Department: Department of Criminal Justice ![[clear]](close-x.png "Remove this limiter")
31 matches in the database.
These are records: 1 - 30.
[1] [2]
1.
Alhassan, Mukaddas.
An Evaluation of a Victim Offender Mediation Program at a Juvenile Court.
Degree: MS, Department of Criminal Justice, 2010, Youngstown State University
► This research project evaluates a Victim Offender Mediation (VOM) program established by…
(more)
▼ This research project evaluates a Victim Offender Mediation (VOM) program established by a Juvenile Court in Northeast Ohio. The research focuses on the procedure used in the program, the driving philosophy, the participants' views and perception or perceived satisfaction with the program, and their recommendations for change. The VOM centers on Victim-Offender dialogue with the mediator in a face-to-face or a shuttle interaction. The VOM program, and its effectiveness as a sentencing alternative, is evaluated for the purpose of reducing the damage or the burden (both physical and emotional) created in the lives of victims as a result of victimization, and also rehabilitation of offenders. Data from the mediation program for a one year period was analyzed. The data provide information on offenders referred to the program, including their race, gender, offense committed, and whether or not an agreement (including restitution) was reached between them and their victims at the end of mediation sessions. This study also uses a second dataset obtained through the administration of a survey questionnaire to the program participants. The second data involve participants' views and perceptions or “satisfaction” with the mediation process and its outcome. Also included in the survey questionnaire are participants' suggestions for program improvement. The study found that 98.53% of participants in the mediation program reached agreements (including restitutions) at end of their mediations; alleged victims and offenders feel much better after going through the mediation process; mediation programs cushion or reduce the burden that alleged victims suffer as a result of victimization; and all the participants in the mediation program prefer mediation to trial/adjudication.
Advisors/Committee Members: Hazy, John M.
Subjects: Criminology
Keywords: mediation; reconciliation; restorative justice
More Like This
2.
Al-Oran, Kholood Ahmed.
Correctional System in the Hashmite Kingdom of Jordan.
Degree: MS, Department of Criminal Justice, 2001, Youngstown State University
► This study examines the Correctional System in the Hashmite Kingdom of Jordan.…
(more)
▼ This study examines the Correctional System in the Hashmite Kingdom of Jordan. The Correctional System in Jordan is strictly institutional in nature. There are no community based correctional facilities or programs in Jordan for adult offenders. In the United States probation and parole are more common place then incarceration of offenders. The differences between the two nations are presented in this research. The type of offenders incarcerated in Jordan, the offenses they committed, and their length of sentencing are presented and evaluated in this research project. Data presented for this study were collected in Jordan. This research project ends with suggestions for improving the correctional system in that nation. Crime is one of the most serious social phenomena in society today especially in Jordan. Their population is very young and an increase in criminality is probable. Criminality leads to the explotation of a nation's resources and energies. It delays society's progress and advancement. Crime is basically a reaction to various social ills, environmental ills, psychological ills, educational ills, and perhaps biological abnormalities. It is therefore very important to study individuals who commits crimes to help determine the reasons for their actions. Knowing the motives of a prisoner's behavior assist in carrying out correctional and rehabilitation objectives. These objectives included educating and correcting the behavior of the prisoners in addition to qualifying them to become useful members of society. Hence, reviewing the feasibility of programs available at correctional and rehabilitation centers, and introducing new ones, will enhance the process of prisoners' rehabilitation and healthy return to society where they will refrain from committing crimes again. This research project, through literature review and data analysis examines these issues.
Advisors/Committee Members: King, Tammy A.
Subjects: Sociology, Criminology and Penology
Keywords: Correctional institutions; Kingdom of Jordan
More Like This
3.
Ballard, Courtney E.
Sex Ratios and the r/K Continuum.
Degree: MS, Department of Criminal Justice, 1999, Youngstown State University
► An analysis of existing U.S. Census, Uniform Crime Report and Vital Statistics…
(more)
▼ An analysis of existing U.S. Census, Uniform Crime Report and Vital Statistics data was undertaken to determine whether a relationship exists between environmental factors, specifically sex ratios, and population behavior. Nine U.S. states were examined for their ratios of men to women, and then compared to existing data concerning marriage rates, birth rates, rates of births to un-wed mothers, and violent crime rates. The theoretical framework for this research was based on the r/K continuum, a biological theory focused on reproductive strategy and resource allocation of individuals within a population.
Advisors/Committee Members: King, Tammy A.
Subjects: Sociology, Public and Social Welfare
Keywords: r/K continuum
More Like This
4.
Beraduce, Janet.
Crime and the Economy: Economic Effects on the Crime Rates of Youngstown, Ohio.
Degree: MS, Department of Criminal Justice, 2010, Youngstown State University
► Economic decline in large industrialized cities can cause events to occur, for…
(more)
▼ Economic decline in large industrialized cities can cause events to occur, for example, large organizations in the area begin to close or move out of the community. These industries suffer a decline in sales and can no longer keep their facilities open. When those who are unemployed cannot find new work, they migrate out of the area leaving the community to crumble. When the economy of the community fails, the influx of crime in the area is not far behind. This research examined the possible economic-crime trend in Youngstown compared to other rustbelt and non-rustbelt cities. The study found that while Youngstown suffered the worse economic decline, the crime in the area was comparable to the other stronger economic cities. This questions the initial thought that the weaker the economic situation in an area, the worse the crime will be. There were some similar trends that were found between Youngstown and the other rustbelt cities; however, the non-rustbelt cities also followed some similar trends. The relationship between economic strength and crime found in this study was not strong enough to draw conclusions or support the hypothesis that a correlation exists. Further research is needed to take a more in depth examination of the crime and economic situation in these areas, like using fewer variables in order to pin point the problem.
Advisors/Committee Members: Hazy, John.
Subjects: Criminology; Economics; Economic Theory; Sociology
Keywords: Criminal justice; Economic situation; Economic strain; Crime theory
More Like This
5.
Beshara, John M.
Self–Reported Stress at Work: A Study of Deputy Sheriffs in Northeastern Ohio.
Degree: MS, Department of Criminal Justice, 2010, Youngstown State University
► Deputy sheriffs' work is especially stressful. This stress takes a toll on…
(more)
▼ Deputy sheriffs' work is especially stressful. This stress takes a toll on the deputies and those people who surround them. There are a number of different sources linked to this stress, ranging from self-induced and organizational, to other causes out of the control of the officer or departments. Over time, this stress can cause the deputies to act out unreasonably, potentially causing destructive outcomes. The inability to cope effectively with stressful events can result in undesirable results including, but not limited to, chronic stress, burnout, and quitting the profession. The purpose of this research is to study how deputies view stress. This thesis used a survey design. Overall, deputies reported a number of sources of stress at a medium to high level. "Beyond the Sheriff’s Office control; such as funding / financial / political instability,” is the one rated highest in terms of a source of stress. Factors such as years of experience, education, missed work days, satisfaction level and stress level appear to affect how deputies view stress. Information learned from this thesis can be used by deputies and their departments to better manage the causes and effects of stress.
Advisors/Committee Members: Pierce, Charles.
Subjects: Behaviorial Sciences; Criminology
Keywords: stress at work
More Like This
6.
Bunkley, Latisha.
Youth Who Kill: A Case Study Approach.
Degree: MS, Department of Criminal Justice, 1999, Youngstown State University
► This study explored various demographic, socioeconomic, and psychological characteristics of juvenile killers.…
(more)
▼ This study explored various demographic, socioeconomic, and psychological characteristics of juvenile killers. It was assumed that, in addition to extrinsic and environmental influences, a lack of empathic skill is a major contributor to homicidal behavior by youth. A case study approach was used, focusing on the youth that committed homicides in Youngstown, Ohio. Other methods of research were also used to explore the hypothesis that empathic skill has a negative relationship with homicidal behavior. Results showed that the participants in the current study share various characteristics common to juvenile killers, including the absence of a father in the home, unfavorable home environments, and criminogenic friends and family members.
Advisors/Committee Members: Pierce, C. Allen.
Subjects: Sociology, Criminology and Penology
Keywords: empathic sskill; juvenile killers
More Like This
7.
Canale, Laura Ann.
Prosecuting Children as Adults: How do Juvenile Court Judges Decide Who Should Face that Fate?.
Degree: MS, Department of Criminal Justice, 2010, Youngstown State University
► The increase in juvenile arrests for violent crime over the past several…
(more)
▼ The increase in juvenile arrests for violent crime over the past several decades has resulted in stricter and harsher legislation regarding juvenile transfer. The legislation has taken much of the discretion away from juvenile court judges, especially with the lowering of the minimum age a juvenile can be transferred to adult criminal court and increasing the amount of crimes that result in automatic transfer. The legislation not only limits the power of judicial discretion, it gives very little to no guidance for juvenile court judges during the transfer process. The effect that the limited guidance has had on the judge's discretionary decision has led to inconsistency in which juveniles are transferred to adult criminal court and which juveniles remain in the juvenile justice system. This study focused on the level of consistency among factors used to determine whether or not to transfer a juvenile, and how certain factors may influence judicial transfer rates. Data were collected from 104 questionnaires completed by juvenile court judges in Ohio and Pennsylvania. The results indicated that there is a level of consistency in how juvenile court judges weigh juvenile transfer factors, but there is less consistency in the offenses judges believe should lead to the transfer process. The results also indicated there is consistency in the juvenile court judges' perception of their discretionary power and in the implications of their discretionary power. Future research studying the effect of geographic regions, residential areas, and judicial experience on the weight juvenile court judges place on factors would benefit this topic. A qualitative study on the responses given by the participants in this study would also benefit the topic.
Advisors/Committee Members: Hazy, John.
Subjects: Criminology
Keywords: criminal justice
More Like This
8.
Cox, Dawn A.
Factors for Success in Community-Based Corrections: A Regression Analysis.
Degree: MS, Department of Criminal Justice, 2009, Youngstown State University
► This thesis project examined the factors that contribute to the successful completion…
(more)
▼ This thesis project examined the factors that contribute to the successful completion of the residential program at Community Corrections Association. A regression analysis was used to determine which components of treatment were the greatest predictors of positive termination or the completion of the program. One hundred cases from the community-based correctional facility and 100 cases from the halfway houses were used to ascertain this information. The community-based correctional facility residents were felony offenders housed at the facility prior to incarceration in a prison. The halfway house residents were felony offenders housed at the facility following incarceration in a prison.The greatest statistically significant predictor for successful program completion found in both the community-based correctional facility and the halfway house groups was employment. Correlations between employment and other program variables were found. For the Community-Based Correctional Facility residents, their employment success was correlated with: graduating from high school; participating in community service; receiving employment assistance; and receiving alcohol abuse counseling. For the Halfway House residents, their employment success was correlated only with paying child support while in the program.
Advisors/Committee Members: King, Tammy.
Subjects: Criminology; Rehabilitation
Keywords: community corrections; halfway house; community-based correctional facility
More Like This
9.
Crowl, Justin Nicholas.
An Analysis of Music and Its Influence on Adult Lifestyle Choices and Behavioral Tendencies.
Degree: MS, Department of Criminal Justice, 2009, Youngstown State University
► This thesis uses a secondary analysis to examine music and its influence…
(more)
▼ This thesis uses a secondary analysis to examine music and its influence on the behavior and lifestyle choices of adults. Data were obtained from the 1993 General SocialSurvey, in which information was collected from a national representative sample of 1,500 respondents. The research question poses whether the enjoyment of listening to certain genres of music was related to different lifestyle choices and behaviors of adults. The variables in the hypotheses include demographic, behavioral, cultural, and criminal justice related variables. The findings indicate that a variety of relationships exist between music and various lifestyle choices and behaviors of the participants. From the findings, one can see how a relationship did not exist between musical preference and gender, while a relationship did exist between musical preference and age, musical preference and attitudes over various criminal justice issues, and musical preference and certain behaviors/activities. Strengths and limitations of the thesis as well as suggestions for future research are also presented and discussed to conclude this thesis.
Advisors/Committee Members: Hazy, John.
Subjects: Behaviorial sciences; Mass media; Music; Social research
Keywords: music; adult behavior; culture; criminal justice
More Like This
10.
DeGenova, Thomas.
Geriatric Criminality and its Implications for the Criminal Justice System.
Degree: MS, Department of Criminal Justice, 1999, Youngstown State University
► In today's society there are two distinct systems of justice, the adult…
(more)
▼ In today's society there are two distinct systems of justice, the adult system and the juvenile system. Each system has its own procedural process. These systems are not only different procedurally, but each has different policies, procedures, and sanctions that are imposed. Within the adult system, there is a group of people with different problems and needs that must be addressed from a different standpoint than the rest of the adult population. That group is the geriatric or elderly population. There is an age variable that should be factored into the justice process when adjudicating and sanctioning the elderly for criminal behavior. In analyzing adult criminal behavior, society tends to address behavior through standard criminological theoretical content analysis and administer justice accordingly. This justice can be, and is often, biased. The classification of inmates into four quadrant typology by age and length of sentence shows an appearance of age biases in relationships to resource allocation, behavior, and programming. This study proposes and supports the use of this four quadrant typology that would acknowledge an age variable when studying age specific problems within the criminal justice system that addresses the special needs of the elderly.
Advisors/Committee Members: Conser, James A.
Subjects: Sociology, Criminology and Penology
Keywords: geriatric criminality
More Like This
11.
Ervin, Jeffrey K.
Comparative Analysis of Post Release Control and the Parole Release in Ohio: Which is Reflective of the Purpose in Sentencing?.
Degree: MS, Department of Criminal Justice, 1999, Youngstown State University
► This thesis examines the difference between two post-incarcerative practices in Ohio. The…
(more)
▼ This thesis examines the difference between two post-incarcerative practices in Ohio. The comparisons sought to establish the practice that offered the greatest punitive value while protecting Ohio's citizens from crime. Eighty parole cases were compared to 80 Post Release Control offenders. Variables ranged from descriptive data to programming information that the offenders participated in while confined and under supervision in a community setting. Statistically significant correlations were found to exist in the following areas: The number of charges at arrest; the seriousness of offense at arrest; the manner by which the sentence was imposed; the most serious offense at conviction; substance abuse programming in the community; mental health services in the community; which practice succeeded on intensive supervision; and, the absconder rate.
Advisors/Committee Members: King, Tammy A.
Subjects: Sociology, Criminology and Penology
Keywords: Post Release Control
More Like This
12.
Gray, Jennifer Varley.
Middle School Violence: A comparative study.
Degree: MS, Department of Criminal Justice, 1998, Youngstown State University
► An analysis of middle school violence was conducted within Mahoning County. Data…
(more)
▼ An analysis of middle school violence was conducted within Mahoning County. Data was collected from 157 sixth grade students from one inner city middle school and one suburban middle school. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire that focused on eight major areas. The questionnaire asked students if they had knowledge of violent incidents at school, if they had witnessed these incidents, if they worry about these acts happening to themselves, if they had been victimized, if they had committed any of the listed acts, where these acts took place, how they got to school, and what the students did to protect themselves. The violent acts that were listed and defined on the questionnaire were robbery, rape, sexual assault, attacks without weapons, attacks with weapons, bullying, carrying a weapon other than a gun, and carrying a gun. Resulting data was analyzed then tested for statistical differences based on the type of school attended and gender. An extensive literature review is also offered. It reviews youth violence causation, victims, violence within the schools, and hurdles to overcoming the problem. Current national research is cited. Overall, it appears that Mahoning County middle schools do experience violence yet for the most part this violence comes in the somewhat traditional forms of bullying and fighting. While other incidents have occurred, the numbers are low. Results also show that violence is experienced differently between the two sets of students when compared by school type and gender. As a result of these finding, a recommendation was made for further research and prevention planning from within the schools.
Advisors/Committee Members: King, Tammy A.
Subjects: Sociology, Criminology and Penology
Keywords: violence; middle schools; violence in schools; Mahoning County
More Like This
13.
Incavido, Danielle.
Analysis of variables influencing probation outcome.
Degree: MS, Department of Criminal Justice, 1998, Youngstown State University
► An analysis of variables that affect probation outcome was undertaken to assess…
(more)
▼ An analysis of variables that affect probation outcome was undertaken to assess the differences between successful and unsuccessful probationers. Data was collected at an adult probation department in Pennsylvania that yielded a sample of 199 probationers whose cases were terminated prior to June of 1996. An extensive literature review revealed several studies that focused on probation outcome measured by success or failure. The literature review also examined the criticisms regarding the use of recidivism as an outcome measure. Probation outcome was measured based on established criteria for definitions of success and failure. Data analysis consisted of chi-square significance testing for all independent variables against the dependent measure probation outcome (success or failure). Eight of twenty variables differentiated success from failure in assessing probation outcome. The findings enabled successful and unsuccessful probationers to be characterized by factors that can be used by correctional professionals in determining selection, treatment, and supervision levels of probationers. Limitations of the study (methodological shortcomings, researcher bias), implications for correctional professionals (prediction, risk factors), and recommendations for future research (better collection methods, focus on female probationers) were discussed. Overall, the emphasis is on the difference between successful and unsuccessful probationers. Probationers with a history of juvenile offenses and disadvantaged circumstances (lower education level, unemployment, no support system) were more likely to fail on probation. On the other hand, probationers who have invested in conventional norms (marriage, employment, education) are more apt to succeed on probation.
Advisors/Committee Members: King, Tammy A.
Subjects: Sociology, Criminology and Penology
Keywords: probation; Pennsylvania; Criminal justice
More Like This
14.
Jenkins, Stephanie A.
Domestic Violence: Men as Victims.
Degree: MS, Department of Criminal Justice, 1998, Youngstown State University
► Domestic violence is a horrendous crime that has affected approximately every household…
(more)
▼ Domestic violence is a horrendous crime that has affected approximately every household at some time in some form. This controversy has dominated the media's attention in the political arenas, and even in the professional world in which many people live and work. The United States has been mandated by new domestic laws that are being enacted to find appropriate actions to combat domestic violence. They are being compelled to formulate solutions to these problems and the complicated issues of domestic violence within its ranks. Many voices have been heard from various avenues of expertise and professions. The harsh reality has caught the attentions of the majority of victims that are females, with males once again being the perpetrators of such actions. After conducting and compiling an extensive literature review on this topic, the subject of male victims has yielded interesting enlightenments. These enlightenments have created the need for further investigation into male victims, with females as the perpetrators. These issues have also been supported by various voices with different stances for why this form of domestic violence has occurred within the United States. Time and consideration must also be expended on the idea of male battering, as it has been subsequently dedicated to its converse in order to understand its multifaceted components. Questionaires were sent to mental health providers in the state of Ohio, who are concerned with various family issues. They were asked to provide pertinent information on the magnitude of this crime and to provide demographic information about each of the male victims and the female offenders of domestic violence that they have encountered in their family practices. Police chiefs and other police personnel, also in the state of Ohio, were surveyed who have had experience with male victims and female perpetrators of domestic violence. They were asked for the same kinds of information as the mental health experts. Questions were also asked about field specific areas. In addition to this information, police chiefs and other police personnel were asked to explain how their officers responded to the crime of domestic violence within today's society. This study's findings have concluded some of the same findings that were identified in the literature review. Alcohol and drug abuse is directly linked to male battering, just as they are positively tied to the other forms of domestic violence. Age also plays an integral part in this linkage as well, although there are different age groups affected, young adult (20s) were more frequently involved in domestic violence. Educational attainment, employment status, and social-economic class also seems to have great effects on male battering cases. The lower the employment status, the social-economic class, and educational levels there seems to be a higher concentration of male victims and female batterers.
Advisors/Committee Members: King, Tammy A.
Keywords: domestic violence; male battering
More Like This
15.
Kolacz, Kimberly S.
Analysis of Elder Abuse and Ohio's Adult Protective Law in Trumbull County.
Degree: MS, Department of Criminal Justice, 1999, Youngstown State University
► The statistics of elder abuse in Trumbull County, Ohio were collected under…
(more)
▼ The statistics of elder abuse in Trumbull County, Ohio were collected under Adult Protective Law. Data were gathered from the 1998 Adult Protective Services yearly summary of cases reported in Trumbull County. The instrument of data collection was the combination of the four quarterly reports done by the three Adult Protective Service workers for the years 1993 to 1998. The quarterly reports list number of reports received, investigations conducted, evaluations made, court petitions filed, total caseload, age of subject, subjects' living arrangements, type of abuse experienced, perpetrators' age and relationship to victim. Resulting data was summarized, then categorized by type of abuse and by whom. Also, statewide statistics were collected, along with population growths and projections. These findings were compared to statewide statistics, future trends, and case studies. Information pertaining to APS law, definitions of abuse, philosophy, intents, and the impetus of the APS law, operational decisions by the APS worker, literature review on elder abuse, signs and triggers of abuse, breakdowns of state statistics, case studies, future predictions, and future trends are presented. Definitions, law, victims, case studies, trends, studies, and statistics, and calculated facts are discussed.
Advisors/Committee Members: King, Tammy A.
Subjects: Sociology, General
Keywords: elder abuse
More Like This
16.
MacDonald, Elizabeth A.
Child Maltreatment: Is There a Correlation Between Child Maltreatment and Delinquency?.
Degree: MS, Department of Criminal Justice, 2010, Youngstown State University
► Children may experience many different types of maltreatment, such as physical abuse,…
(more)
▼ Children may experience many different types of maltreatment, such as physical abuse, emotional abuse, neglect, sexual abuse, and in some excessive cases, death. It is estimated that over three million children a year will fall victim to childhood maltreatment. These children are more commonly victimized at the hands of their parents or caretakers then by strangers or family friends. Medical researchers such as DeBellis, et. al., (2002), Teicher (2000, 2002), Widom (1999) and their associates demonstrate that the brain is permanently altered when children are exposed to childhood maltreatment. According to Bandura (1959, 1962, 1975, 1976, 1977), Skinner (1953, 1977), and Akers (1966, 1973, 1985, 1989, 1994, 1998), children learn social behavior by observing and imitating models. Again, altering behavior in a negative fashion. Research indicates that children who experience childhood maltreatment in their lifetime are approximately 59% more likely to become involved in delinquent or criminal behavior (Tuell, 2002, p. 2). It has also been shown that abused children also recidivate at a rate of 1.5 times more than children who are not subjected to maltreatment (Thornberry, 1994). Further, in the year 2007, child maltreatment cost U.S. citizens $103.8 billion. This research project examined the correlation between childhood maltreatment and adult criminality / juvenile delinquency through a survey design research project. The survey instrument was given to 500 college age adults and 500 adults currently incarcerated in the Mahoning County Jail in Ohio. The researcher analyzed statistics looking for correlations between the opinions that these two groups, specifically focusing on their beliefs how childhood maltreatment impacts criminality. Results from the study revealed that although the students and inmates had similar beliefs when asked if they believed child abuse created a child to be more apt to become delinquent and the appropriate ages for said topics there was a difference between actual life experiences from students to inmates. The inmates at Mahoning County jail were more likely to report that they had experienced some form of childhood maltreatment than the students at Youngstown State.
Advisors/Committee Members: King, Tammy.
Subjects: Criminology
Keywords: criminal justice
More Like This
17.
Mangan, Jessica L.
Common Characteristics Found in Successful Juvenile Correctional Officers In Ohio.
Degree: MS, Department of Criminal Justice, 2010, Youngstown State University
► Juvenile correctional officers (JCOs) are entrusted with the stressful and often thankless…
(more)
▼ Juvenile correctional officers (JCOs) are entrusted with the stressful and often thankless job of providing care to our nation’s troubled youth. They must embrace the ideals of youth service while practicing the role of a correctional officer. These two standards are often conflicting. However, their interactions with youth are important because these adolescents will one day become active members of society. JCOs can help determine if they are thriving participants or burdens to the public. Thus, it is important that the individuals given this important responsibility are not only capable but also successful. As they become weary and burnt out, they start to have a negative instead of positive impact on the youth under their care which only contributes to the failure of our already struggling juvenile justice system. The question of this research project is whether a list of characteristics found among successful juvenile correctional officers in Ohio can be ascertained. There are three primary questions of this research. The first asks if a list of characteristics of a successful juvenile correctional officer can be ascertained. The second question asked by this research is whether experience or education is valued in juvenile correctional officers. The final question asked by this research is whether the age, sex, or years of experience affect the opinions of juvenile detention center supervisors in regards to what qualities they value in their juvenile correctional officers. In order to answer these questions, surveys were sent to each of the 40 juvenile detention center supervisors in Ohio. A total of 27 surveys were received for a response rate of 65.7%. Responses indicated that professionalism, teamwork, and attendance/promptness are considered to be the most important factors of successful juvenile correctional officers. Additionally, experience is valued higher over education. Based on the characteristics of the respondents, only a few patterns could be ascertained among their answers. While all supervisors rated professionalism highly, those in their 30s were more likely to rate it as the most important characteristic among juvenile correctional officers. Men were also more likely to rate professionalism as the most important characteristic. Another difference was found in regards to how men and women rate empathy. Male respondents were more likely than female respondents to rate empathy higher as an important characteristic. This study was not a task analysis of juvenile correctional officers in Ohio and is not meant to document hiring criteria per se. The findings, however, do suggest issues and personal characteristics that could be part of background investigations and/or training programs.
Advisors/Committee Members: King, Tammy.
Subjects: Criminology; Rehabilitation
Keywords: characteristics of a successful juvenile correctional officer; juvenile detention staff; qualities of a good juvenile correctional officer; juvenile detention center staff and their traits
More Like This
18.
Melvin, Kelly Marie.
Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Juvenile Delinquency: Will Treating the Effects of AD/HD Reduce Recidivism?.
Degree: MS, Department of Criminal Justice, 2009, Youngstown State University
► Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD) is a disease characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and…
(more)
▼ Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD) is a disease characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Research shows that these symptoms maylead a child to engage in delinquent behavior. This research project utilized secondary data to evaluate the effectiveness of a program that is currently diagnosing and treating juvenile delinquents for AD/HD, with the goal of reducing recidivism. During the evaluation process, the demographic characteristics, delinquent record, and school performance of each juvenile was reviewed and analyzed. Juveniles who successfully completed the program and juveniles who did not were compared. Data were also utilized to determine the type of juveniles in the program. The offenses that were committed by the juveniles in the program, and whether or not school performance improved after treatment of AD/HD symptoms were investigated. The research hypothesis was supported – the juveniles who successfully completed the program had significantly fewer arrests than the juveniles who did not complete the program. Most juveniles were referred to the program through the Court, and were not arrested immediately prior to joining the program. Juveniles who were arrested were most likely to be arrested and charged with domestic violence or for being unruly. In the future, the time length of the program could be expanded, more assessment of the juvenile could take place, and the effects of specific medications on the symptoms of AD/HD could be investigated.
Advisors/Committee Members: King, Tammy.
Subjects: Criminology
Keywords: juvenile delinquency; AD/HD; attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder; recidivism
More Like This
19.
Miller, Heidi.
Prevention for At-Risk Youth Target Program: A Longitudinal Evaluation Study.
Degree: MS, Department of Criminal Justice, 1998, Youngstown State University
► Prevention programs are becoming the trend in today's society. The After School…
(more)
▼ Prevention programs are becoming the trend in today's society. The After School Program examined in this paper is no exception. A longitudinal evaluation study was conducted comparing the findings from the first year to findings from the second year. The participants were analyzed through their behavior, family life and academic achievements. Fifty males and females ranging from the fourth grade through the seventh grade participated. A literature review was conducted to find out if there were similar programs to the After School Program being evaluated. Three different programs were reviewed and found to have similar objectives to the program being researched. The programs researched for the literature review addressed many of the same variables that were looked at with the After School Program: Parenting factors, social skills, value commitments, and academic factors. All of these factors are believed to play a major part in delinquent behavior. Chi-square tests were run on the variables to find out if they were statistically significant. Questionaires were sent to the teachers seeking information on the program participants. It was difficult to determine if there was an overall improvement in academic performance. There were improvements seen in school behavior.
Advisors/Committee Members: King, Tammy A.
Keywords: After School Program; delinquent behavior
More Like This
20.
Page, Phillip.
The Monster I Have Become. An Analysis of Media Representations of Torture Allegations Against U.S. Soldiers in Iraq from April 2004 to October 2005.
Degree: MS, Department of Criminal Justice, 2009, Youngstown State University
► Purpose – Two questions: Did the men and women of the United States…
(more)
▼ Purpose – Two questions: Did the men and women of the United States military torture detainees? In what ways did the New York Times portray the torture scandals in Iraq from April 2004 to October 2005?Design/methodology/approach – The first question is answered through the combination legal definition and general research of what the sentences were for the soldiers who were involved in the Abu Ghraib torture scandal. The second question is answered by conducting a content analysis of articles from The New York Times between April 1, 2004 and October 31, 2005. Findings – No, the men and women of the United States military did not torture detainees as the applicable law defines torture. This was found because of the eleven soldiers convicted in the Abu Ghraib scandal, none of them received the charge and conviction of torture. The answer to the second question is that out of 19 randomly sampled articles, only 3 articles did not contain graphically explicit content. Research limitations/implications – The main limitation of this study is that of the 57 articles found between April 1, 2004 and October 31, 2005, only 19 were read and analyzed for content. Due to time limitations I chose to sample 33% of the 57 articles in hopes that that would be sufficient for a thesis project. For a further explanation of why I chose 33% see Chapter 3 Methodology and Analysis. Practical implications – This thesis challenges the media to be more responsible in their recordings of the truth. It is the media‘s responsibility to report what is going on and they are entrusted to only report the truth. Originality/value – Very few articles have dared to challenge the media‘s almost unimpeded freedom of speech in the context of wartime coverage.
Advisors/Committee Members: Wagner, Patricia.
Subjects: Armed forces; International law; Journalism; Mass media
Keywords: Abu Ghraib torture scandal; media's influence on public's perception; irresponsible journalism; content analysis of New York Times articles
More Like This
21.
Rafeedie, Sonia Issa.
Hate Crime: The Unidentified Evil.
Degree: MS, Department of Criminal Justice, 1999, Youngstown State University
► A literature review on recent hate crime issues was conducted. This review…
(more)
▼ A literature review on recent hate crime issues was conducted. This review included the legal definition of a hate crime, judicial cases, national and local responses to the issues, and approaches to prevent such incidents. An analysis of hate crime knowledge was conducted among a sample group of students at Youngstown State University (YSU). A questionnaire was distributed to 1,000 students enrolled in introductory level classes at YSU.
Advisors/Committee Members: King, Tammy A.
Subjects: Sociology, Criminology and Penology
Keywords: hate crime
More Like This
22.
Robinson, Alphonso.
Privitization and the Prison System: Stepping Back to the Future.
Degree: MS, Department of Criminal Justice, 1999, Youngstown State University
► The purpose of this research was to examine the differences between government…
(more)
▼ The purpose of this research was to examine the differences between government operated correctional facilities and privately operated correctional facilities, as seen through the eyes of the inmates.
Advisors/Committee Members: King, Tammy A.
Subjects: Sociology, Criminology and Penology
Keywords: correctional facilities
More Like This
23.
Ross, Ashley R.
You Can Choose Your Friends, But You Cannot Choose Your Family: How Peer and Family Factors Impact Delinquency.
Degree: MS, Department of Criminal Justice, 2010, Youngstown State University
► The focus of this thesis is on the relationship of deviant peer…
(more)
▼ The focus of this thesis is on the relationship of deviant peer association, parental structure, parental support, and parental maltreatment with delinquency. According to Edward Sutherland, criminal behavior is a learned behavior. His theory explains how associations can lead to criminal activity. In the same ways we learn through socialization the norms of society, we also learn criminal behavior. Data for this thesis were from a secondary analysis of information collected via a survey of students (N=39) at a small college in northeast Ohio. The value of this thesis is in examining the role of both family and peer factors in the potential influence they have on delinquency. Four of the six hypotheses proposed were supported by the data. Overall, the more delinquent the peers of the respondent the more delinquent the respondents are. Respondents with supportive parents reported less delinquency than those respondents with less supportive parents. Unexpectedly, family structure did not impact delinquency in a statistically significant manner. Future work may benefit on looking at other family and school dimensions in order to understand more completely and influence programs that address delinquency.
Advisors/Committee Members: Hazy, John.
Subjects: Criminology
Keywords: delinquency; parental influence; peer influence
More Like This
24.
Simeone, Gaetano F.
The Development of Law Enforcement Investigative Guidelines for Unexplained Infant Deaths.
Degree: MS, Department of Criminal Justice, 2010, Youngstown State University
► Without information from a complete death scene investigation involving sudden unexplained infant…
(more)
▼ Without information from a complete death scene investigation involving sudden unexplained infant deaths, it is difficult to determine cause of death. Several studies provide evidence to support the hypothesis that SIDS and other SUID are more accurately diagnosed when information from a death scene investigation is used to make the diagnosis (Bass and Hass). Standardized protocols exist for coroners and child abuse experts; few if any are required for law enforcement death scene investigators. An analysis of twenty two infant deaths under one year of age was conducted within Trumbull County. An additional five cases from the text “The Death of Innocents” were reviewed. The data collection instrument was a data sheet that contained twenty three SUID/SIDS related factors, such as, demographics of victim and caretaker, manner and cause of death, infant health, and death scene related factors. Resulting data was analyzed than tested for statistical correlation based on the use of a protocol in relation to the ruling of SIDS or none SIDS. An extensive literature review is offered. It reviews all of the factors used in the data collection instrument. Past and current national and international research and theory on SUID and SIDS is cited. Overall it appears that in the absence of a protocol being used the ruling was more likely SIDS or asphyxia than other rulings of cause of death. Other factors that were correlated with cause of death are age of infant at time of death, prenatal development, and health of infant prior to death.
Advisors/Committee Members: Conser, James A.
Subjects: Criminology
Keywords: SIDS; SUID
More Like This
25.
Smith, Mathew T.
What Role Do Parents Play in the Media Habits and Possible Problematic Behavior of Their Children.
Degree: MS, Department of Criminal Justice, 2008, Youngstown State University
► The intention of this thesis is to investigate the possible connection between…
(more)
▼ The intention of this thesis is to investigate the possible connection between violent media and problematic behavior in juveniles. The connection was tested using three hypotheses. The first hypothesis stated a link between violent films and problematic behavior. The second hypothesis involves the influence of parents on media consumption. The third hypothesis focused on the possible connection between Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA) usage by parents and consumption of violent media by children. A survey completed by 39 respondents with children revealed no apparent link between violent media and problematic behavior, a relationship between parents’ media influence and children’s media consumption, and a decrease in violent media viewership by parents who use MPAA ratings. Future research may benefit from gathering information directly from children about their media consumption.
Advisors/Committee Members: Hazy, John.
Subjects: American studies; Criminology
Keywords: violence; media; sexuality; behavior
More Like This
26.
Steh, Stephen R.
Unauthorized Access Crimes.
Degree: MS, Department of Criminal Justice, 2009, Youngstown State University
► This paper examines the concept of unauthorized access crimes statutes in the…
(more)
▼ This paper examines the concept of unauthorized access crimes statutes in the fifty states and the federal system in order to determine the concept of what exactly the crime of unauthorized access constitutes. This paper will also determine whether these same crimes could be prosecuted under preexisting statutes that were already in effect in the United States criminal codes prior to the invention of the computer. Through a review of previous literature on the subject of computer crime laws, and more specifically unauthorized access laws, additional insight as to the purpose and intent of these laws will also be drawn. Case law on unauthorized access and any related criminal activity will also be examined. This information will help to determine whether the intentions of the legislatures have been to criminalize what is commonly referred to as hacking.
Advisors/Committee Members: Wagner, Patricia.
Subjects: Computer science; Criminology; Law; Technology
Keywords: computer crime; hacking; unauthorized access; legislation and case law
More Like This
27.
Stein, Stacey M.
An Evaluator's Perspective on Youngstown's Northside Weed and Seed Strategy, Year One.
Degree: MS, Department of Criminal Justice, 2008, Youngstown State University
► The paper is an evaluation of the Youngstown Northside Weed and Seed…
(more)
▼ The paper is an evaluation of the Youngstown Northside Weed and Seed Strategy in its first year. The purpose of the study is to determine if crime has decreased within the target area during the strategy's first year, determine how many crime prevention/community programs are in action and investigate collaboration among Steering Committee members. The methodology consists of content analysis, secondary analysis and a focus group. The analysis compares the number of crimes for 2005, 2006, and 2007. The future of the Weed and Seed strategy depends on the dedication and commitment of Steering Committee members; it is imperative for members to attend the monthly meetings. Starting crime prevention and community programs within the target area is essential; this provides the targeted community with activities and/ or other vital services. The Northside Weed and Seed strategy is providing support and collaborating efforts among targeted area residents, community organizations, local government, and other various groups and businesses during its first year.
Advisors/Committee Members: Hazy, John.
Subjects: Criminology
Keywords: Crime prevention
More Like This
28.
Swogger, Roxanne Michelle.
Institutional Batterer's Intervention Program Within the Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Correction.
Degree: MS, Department of Criminal Justice, 2008, Youngstown State University
► The study evaluated the effectiveness of the batterer's intervention program within the…
(more)
▼ The study evaluated the effectiveness of the batterer's intervention program within the Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Correction, Personal Responsibility of Violence Elimination (P.R.O.V.E.). Through the completion of P.R.O.V.E., inmates should be able to identify their own abusive behavior, identify their thought patterns that lead to abusive behavior, identify alternatives to abusive behavior and identify types of abuse. To determine if the program meets these objectives, inmates participating in the P.R.O.V.E. program were administered a 20 item pre- and post- test. The institutions were Grafton Correctional Institution, Marion Correctional Institution, Richland Correctional Institution and North Coast Correctional Treatment Facility. Findings indicated that program participants were able to identify their own abusive behavior, identify alternatives to abusive behavior and identify types of abuse. Findings of this study did not support hypothesis 2, concluding that program participants were not able to identify their thought patterns that lead to abusive behavior.
Advisors/Committee Members: King, Tammy.
Subjects: Behaviorial sciences; Criminology; Rehabilitation; Social research
Keywords: Batterer's Intervention, Reentry Program, Ohio institution
More Like This
29.
Varro, Melanie A.
A Needs Analysis for Forensic Case Management for Psychiatrically Diagnosed Inmates Upon Leaving Jail.
Degree: MS, Department of Criminal Justice, 2000, Youngstown State University
► An analysis of variables that affect the recidivism rates among mentally ill…
(more)
▼ An analysis of variables that affect the recidivism rates among mentally ill offenders was undertaken to assess the need for forensic case managers among this population. Data was collected at an adult jail in Pennsylvania that yielded a sample of 181 inmates who were assessed to be suffering from a mental illness or a dual-diagnosis.
Advisors/Committee Members: Pierce, C. Allen.
Subjects: Sociology, Criminology and Penology
Keywords: mental illness; correctional agencies
More Like This
30.
Villone, Edward J.
Officers Armed With Degrees: Does Education Shield Law Enforcement Officers From Complaints?.
Degree: MS, Department of Criminal Justice, 2010, Youngstown State University
► This research explores how higher education among law enforcement officers may influence…
(more)
▼ This research explores how higher education among law enforcement officers may influence liability. Research in the area of police officer educational level and liability is sparse, with most comparing education with performance or other levels of measure. More specifically this thesis investigates complaints among police officers by level of education. In particular, the focus is on law enforcement officers with baccalaureate and more advanced degrees and their liability rates when compared to those with high school diplomas or GEDs. This study will examine criminal, civil, and administrative complaints that were filed against degreed and non-degreed law enforcement officers from a police department in Mahoning County, Ohio. These proceedings will then be analyzed to determine whether the degreed officers have a reduced risk of criminal, civil, and administrative liability. The central hypothesis is that degreed officers will have a lower rate of complaints sustained (in other words found guilty) when officially complained of wrongdoing in 1) criminal, 2) civil, and 3) administrative proceedings. The primary variables will be complaint type, education level, and complaint outcome. The importance of this research will assist law enforcement administrators address departmental liability risks and provide potential options to reducing liability.
Advisors/Committee Members: Wagner, Patricia.
Subjects: Adult education; Community colleges; Continuing education; Criminology; Education; Higher education; Inservice training; Management
Keywords: Law enforcement; Police officers; Higher education; Criminal liability; Civil liability; Administrative liability; Degreed officers; Police officer education; Police officer liability
More Like This
[1] [2]
