, or interviews conducted via mail, employing a list of open-ended questions about caring for an infant/child who is fed enterally and a demographic questionnaire filled out by the mothers. A convenient sample of 40 mothers of children who were being fed enterally was recruited for the study. Through content analysis of the data from this sample of mothers, the negative and positive aspects of home enteral nutrition (HEN) and the stressors and coping strategies were delineated. Mothers identified several important stressors. These included the social stigma associated with HEN, managing the equipment, negative emotions associated with the process, and physical problems. Mothers did perceive that their children were now able to receive appropriate nutrition and thus, sustain physical growth and development. Coping strategies identified by the mothers included: seeking social support, seeking assistance from health professionals, being flexible with the child’s HEN schedule, and taking the time to care for themselves. The stressors and coping strategies faced by mothers of children on HEN are multidimensional and encompass social and psychological components. By identifying the specific areas of stress that mothers of children on HEN deal with on a daily basis, nurses and other professionals can develop interventions that help to decrease the effect of the negative stressors. A better understanding of the ways mothers cope with these stressors allows for more accurate evaluations of these interventions. Appropriate interventions that lessen stress and allow for better coping will create the best possible environment for the feeding process to occur. This ultimately benefits the child by making the feeding process more pleasurable for both mother and child.
Advisors/Committee Members: Steward, Deborah.
Subjects: Health Sciences, Nursing
Keywords: home enteral nutrition; stress and coping
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2.
Baan, Mieke.
Protective effects of Zinc-L-Carnosine/ Vitamin E on aspirin-induced gastroduodenal injury in dogs.
Degree: MS, Veterinary Clinical Sciences, 2009, Ohio State University
► Zinc-L-carnosine has protective effects against epithelial injury in cell culture and rodent…
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▼ Zinc-L-carnosine has protective effects against epithelial injury in cell culture and rodent models of gastrointestinal (GI) mucosal injury. This randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled study investigated the protective effects of zinc-L-carnosine in combination with alpha-tocopheryl acetate (vitamin E) on the development of aspirin-induced GI lesions in dogs. Eighteen healthy mixed-breed dogs were given 1 tablet (n=6) or 2 tablets (n=6) of 30 mg zinc-L-carnosine/ 30 IU vitamin E q12h PO, or a placebo (n=6) on Days 0 – 35. On Days 7 – 35, all dogs were given 25 mg/kg buffered aspirin q8h PO. Endoscopy was performed on Days -1, 14, 21, and 35, and GI lesions were scored using a 12-point grading scale. All dogs developed mucosal lesions. Treatment had no significant effect on gastric (p=0.31) or duodenal lesion scores (p=0.067). Zinc-L-carnosine/ vitamin E did not prevent gastric mucosal lesions in an aspirin-induced model for GI injury.
Advisors/Committee Members: Sherding, Robert.
Subjects: Veterinary services
Keywords: polaprezinc; zinc-L-carnosine; vitamin E; dog; gastroduodenal injury; endoscopy; aspirin
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3.
Baas, Larry Brandon.
Feasibility Study of Concept Designs for Photonic Radiation Detection.
Degree: MS, Nuclear Engineering, 2009, Ohio State University
► The objective of this research is to do a feasibility study on…
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▼ The objective of this research is to do a feasibility study on a photonic-based semiconductor concept design for a radiation detector. The research was funded by the National Science Foundation in conjunction with the Department of Homeland Security. It was a cooperative effort between the Nuclear Engineering Program and the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department at Ohio State University. There are two concept device configurations considered in this study, the critical angle setup and the Fabry-Perot setup. In addition to being able to detect radiation, the device should be portable, durable and user friendly for field use. Its initial purpose is to be used to detect gamma radiation, but it is not limited to this purpose. Semiconductors have already been successfully used in highly sensitive radiation detectors (e.g. germanium detectors). The perceived advantage is that photonics can possibly be used to make a sensitive detector that can operate while at room temperature and be only slightly affected by electromagnetic interference due to its operating nature. Two semiconductor materials, silicon and cadmium telluride, were analyzed in detail, while others were considered as possibilities for later research. Following the development of an analytical model, experimental data were taken to validate the model. The experiments were performed for silicon because it is the least expensive of the candidate semiconductor materials.
Advisors/Committee Members: Blue, Thomas.
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4.
Baba, Jatong A.
An examination of the influence of personal values and ethnic identity on black students’ sport consumption behavior.
Degree: PhD, Physical Activity and Educational Services, 2004, Ohio State University
► The purpose of the study was to explore the sport behaviors of…
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▼ The purpose of the study was to explore the sport behaviors of Black consumers as a culturally based sport consumption community. To do so, this study examined the manner in which personal values and ethnic identity influenced the sport consumption preferences and sport consumption frequencies of Black students. The study also examined the relationship between sport consumption preferences and sport consumption frequencies in four professional and two college sport activities. The instrument used to capture personal values was Kahle’s (1983) List of Values (LOV) scale (which consisted of two subdimensions of internal values and external values). Ethnic identity was captured using Brown, Condor, Mathews, Wade, and Williams’ (1986) Ethnic Identity (EID) Scale (which consisted of three subdimensions of self-definition, self-esteem, and affect). Significant relationships were found between the participants’ sport consumption preferences and sport consumption frequencies. Results of the study revealed that none of the two dimensions of personal values had significant influence on the sport consumption behavior of research participants. However, two of the three dimensions of ethnic identity (self-definition and self-esteem) did significantly influence sport consumption preferences for and frequencies of basketball and football. Self-definition had a significantly positive influence on the consumption of basketball while self-esteem had a significantly negative influence on football.An important finding of the current research was that gender was not a differentiation factor regarding the influence of personal values and ethnic identity on sport consumption. However, significant gender differences in terms of the sport consumption preferences and frequencies contrasted with previous findings by Armstrong (2002; 2003) which did not reveal any pronounced gender differences among Black sport consumers. The results generally support the infusion of aspects of culture into the sport behavior inquiry of ethnic minority consumers. The results also provide support for previous research findings that culturally and ethnically-based consumption phenomena hold important clues for marketing strategy.
Advisors/Committee Members: Armstrong, Ketra L.
Subjects: Education, Physical
Keywords: Personal values; Ethnic identity; Black sport consumers; Sport consumption; Consumption community
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5.
Babayigit, Cihan.
Genetic Algorithms and Mathematical Models in Manpower Allocation and Cell Loading Problem.
Degree: MS, Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering (Engineering), 2004, Ohio University
► Several solutions to the cell loading problem have been reported in the…
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▼ Several solutions to the cell loading problem have been reported in the literature. However, Manpower Allocation and Cell Loading (MACL) problem is relatively new. Therefore, this thesis focuses on these issues. This study not only analyzes the MACL problem with a mathematical model and genetic algorithm (GA) but also it extends the mathematical model to include the number of tardy jobs concept and also adds original aspects, Multiple League and Extreme League, to the traditional GA methods. The objective of this thesis is to solve the MACL problem by both mathematical models and genetic algorithms and then compare the results in some cases. Results show that original methods in GA outperform the traditional methods in some cases. GA finds optimal or near optimal solutions much faster than a mathematical model does especially in large problems.
Advisors/Committee Members: Suer, Gursel A.
Subjects: Engineering, Industrial
Keywords: Manpower Allocation; Cell Loading; Genetic Algorithm; Mathematical Models; Multiple League; Extreme League
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6.
Babb, Kara C.
Research of China’s Private Enterprises and Brands on a Global Background.
Degree: MA, East Asian Languages and Literatures, 2011, Ohio State University
► The opening of China’s domestic market in the late 1980’s and the…
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▼ The opening of China’s domestic market in the late 1980’s and the internationalization and rapid development of its market not only provided new technological innovations and foreign capital, but also opened the market to foreign competition. This competitive rivalry often resulted in the purchase, loss of controlling shares and/or the eventual disappearance of many well-known Chinese domestic brands. China’s admission to the World Trade Organization further exposed the country’s internal market to intense competition from world-class international brands. Increased competition and strict international standards has forced China to examine its own international competitive position, as well as strengthen the international competitiveness of domestic brands. In recent years, numerous quality issues with Chinese- made products has attracted the attention of global consumers, and has negatively influenced international consumer opinion towards “Made in China.” China can no longer passively remain at the lowest end of the Value Chain, as the “World’s Low-Cost Factory”, but rather must encourage and promote the transformation of private enterprises from low-cost Original Equipment Manufacturing (OEM), to the producers of competitive brands with highly recognized quality standards.
Advisors/Committee Members: Wang, Jianqi.
Subjects: Asian Studies
Keywords: China's Domestic Private Enterprises; brand development strategy; competitive strategy
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7.
Babb, Tanner A.
Counselor Education Student Perceptions of the American Counseling Association Ethical Code as It Pertains to the Use of Facebook.
Degree: PhD, Counselor Education, 2012, University of Toledo
► Student use of online social networks has increased exponentially in the past…
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▼ Student use of online social networks has increased exponentially in the past five years. Facebook is one of the largest and most utilized by students. Many counseling students use Facebook on a regular basis to keep in touch with friends, family, and acquaintances. (Lenhart and Madden, 2007). Current American Counseling Association (ACA) ethical codes do not address online social networking and leave many gray areas for students to interpret when using online social networking, which could have a negative impact on their ability to interact with peers, supervisors, and clients in the most ethical way possible (ACA, 2005). The purpose of this study is to look at how students view online social networking on Facebook and how those actions relate to current ethical codes. As more understanding is gained of student’s perceptions of ethical codes then current codes can be adapted accommodate the use of online social networking.
Advisors/Committee Members: Salyers, Kathleen.
Subjects: Counseling Education
Keywords: Facebook; Counseling; Ethics; American Counseling Association; Online Social Networking
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8.
Babb, Thomas Eugene.
Assessing the Relationship of Wetland Quality and Home Sale Prices; a Hedonic Study.
Degree: MS, Environmental Science, 2012, Ohio State University
► The primary purpose of this study is to determine how different aspects…
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▼ The primary purpose of this study is to determine how different aspects of wetland quality are preferred by the home buying public. This research seeks to use extensive home sale and amenity data, coupled with proximity information, to determine if there is a correlation between the value of a home and the quality of a wetland ecosystem. The Ohio Rapid Assessment Methodology is used for ascertaining wetland quality to obtain quantitative data on a number of habitats in the Franklin County, Ohio area .Real estate data is also used to produce results in the form of parameter estimates and marginal effects for each of the independent variables in the model. The research is focused on determining if there is a correlation between home prices and wetland type to address whether or not there is a preference for a given type of ecosystem. The resulting study shows that there is a positive correlation between a number of quality metrics and home prices. Also, as a home increases in its distance to a given wetland, then the home decreases in sale price. This research also examines this method of research compared with other studies that have not considered quality in their hedonic models and what the implications of these preferences mean for the permitting and impact of these isolated wetland ecosystems.
Advisors/Committee Members: Sohngen, Brent.
Subjects: Environmental Economics; Environmental Science
Keywords: Wetland; Hedonic; Economic Valuation; Quality Indicators
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9.
Babcock, Carmen J.
The effect of intermittent simulated altitude exposure via re-breathing on cycling performance.
Degree: PhD, Educational Policy and Leadership, 2007, Ohio State University
► Increased participation of competitive athletes in new methods of simulated altitude warrants…
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▼ Increased participation of competitive athletes in new methods of simulated altitude warrants research on changes in performances. PURPOSE: To ascertain the effects of intermittent simulated altitude exposure via re-breathing on cycling performance. METHODS: Eighteen, well-trained male cyclists use a re-breathing device for 15 days. Subjects were randomly assigned to either a low constant exposure group (CON) in which oxygen saturation was held constant (98%); or progressively increased exposure group (TRT), where oxygen saturation was progressively reduced (90% to 77% over 15 days). An exercise performance test was performed to familiarize subjects to the protocol (FAM), prior to simulated altitude exposure (PRE) and following simulated altitude exposure (POST). The critical power protocol was used to examine power output in varied time trial (TT) efforts. Performance was also investigated through measurements of lactate, oxygen consumption (VO2), and heart rate (HR). Blood characteristics examined include hematocrit, reticulocyte and serum Ferritin values. RESULTS: There was significant improvement (p=.004) for the TRT group at POST in the 15m TT (PRE = 325.0 ± 12.2 watts, POST = 335.0 ± 11.9 watts) and estimated 60m TT (PRE = 300.1 ± 28.4; POST = 322.4 ± 36.1) compared to no improvement in the CON group. The TRT group improvement was 3-4.5% in average power output. There were no significant differences in the power outputs of the 3m TT at POST for either group. There were no significant differences in haematological measures at POST for either group. A decreased VO2 Index (p=.075) and a significant decrease (p = .026) in HR Index (HRavg/wattavg) was revealed for the TRT group (PRE = 0.564 ± 0.044; POST = 0.544 ± 0.053). CONCLUSIONS: In competitive cyclists, the use of a re-breathing device resulted in improved performance for events which rely heavily on aerobic power but none for anaerobic power. These findings are similar in regard to performance adaptations found in other acclimatization investigations, terrestrial or simulated. It is suggested that the re-breathing form of simulated altitude may be utilized as an alternative to terrestrial or other forms of simulated altitude, in efforts to mediate performance gains in endurance type events.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kirby, Timothy E.
Subjects: Health Sciences, Recreation
Keywords: altitude; simulated altitude; re-breathing; intermittent hypoxia; hypoxia; cycling; cyclist; exercise; exercise physiology; re-breathing; rebreathing; altitude tent; IHT
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10.
Babcock, Lynn M.D.
Predicting Post-Concussion Syndrome After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Children.
Degree: MS, Medicine: Clinical and Translational Research, 2012, University of Cincinnati
► Background: A cluster of cognitive, physical, emotional / behavioral and sleep problems…
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▼ Background: A cluster of cognitive, physical, emotional / behavioral and sleep problems referred to as post-concussion syndrome (PCS) occurs following mild traumatic brain injury (mild TBI) in a subset of children. Limited evidence suggests that patient and injury characteristics contribute to the development of PCS. Objective: To determine the acute predictors associated with the development of PCS in children. Methods: Retrospective analysis of a prospective observational study of children ages 5 to 18 years presenting to the Emergency Department (ED) with mild TBI. All patients had data related to the injury recorded during the initial ED visit. Telephone follow-up administration of the Rivermead Postconcussion Questionnaire was conducted at three months post injury. In a convenience sample, serum was analyzed for the biomarker S100B. Univariable and multivariable logistic regressions were performed. Results: 29% of children presenting to the ED with mild TBI developed had PCS. The most frequent PCS symptom was headache. Predictors of the development of PCS were age, headache on presentation in the ED and admission to the hospital, while controlling for other covariates. S100B levels alone did not predict development of PCS. Children who developed PCS missed, on average, 7.4 (SD 4.9) days of school. Conclusions: Children, who were older, had headache on ED presentation and required hospital admission at ED encounter, were at high risk of PCS following TBI. Interventions to identify and begin early treatment for this population may be of benefit to improve outcomes and reduce burden of disease.
Advisors/Committee Members: Haynes, Erin Nicole.
Subjects: Surgery
Keywords: S100B
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11.
BABIC SCHLEUE, MILICA.
LAND USE PLAN, JACKSON TOWNSHIP, CLERMONT COUNTY, OHIO.
Degree: MCP, Design, Architecture, Art, and Planning : Community Planning, 2002, University of Cincinnati
► This research paper seeks to provide the residents of Jackson Township, Clermont…
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▼ This research paper seeks to provide the residents of Jackson Township, Clermont County, Ohio with a framework for future land use. Residents of this community identified the long term goals and objectives through series of community meetings sponsored by the Jackson Township Zoning Commission. These goals summarize residents’ desires to protect a farmland heritage without sacrificing the needs for new development, to maintain rural character of the community and to make sure that development happens in planned manner. To create a future land use plan for Jackson Township, this project first reviews the relevant literature regarding growth and its impact on rural communities, the literature explaining the importance of comprehensive planning, and the statutory authority of townships under Ohio law. Next, the inventory and analysis of existing conditions in the Township is presented. The results of two community meetings sponsored by the Jackson Township Zoning Commission are reviewed in order to create a future land use plan for Jackson Township. The implementation strategies and the specific land use planning tools are explained in terms of their applicability to this community.
Advisors/Committee Members: Barry, Dr. Roger.
Subjects: Urban and Regional Planning
Keywords: land use plan; rural community; Jackson Township; Clermont County
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12.
Babler, Allison L.
Allochthony of detritivorous fish in Ohio reservoirs, as determined using stable hydrogen isotopes.
Degree: MS, Zoology, 2009, Miami University
► Terrestrial inputs may play a substantial role in subsidizing aquatic food webs.…
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▼ Terrestrial inputs may play a substantial role in subsidizing aquatic food webs. The detritivorous gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) is a dominant fish in the eastern USA, particularly where terrestrial inputs of detritus and inorganic nutrients are high, as from agricultural watersheds. The extent to which gizzard shad consume settled phytodetritus versus detritus from terrestrial sources is unknown.This study used deuterium to quantify the contribution of terrestrial detritus to gizzard shad across 11 reservoirs in Ohio, USA with land use ranging from 6 to 86% agricultural. Deuterium values for gizzard shad were similar among all 11 reservoirs, with means ranging from -145.9‰ to -179.4‰. Allochthony estimates ranged from 27 to 48%. We found that allochthony was related to both land use and watershed area. Our results suggest that gizzard shad rely heavily on phytodetritus, while several factors may influence the availability and quality of terrestrial subsidies.
Advisors/Committee Members: Vanni, Michael.
Subjects: Ecology; Freshwater ecology; Zoology
Keywords: allochthonous; allochthony; food web; reservoir; stable isotope; gizzard shad; deuterium; detritus; land use
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13.
Babonis, Gregory S.
Low Temperature Scanning Tunneling Microscope for Single Atom Manipulation.
Degree: MS, Physics (Arts and Sciences), 2003, Ohio University
► In this thesis a low temperature scanning tunneling microscope will be constructed…
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▼ In this thesis a low temperature scanning tunneling microscope will be constructed to explore the possibilities of atomic manipulation. In doing so we need to gain an understanding of the quantum mechanical theory of STM operation, set up a complex architecture of specialized equipment to achieve UHV conditions within the STM, control the tip of the microscope through the design and construction of a low noise high voltage amplifier, and record data conclusively demonstrating the ability of the STM to resolve nanoscale surface structures, while more importantly manipulating atoms in a controlled fashion.
Advisors/Committee Members: Hla, Saw-Wai.
Subjects: Physics, Condensed Matter
Keywords: Scanning Tunneling Microscope; Atomic Manipulation; High Voltage Amplifier; LT-STM; Ag[111]; Low-Temperature Scanning Tunneling Microscopy
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14.
Babson, Lisabeth J.C.
Effectiveness of self-monitoring of negative self statements with chronic pain patients.
Degree: PhD, Physical Activity and Educational Services, 2007, Ohio State University
► The post-injury return to work problem is severe and continues to result…
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▼ The post-injury return to work problem is severe and continues to result in loss of worker productivity and increased cost to business and industry nearing $16 billion annually. With the increase in workers’ compensation claims, there is a stronger push for returning consumers to work once they have reached Maximum Medical Improvement (MMI). This study examined the use of a self-monitoring intervention on the frequency of negative self statements of chronic pain patients within the therapeutic setting. Three subjects who have secondary psychiatric claims through the Bureau of Workers’ compensation and who have chronic pain participated in this study. The subjects chosen for this study were of interest due to the complex pain issues and their pervasive negativistic thinking styles which surround their chronic pain and workers compensation status. This study used an ABAB reversal design. The results of this study suggest the patients lowered the amount of negative self statements made during each of the self monitoring interventions than during baseline. Each of the three participants demonstrated the ability to lower the amount of both pain related and non-pain related negative self statements. Though the number of negative self statements made per therapy session decreased on average for each patient through each successive intervention, some of the return to baseline levels were not as elevated. This suggests possible occurrence of treatment effects, which suggest the patients began to internalize the treatment intervention during the second baseline phases. Self-monitoring has been an effective tool utilized in educational and clinical settings. Self-monitoring can act as a motivating device by encouraging people to set goals of progressive improvement for themselves, even though they have not been explicitly asked to do so. In the case with chronic pain patients, increased levels of self regulation and self esteem may decrease negativistic thinking which may then lead to more predictable and improved outcomes.
Advisors/Committee Members: Growick, Bruce S.
Keywords: Chronic Pain; Depression; Negative Self Statements
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15.
Babu, Sailesh.
A material based approach to creating wear resistant surfaces for hot forging.
Degree: PhD, Industrial and Systems Engineering, 2004, Ohio State University
► Tools and dies used in metal forming are characterized by extremely high…
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▼ Tools and dies used in metal forming are characterized by extremely high temperatures at the interface, high local pressures and large metal to metal sliding. These harsh conditions result in accelerated wear of tooling. This phenomenon becomes a serious issue when parts forged at complex and are expected to meet tight tolerances. The objective of this dissertation is to develop a computer-based methodology for analyzing the requirements hot forging tooling to resist wear and plastic deformation and to create wear resistant surfaces to overcome these failure mode, to increase hot forging tool life. The approach proposed and tested in the dissertation involves development of a FEM based approach to model material degradation caused by heat, load and sliding. This approach uses tempering parameters proposed by Holloman and Jaffe and published thermal softening behavior of tool steels to predict the drop in hardness of tool steels during service. Using a modified Archard’s model for wear that takes into account effect of temperature on hardness, this drop in hardness is then used to more accurately predict wear in hot forging tools, that are dominated by thermal softening. Dissertation outlines development of a new cyclic contact test design to recreate intermittent tempering seen in hot forging. This test has been used to validate the use of tempering parameters in modeling of in-service softening of tool steel surfaces. The dissertation also outlines an industrial case study, conducted at a forging company, to validate the wear model. This dissertation also outlines efforts at Ohio State University, to deposit Nickel Aluminide on AISI H13 substrate, using Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS). Dissertation reports results from an array of experiments conducted using LENS 750 machine, at various power levels, table speeds and hatch spacing. Results pertaining to bond quality, surface finish, compositional gradients and hardness are provided. Also, a thermal – based finite element numerical model that was used to simulate the LENS process is presented, along with some demonstrated results.
Advisors/Committee Members: Shivpuri, Rajiv.
Keywords: Hot forging; Die wear; Thermal softening; In-service tempering; Tempering parameters; Laser engineered net shaping (LENS); Nickel aluminide; AISI H13 tool steel; Cladding
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16.
Babyar, Heather Michelle.
Informant Discrepancy in Cystic Fibrosis: Comparison Between Child, Parent, and Physician Report.
Degree: MA, College of Arts and Sciences / Department of Psychology, 2010, Kent State University
► The present study investigated whether informants (children with cystic fibrosis, parents, and…
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▼ The present study investigated whether informants (children with cystic fibrosis, parents, and physicians) differ in their report of specific medical treatment adherence behaviors. Furthermore, comparisons of reported adherence among a variety of specific treatment behaviors were examined to determine specific behaviors that may be differentially adhered to. The current study suggests reported adherence to treatment varies as a function of informant, and with respect to the specific component of the treatment regimen. Specifically, ratings of greater adherence among all informants were found for pancreatic enzymes, oral antibiotics, and airway clearance techniques. The current study found ratings of poor adherence among all informants for nutritional supplements. Contrary to study hypotheses, children and parents had discrepant reporting of specific adherence behaviors. Specifically, children reported greater levels of adherence than their parents for airway clearance and aerosol medication adherence. However, consistent with study hypotheses, physicians significantly differed from parents and children in their report of adherence behaviors by reporting lower levels of adherence than parents and children for airway clearance and aerosol antibiotic adherence. Implications for medical management and future research are discussed. In sum, this work highlights the importance of assessing different informants’ reports of adherence, in order to adopt interventions targeting those treatments, and aid in the improvement of treatment success.
Advisors/Committee Members: Wildman, Beth.
Subjects: Psychology
Keywords: Cystic Fibrosis; adherence, multiple informants
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17.
Bacabac, Florence Elizabeth.
FROM CYBERSPACE TO PRINT: RE-EXAMINING THE EFFECTS OF COLLABORATIVE ONLINE INVENTION ON FIRST-YEAR ACADEMIC WRITING.
Degree: PhD, English/Rhetoric and Writing, 2008, Bowling Green State University
► This descriptive study re-examines two online practices, the use of synchronous Chat…
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▼ This descriptive study re-examines two online practices, the use of synchronous Chat and asynchronous Discussion Board, as collaborative invention forums for composing a research-based essay. Basically, I looked at the transfer of invention ideas from each forum to student rough drafts in order to help substantiate the claim that the use of computer-mediated communication is an enabling practice for knowledge construction. Two first-year writing classes taught in a computer laboratory by the same instructor participated in the study; one class used Chat and the other used the Discussion Board for invention prior to drafting the essays. I analyzed the online transcripts, student rough drafts, and the teacher and student interview data to describe the effects of both synchronous and asynchronous platforms as collaborative invention strategies on academic writing. Throughout the investigation, two research questions were addressed: (RQ #1) How effective is each type of online invention in generating ideas for writing academic essays? and (RQ #2) What attitudes/perceptions do the teacher and students have toward the collaborative online invention process? The descriptive findings generally indicate that the transfer of invention ideas and language patterns from both online forums to the essays (RQ #1) is directly supported by the teacher and student interview patterns (RQ #2). Significant data patterns reveal the following effects of Chat and Discussion Board invention forums on student drafts: both show successful transfer of ideas in terms of essay topic, purpose, and thesis statement; average transfer of main ideas and supporting details; and minimal transfer of source ideas. However, the transfer of counterargument ideas from each forum differs: the use of Chat indicates null transfer of ideas while very minimal transfer is attributed to the use of the Discussion Board. Interview data patterns reveal agreement between the teacher and students as regards the capacity of each online forum to promote collaboration and knowledge construction. However, to support the contrasting transfer rates of counterargument ideas from Chat and Discussion Board forums, participants similarly expressed that meaningful and reflective interactions in Chat seem deficient due to its fluid and immediate setting as opposed to the capacity of the Discussion Board to sustain focused interactions and critical reflection. To conclude this pilot study, implications for theory and practice based on descriptive analysis were discussed along with further suggestions for pedagogy and research on computers and writing.
Advisors/Committee Members: Blair, Kristine.
Subjects: Composition
Keywords: collaborative online invention; first-year writing; online composition; computers and writing
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18.
Bacharach, Marc N.
War Metaphors: How President’s Use the Language of War to Sell Policy.
Degree: PhD, Political Science, 2006, Miami University
► During the latter half of the 20th century, Presidents have often invoked…
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▼ During the latter half of the 20th century, Presidents have often invoked the language of war to push through their policy initiatives. Despite the vast literature on presidential speeches, there has been little in the way of studying these rhetorical wars in any systematic fashion. This paper seeks to address that deficiency by studying several high-profile rhetorical wars that presidents have declared, from Lyndon Johnson’s War on Poverty to George W. Bush’s war on terror. The purpose is to trace the evolution of metaphorical wars from rhetoric into public policy. In tracing this process, many other questions will be addressed, including: What message was the president hoping to send to the American people through rhetoric? What were the original goals of the president? What are some of the reasons the “wars” failed or succeeded? Finally, to what extent did future administrations adopt their predecessor’s policy and to what extent did future presidents establish their own strategy for fighting the wars?
Advisors/Committee Members: Barilleaux, Ryan J.
Subjects: Political Science, General
Keywords: Presidency; Metaphors; Rhetoric; War on Poverty; War on Drugs; War on Terror; War on Crime; War on Inflation
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19.
Bacher, Jason R.
Designing for Education Debt Management: Improving Student Financial Experiences Through Design.
Degree: MFA, College of Communication and Information / School of Visual Communication Design, 2012, Kent State University
► For a growing number of students, education debt is becoming a familiar…
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▼ For a growing number of students, education debt is becoming a familiar and common reality. Borrowing money for a college education is unlike any financial experience that exists today. Unlike taking out a loan for a car or a mortgage for a home, students enroll in a cycle of continuous investing-potentially carrying on for a lifetime. Faced with a number of challenges at the onset of their college experience, students are borrowing without regard to the future impact of their decision making, placing incredible strain and emphasis on the value of their education. Further, they rely heavily on the knowledge and decision making of others to guide their financial management experiences. Students are also discovering that their support needs and expectations are not being met through the traditional service offerings of Financial Aid offices and other such university resources. In regard to borrowing for education, these factors create a generation of students faced with inconceivable amounts of debt that lack the financial capability, experience, and resources necessary to gain a better perspective. Design serves as a positive vehicle for change in an area where students need assistance. Students are in need of a better experience, one that provides them greater value in support of their future growth as students and members of the greater society. Without change, students will continue to pursue their financial experiences with apathy or carelessness; consequently, debt rates will continue to rise with inflation and new generations of graduates will face adulthood on the cusp of financial ruin.
Advisors/Committee Members: Visocky-O'Grady, Ken.
Subjects: Communication; Design; Education; Finance; Higher Education
Keywords: Participatory Design; Education Debt; Personal Finance; Student Debt; Student Development; Financial capability; Design
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20.
Bach, Judit.
A tale of two piano trios: Fanny and Felix Mendelssohn's Piano trios in D minor (op. 11, Op. 49); and how a woman composer's work should relate to the canon.
Degree: DMA, Music, 2005, Ohio State University
► Social forces shape the musical canon and the relation of the work…
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▼ Social forces shape the musical canon and the relation of the work of women composers to that male-dominated canon. Felix Mendelsssohn is a major figure in classical music, while Fanny is most likely known as his sister and not as a composer in her own right. In my study I will adress the injustice of the past, and argue for the inclusion of Fanny Mendelssohn's music in the traditional concert repertoire. Fanny's story is emblematic, and her situation can help illuminate the fate of other nineteenth-century women composers. Her story is a story of a woman with talent, with merit, who had been given the chance to try her wings, but not the chance to fly. There are two main issues here: why did her music, and that of many other nineteenth-century women composers, never become part of the canon; and how might that neglect be remedied, if it should in fact be remedied? These questions cannot be addressed without looking closely at the music, and without discussing larger social problems and analogies. The former issue broaches the social forces that prevented Fanny from becoming a professional musician, the powers that shape tradition, the notion of universal value, and the notion of difference. The latter issue brings up questions about assimilation, segregation, and acculturation. The core part of the document is a comparative analysis of the Piano Trios in D minor by Fanny and Felix Mendelssohn. The purpose of this comparison is to show that there is no intrinsically musical justification for the neglect of Fanny's composition. The two trios have enough similarities and analogies to show that her work fits securely into the tradition of the piano trio genre, while the subtle differences in dealing with musical details are witnesses to Fanny's unique, distinct musical language, which is generally speaking more spontaneous than that of Felix. Fanny's music is the music of a composer in her own right.
Advisors/Committee Members: Glaser, Steven M.
Keywords: Fanny Mendelssohn Hensel; Women composers; Musical canon; Piano trio; Felix Mendelssohn
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21.
Bachman, Kristen M.
THE EFFECTS OF MOBILE LEARNING ON INQUIRY-BASED INSTRUCTION.
Degree: Master of Computer Science, Computer Science, 2012, Miami University
► Recently, inquiry-based learning has been used to enable students to ask scientific…
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▼ Recently, inquiry-based learning has been used to enable students to ask scientific questions and come to objective conclusions based on observation and experimentation. Within this context, we have been exploring the impact of mobile devices upon different modes of learning including inquiry-based instruction. While much attention has been on mobile devices in the classroom due to their growing popularity, mobile learning has the ability to go beyond the confines of the brick and mortar to improve information retention and student engagement. This thesis explores best practices in engaging students in inquiry-based learning experiences using Research Buddy, an application developed over the course of this study to support citizen science and research data collection. We found that participants who used mobile devices in our study preferred using mobile devices as they made data collection easier and less overwhelming compared to participants using traditional paper and pencil methods of data collection. There is further work to be done to understand the full effect mobile devices have on perceived learning and engagement in inquiry-based experiment models.
Advisors/Committee Members: Gannod, Dr. Gerald.
Subjects: Computer Science; Education; Psychology
Keywords: mobile learning; citizen science; inquiry-based learning; m-learning; inquiry-based instruction
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22.
BACHMAN, MARY PATRICIA.
THE CAUSES FOR DELAY IN PLAN IMPLEMENTATION: A CASE STUDY OF THE MICHAEL A FOX REGIONAL HIGHWAY.
Degree: MCP, Design, Architecture, Art, and Planning : Community Planning, 2001, University of Cincinnati
► Hamilton, Ohio, located in Butler County approximately 25 miles north of Cincinnati,…
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▼ Hamilton, Ohio, located in Butler County approximately 25 miles north of Cincinnati, was for 37 years the only city of a population greater than 50,000 people lacking direct access to an Interstate Highway system. Yet this situation was not intentional; the 1958 Major Road Plan for Butler County prioritized the upgrading of an existing road to serve as a connector to what would eventually become Interstate Highway 75. The project existed in the minds of City leaders throughout the 1960's and came to the public's consciousness again in the 1970's after then-Governor James A. Rhodes visited Hamilton during an election year. The Governor stated that the road was long-overdue and that the Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Regional Council of Governments (OKI), the metropolitan planning organization (MPO) for the area, would grant the project highest priority status. No ground was broken for the project through the 1980's although there was grass-roots support for its completion. Hamilton, Innovative legislation in the 1990's paved the way for the creation of the Butler County Transportation Improvement District (BCTID). BCTID began construction of the road in 1996 and completed it in December 1999. The aim of this research project is threefold. The first goal of this study was to gain an understanding of the causes for delay in highway construction as they specifically apply to the Michael A. Fox Regional Highway, as well as the causes that conspired to allow for its eventual completion. The second goal of research was to examine the political factors that allowed for the highway's completion. The third project goal was to gain understanding of the complex process of intergovernmental coordination as it applies to the process of highway planning, funding, and implementation. The research completed to satisfy the first and second goals of the project provides a framework of effective practices that can be applied in other planning situations.
Advisors/Committee Members: Jacobs, Andrew.
Subjects: Urban and Regional Planning
Keywords: state infrastructure bank; highway planning; plan implementation; Michael A. Fox Regional Highway; transportation improvement district
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23.
Bachmann, Richard Joseph.
A Hybrid Vehicle for Aerial and Terrestrial Locomotion.
Degree: PhD, EMC - Mechanical Engineering, 2009, Case Western Reserve University
► A durable hybrid vehicle has been developed capable of both aerial and…
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▼ A durable hybrid vehicle has been developed capable of both aerial and terrestrial locomotion. The motivation for the work was a wide range of sensor deployment scenarios that would benefit from a vehicle capable of 1) flying long distances to a target area and 2) walking around the target to perform near-field inspection. A technology survey was performed to identify the candidate terrestrial and aerial locomotion technologies for integration. The Mini-Whegs robot, developed at Case Western Reserve University, was selected as the terrestrial running gear, and the flexible-wing micro air vehicle (MAV), developed at University of Florida, was selected as the aerial platform. A rigorous trade-off analysis led to a remote control prototype that had a fully functional airframe augmented with two R/C servos, modified for continuous rotation, driving independent music wire wheel-legs at the front of the vehicle. This vehicle achieved most of the original performance requirements. It could fly, land, crawl, and regain flight by crawling off the edge of a rooftop. A critical performance evaluation illuminated improvements to the design and fabrication necessary to create a viable hybrid vehicle for field deployment. The vehicle design and fabrication processes were overhauled to improve the durability and reproducibility of the final design. A custom-built terrestrial locomotion subsystem, with compliance in the drive train, was crucial to improved durability. CNC fabrication of the fuselage mold and a one-piece tail design were central to repeatability. A commercially available autopilot was implemented for autonomous operation. Vehicle mass increased from 118 to 365 grams. The wingspan was subsequently increased to 16", but wing loading increased from 37 to 64 N/m2. A corresponding decrease in controllability was observed. Winglets were found to increase lift, but decrease stability by mitigating wing flexibility. The final vehicle was able to fly, land, and crawl repeatedly. Over 8 flights (and landings) have been performed by the vehicle, and the vehicle has yet to show any signs of damage. The vehicle cruises at 14 m/s and crawls at 0.33 m/s (0.8 body lengths per second). For comparison, a typical Mini-Whegs runs at 5 body lengths per second.
Advisors/Committee Members: Quinn, Roger.
Subjects: Mechanical engineering
Keywords: hybrid; locomotion; MAV; Whegs; terrestrial; aerial; integration
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24.
Bach, Morten.
None So Consistently Right: The American Legion's Cold War, 1945-1960.
Degree: PhD, History (Arts and Sciences), 2007, Ohio University
► This dissertation examines the American Legion’s role in shaping U.S. national security…
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▼ This dissertation examines the American Legion’s role in shaping U.S. national security policy during the early Cold War, specifically in the fifteen years from 1945 to 1960. With a membership more than three times the size of the interwar period, and the subject of concerted attention from the press as well as political candidates, the national American Legion’s expectations of influence were high. Its outlook was also influenced by its sense of special obligation to help safeguard the nation from external and internal enemies. By asking how, for what ends, and with what degree of success the Legionnaires attempted to influence national security policy during these years, this study adds to the existing literature on the early Cold War, specifically that dealing with domestic anti-communism as well as to a very slim literature on the American Legion in the wake of World War II. Through extensive use of public sources and private papers, the dissertation draws two general conclusions about the Legion’s activities concerning national security. First, in spite of size and prominence, the Legion’s discernible influence on national security policy does not appear to have been great. Quite aside from its occasional and perhaps half-hearted attempts at having various organizations investigated by Congressional committees, the acid test may be its long campaign for universal military training. Although universal military training was its top legislative priority on several occasions and the Legion had friendly hearings in Congress, it never proved able to convince legislators to enact a program. Second, militant rhetoric notwithstanding, the Legion always considered itself a mainstream organization. The campaign against subversion posed a continuing problem as some members and employees continually overstepped the fluid bounds of permissible behavior. As public sentiment began to turn against counter-subversive activism in the late 1950s, the image-conscious Legion lost its appetite for it as well.
Advisors/Committee Members: Pach, Chester J.
Subjects: History, United States
Keywords: American Legion; veterans; anti-communism; universal military training
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25.
Bachnak, Rafic A.
Development of a stereo-based multi-camera system for 3-D vision.
Degree: PhD, Computer Science (Engineering), 1989, Ohio University
► Many important applications of computer vision are found in manufacturing and defense…
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▼ Many important applications of computer vision are found in manufacturing and defense industries. Such applications include inspection, measurements, robotic assembly and autonomous vehicle guidance. The area of three-dimensional vision presents great challenges and complex problems. It has attracted considerable research efforts in recent years. Although significant progress has been made, the transfer of fundamental ideas to concrete applications has not been successful at the practical implementation stage. This is due to the complexities involved in the process of emulating the human vision capability in a computer system. In this dissertation, a stereo-based multi-camera system for complete 3-D information extraction and object surface reconstruction in a robot workspace is developed. The system consists of N number of cameras arranged in an N/2 number of periodic stereo pair structure. The cameras sense the working area of a robot in the form of N images which are processed to obtain the 3-D data in the robot's environment. The extracted information is provided to a surface reconstruction algorithm for object description. The image reconstruction phase is performed in the scene domain on the combined data of adjacent camera pairs. The system advances the 3-D vision capability of industrial robots. Specific contributions include a camera calibration procedure that determines the system's parameters directly from the output digital image using only three known world points. This procedure uses a pinhole camera model and assumes a linear image transformation process between the image plane of the camera and the output digital image. The parameters of the system are computed by solving a set of linear equations. The number of cameras for entire coverage of the robot workspace is determined by defining the common area of a camera. This is essential because the 3-D information of any portion of the object that does not appear in both cameras can not be recovered. The working environment of the robot is described based on the knowledge of the common area and the number of camera pairs used. The shifting property of the Fourier transform is utilized for disparity estimation. The result reduces the cost and increases the accuracy of the matching procedure. This is true because the matching process is directly proportional to the search limits in the other image. In addition, the matching is only performed in the common area of a camera pair which is determined from the geometry of the set-up. Matching of stereo image pairs is also addressed. An image matching technique that makes use of the estimated disparity is developed. The method combines the advantages of both the area-based and feature-based approaches. The feature-based matching results guide a local window operation that identifies correct matches within a neighborhood. The local matching measure is based on the smoothness in disparity values in neighboring pixels on the surface of the object. Surface reconstruction for complete object representation is performed in the scene domain. In this regard, the Lagrangian polynomial is employed locally to approximate the object points based on the available data. Here, the known depth points retain their original values. This initialization process improves the convergence rate and the performance of the quadratic variations technique. Finally, an algorithm for corner detection on digital curves was developed and employed for object representation to test the efficiency and reliability of the developed system for 3-D measurements. First, the thinned image is scanned to assign candidate corners. Then, false corners are eliminated by operating locally at the initial assignments. The final result is a list of corners, each identified by its position, and the number and direction of the edges intersecting at its center. The algorithm is capable of finding two and multiple-side corners and is suitable for parallel implementation.
Advisors/Committee Members: Celenk, M.
Keywords: stereo-based; multi-camera system; 3-D vision; manufacturing computers; digital; robot
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26.
Bachnak, Rafic A.
Spectral estimation and frequency tracking of time-varying signals.
Degree: MS, Electrical Engineering (Engineering), 1984, Ohio University
Spectral estimation and frequency tracking of time-varying signals
Advisors/Committee Members: Tanaka, K. O.
Keywords: Autocorrelation Function; Power Spectral Density Function; Time-Frequency Representation; Short-Time Fourier Analysis
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27.
Bachtel, April.
Innate Materiality.
Degree: BA, College of the Arts / School of Art, 2011, Kent State University Honors College
► I am fascinated by simple, remarkable, natural processes, like a puddle that…
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▼ I am fascinated by simple, remarkable, natural processes, like a puddle that has gathered in the sidewalk, colorful fungi that grow and multiply, and tide pools that flourish with life at low tide. I focus on these often-overlooked occurrences to create a language of colors, shapes, forms, and processes in order to construct abstract works of art that resemble organic, natural spaces. Each painting shrinks, magnifies, or modifies natural places in our world. This thesis is my investigation of the natural environment with which we coexist, but frequently neglect. It is my wish that viewers experience these paintings as momentary escapes or pauses away from the busy chaos of everyday life. This body of work includes a variety of different processes and materials to create a sense of wonder and beauty in order to achieve a similar quietness and stillness that nature has to offer us. My honors thesis is done in conjunction with my senior project, Innate Materiality, which consists of eleven works, and a body of writing that categorizes the work to expand upon and further explain the paintings.
Advisors/Committee Members: Commito, Gianna.
Subjects: Art Criticism
Keywords: art, abstract painting, painting, contemporary painting, nature, relief painting
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28.
Bachus, Laura E.
Influence of Torque on Visual Heaviness Perception.
Degree: MA, Arts and Sciences: Psychology, 2011, University of Cincinnati
► The perceived heaviness of an object is not perfectly correlated with an…
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▼ The perceived heaviness of an object is not perfectly correlated with an object’s mass. For example, larger objects are perceived as lighter than smaller objects when mass is held constant (Charpentier, 1891). Both non-visual (i.e., touching or wielding an object out of view) and multimodal (i.e., vision + touch) heaviness perception seem to be related to an object’s rotational inertia—the object’s resistance to applied wielding torque (e.g., Amazeen & Turvey, 1996; Streit, Shockley, and Riley, 2007). Inertia models have explained instances of non-visual influences of size because for objects of a given mass, rotational inertia necessarily changes with changes in object size. Efforts have been made to understand the role of vision in heaviness perception based on rotational inertia and its corresponding relation to an object’s kinematics (i.e., motion) (Streit, 2008; Streit et al., 2007). Streit (2008) discussed the importance of applied wielding torque in the proposed multimodally specified inertia model. Specifically, he looked at visual heaviness perception in which a perceiver’s heaviness report was based on watching the wielding motions produced by another actor. Visual perception of others’ actions depends on the perceiver’s action system and changes online as a perceiver’s action capabilities change (see Richardson, Fajen, Shockley, Riley, & Turvey, 2008 for a review). The current study tested the possibility that one’s force production capabilities scale visual heaviness reports by having participants estimate the heaviness of visually viewed objects while wielding objects at different frequencies and orientations to vary applied wielding torque. When objects were wielded at a fast frequency in a vertical orientation, the viewed objects appeared heavier than when wielded at slower frequencies in the same orientation. However, no influences of applied wielding torque were found in the horizontal orientation nor as a function of object orientation. These results suggest that a sufficient change in applied wielding torque relative to overall wielding torque influence visual heaviness perception in a manner consistent with inertia models.
Advisors/Committee Members: Shockley, Kevin.
Subjects: Psychology
Keywords: Heaviness Perception; Embodied Cognition
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29.
Bachus, Matthew J.
Investigation of New Nanomaterials for Sensor Applications and Property Enhancement.
Degree: PhD, Chemistry, 2012, Miami University
► This dissertation is comprised of four chapters describing the unique phenomena exhibited…
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▼ This dissertation is comprised of four chapters describing the unique phenomena exhibited by materials when confined to nanoscale sizes. Recent advances in nanomaterial fabrication methods are utilized in an effort to further improve the capabilities of modern sensing devices and material property enhancement. Chapter 1 provides a background of nanomaterials and explains why they display such unique properties unobserved on the macroscale. An examination is also conducted regarding the various techniques used to study these incredibly small materials. Chapter 2 describes the research conducted surrounding polymer nanoinfusion, a new method of creating nanocomposite materials. Polymer nanoinfusion is a process of facilitating nanoparticle formation within the free volume in situ of crystalline polymer matrices. A study is designed to learn more of how this process occurs in order to further improve the overall material properties observed. Chapter 3 investigates nanosphere lithography as an inexpensive alternative to current nanohole array fabrication methods. This chapter also describes information gathered regarding the use of nanohole arrays as a surface plasmon enhanced sensing medium in an effort to develop a low-cost sensing device requiring no external power source using sunlight as a source of light and visible property changes as means of detection. Chapter 4 discusses the future directions for research projects involving polymer nanoinfusion and nanohole array sensing in order to fully take advantage of what they are capable of contributing to the scientific community.
Advisors/Committee Members: Pacey, Gilbert E.
Subjects: Analytical Chemistry; Chemistry; Nanotechnology
Keywords: nanomaterials, nanoinfusion, nanocomposite, nanohole array, surface plasmon, sensors, property enhancement
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