Department: Social Work ![[clear]](close-x.png "Remove this limiter")
137 matches in the database.
These are records: 1 - 30.
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1.
Abdel Meguid, Mona Bakry.
Measuring Arab immigrant women's definition of marital violence: creating and validating an instrument for use in social work practice.
Degree: PhD, Social Work, 2006, Ohio State University
► Despite growing evidence that immigrant women are at risk of becoming victims…
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▼ Despite growing evidence that immigrant women are at risk of becoming victims of domestic violence, there has been little effort until recently to address intimate partner violence in the increasing immigrant populations in the United States. Evidence in the literature indicates that the severity as well as prevalence of intimate partner violence may be higher among immigrant groups. Suffering coupled with partner violence is additionally associated with problems related to immigration and acculturation. Yet, previous studies on intimate partner violence have rarely regarded the immigration status of the victim or the specific cultural and religious background of the immigrants. The purpose of this study was to design a valid and reliable instrument, Likert-type scale that measures Arab-Muslim women’s perception of marital violence. The scale was intended to investigate how Arab-Muslim women define intimate partner violence, help-seeking sources women might ask for help in case of intimate partner violence occurring, and barriers they might perceive in seeking outside help. The study examined 224 Arab-Muslim women’s definition of marital violence, help-seeking sources preferences they might consult in case of marital violence, and barriers they might perceive in seeking outside help. The results indicated the length of stay Arab-Muslim women been in the United States and the amount of education they have received influence their perception of marital violence and their help-seeking preferences.
Advisors/Committee Members: Bronson, Denise E.
Subjects: Social Work
Keywords: Scale development; Marital violence; Physical abuse; Emotional abuse; Arab immigrant women; Arab-Muslim women; Help-seeking resources; Help-seeking barriers
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2.
Abu-Sa'da, Eman Y.
Conceptualizations, definitions, practices, and activities of people’s participation in social development projects from the viewpoint of funding Northern NGOs and their local Palestinian partners.
Degree: PhD, Social Work, 2003, Ohio State University
► This study examined the participatory development practice of international Northern NGOs in…
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▼ This study examined the participatory development practice of international Northern NGOs in the context of the area governed by the Palestinian Authority. It was conducted in two phases. The first contained a two-round Delphi study to solicit the definitions and conceptualizations of people’s participation in social development projects maintained by policy makers and administrators of NGOs in Northern donor countries assisting the Palestinian people in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. Thirteen major donor organizations answered a first round open-ended questionnaire, providing data on their conceptualizations and definitions; a question summary from round one was sent to those organizations to establish preliminary priorities of items. Five organizations responded to this second round. Data were collected over a six-month period during 2002 and 2003. A series of structured items based on these Delphi rounds, a Likert-type rating scale, were developed and used in the second phase examining the definitions, attitudes and practices of 109 social workers and supervisors of local Palestinian social development projects in the West Bank. The questionnaire aimed at describing and exploring how actual NGO activities and practices exhibit participatory qualities. Survey data were collected in the summer of 2003. Factor analysis explored the definitions of various underlying participation constructs, practices and attitudes, and tested whether items reflecting the different definitions (dimensions) unite as a concept. This study’s results showed that donor organizations use ambitious definitions, while social workers were neutral toward participation, reporting lack of training in the topic and that participatory activities are rarely used, or take place most likely only during identification of needs. While donor organizations focused on empowering beneficiaries and target groups through participation, social workers emphasized beneficiaries’ contribution to projects as the most important participation form. The results showed that despite donor organizations’ advocacy for participation, a gap exists between how they perceive participation and the social workers’ actual practice, since practical implications of the concept in projects they fund or support are not clarified; moreover, donors lack clear criteria to evaluate participatory activities in the projects they fund or run in Palestine.
Advisors/Committee Members: Julia, Maria.
Keywords: People's Participation; Participatory Development; Northern Non Governmental Organizations (NGOs); Palestinian NGOs; Social Development Organizations
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3.
Alawam, Sultan Ali.
In the Shadow of War on Terrorism: The influence of Terrorist-Labeling on Arab Muslims' Identity.
Degree: PhD, Social Work, 2011, Ohio State University
► The purpose of this study was to explore the identity changes experienced…
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▼ The purpose of this study was to explore the identity changes experienced by Arab Muslims residing in Columbus, Ohio, during the Spring of 2011 based on the Arab Muslims’ experiences with terrorism-labeling and Arab Muslims’ perceptions of terrorism-labeling factors. This study also intended to discover the predictive relationship between the characteristics of participants and changes in their identity. The study was guided by Labeling and Social Identity theories. These theories were also utilized in developing a tenable theoretical Terrorism-Labeling Influence model (TLI) that explained the complex of impact terrorism-labeling on well-being. Two hundred twenty three Arab Muslims were recruited through the largest three Islamic organizations in Columbus, Ohio. Non-probability data collection method (convenience sampling) was utilized. The participants responded to a questionnaire developed by the researcher. The instruments of this study included the Arab Muslims’ Experiences with Terrorism-Labeling, Arab Muslims’ Perceptions of Terrorism-Labeling, Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure, Brief Arab Religious Coping Scale, and a demographic questionnaire. Descriptive and correlation statistics were used to explore the associations between demographic variables and changes in Arab Muslims' ethnic and religious identities. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to answer the research questions. The findings of this study did not support the research hypotheses indicating that there was no correlation between the independent variables, Arab Muslims’ experiences with terrorism-labeling (AMETL) and Arab Muslims’ perceptions of terrorism-labeling (AMPTL) and Arab Muslims ethnic and religious identities. Limitations, implications, and directions for future research are discussed.
Advisors/Committee Members: Bronson, Denise.
Subjects: Academic Guidance Counseling; Adult Education; Behavioral Psychology; Counseling Education; Counseling Psychology; Educational Psychology; Ethnic Studies; Individual and Family Studies; International Relations; Islamic Studies; Multicultural Education; Multimedia Co
Keywords: Arab Muslims; Arab Muslims' Experiences with Terrorism-Labeling; Arab Muslims' Perceptions of Terrorism-Labeling; Ethnic Identity; Religious Identity; Terrorist-Labeling.
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5.
Al-Garni, Mohammed M.
The impact of family structure and family function factors on the deviant behaviors of high school students in Makkah City, Saudi Arabia.
Degree: PhD, Social Work, 2000, Ohio State University
► The main purpose of this study is to explore and describe the…
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▼ The main purpose of this study is to explore and describe the family structure and family function factors that increase the likelihood of deviant behaviors of high school students in Makkah City, Saudi Arabia. The family factors included family size, birth order, parenting, parent's work, parent's education, parent's marital status, family type, sponsorship, and parent - child attachment. The deviant behaviors, school truancy, and academic performance were the dependent variables.A survey instrument was administered to 346 high school students representing eight public high schools in Makkah City, Saudi Arabia. The administration of instrument was based on the returned informed consents that were sent to parents / guardians. Out of 346 high school students, 178 high school students were selected in the deviant group based on the school social workers / school counselors' reports. The rest of the sample (168 high school students) were randomly sampled from the same eight high schools; these students were not reported by the school social workers/school counselors as being deviant.The data obtained was analyzed using descriptive statistics, as well as three levels of correlational analysis - bivariate correlations, multiple regression analysis, and discriminant analysis.The descriptive and inferential statistical findings show that family size, parent-child attachment, sponsorship, and parent's level of education are the most prominent predictors of deviant behaviors, school truancy, and academic performance of high school students. Family factors of birth order, parenting, family type, and parent's marital status were not significant predictors of deviant behaviors.Under the more restricted cultural atmosphere surrounding social life in the community where this study was conducted, the findings of the current study provide valuable information to help policy decision - makers, practitioners, and researchers understand the impact of cultural differences in implementing theories and counseling programs for deviance in other cultures.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kilty, Keith M.
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6.
Al-ma'seb, Hend.
Acculturation factors among Arab/Moslem women who live in the western culture.
Degree: PhD, Social Work, 2006, Ohio State University
► The purpose of this study was to explore the cultural changes experienced…
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▼ The purpose of this study was to explore the cultural changes experienced by Arab/Moslem women residing in Columbus, Ohio, during the Winter of 2006 based on the six indicators of religion, relationships with non-relative men, living alone, control over decisions, drinking alcohol, and smoking cigarettes. This study also intended to discover the predictive relationship between the period of time that Arab/Moslem women stay in the USA, contact with American culture and people, contact with Arab culture and people, educational level, and acculturation. One hundred and two Arab/Moslem women were recruited through the Islamic organization in Columbus, Ohio. Non-probability data collection method (convenience sampling) was utilized. The participants responded to a questionnaire developed by the researcher. Descriptive statistics were used to answer the first research question (To what extent do Arab/Moslem women who live in Columbus, Ohio acculturate). Multiple regression analysis was conducted to answer the second research question (Can a model consisting of a linear combination of the period of time that Arab/Moslem women stay in the USA, contact with American culture and people, contact with Arab culture and people, and educational level predict the level of acculturation of the Arab/Moslem women living in Columbus, Ohio?). The results of the descriptive analysis showed that the Arab/Moslem women who live in Columbus, Ohio were not acculturated to the American culture. The results revealed a statistically significant relationship between the dependent variable of acculturation and three of the independent variables (the period of time that Arab/Moslem women stay in the USA, contact with American culture and people, contact with Arab culture and people). However, the relationship between the dependent variable of acculturation and the independent variable of educational level was not statistically significant.
Advisors/Committee Members: Julia, Maria.
Subjects: Social Work
Keywords: Acculturation/Arab/Moslem women
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7.
Aloud, Nasser.
Factors affecting attitudes toward seeking and using rormal mental health and psychological services among Arab-Muslims population.
Degree: PhD, Social Work, 2004, Ohio State University
► Despite the increase knowledge and understanding of help-seeking attitudes toward seeking formal…
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▼ Despite the increase knowledge and understanding of help-seeking attitudes toward seeking formal mental health services of various minority groups in the U.S., the experience of the Arab-Muslim population has been largely understudied. The dominant Arab-Islamic research suggested individuals’ attitudes toward formal mental health services are rather negative, and that the majority of Arabs and Muslims people tend to have less knowledge about and familiarity with mental health care system. The purpose of this study was to investigate the attitudes toward seeking and using formal mental health and psychological services among Arab-Muslim population residing in Columbus, Ohio. Four independents variables were selected and tested based on a developed model - Help Seeking Pathways for Arab-Muslim (HSPAM). Three hundreds and sixty survey questionnaires were mailed and distributed to Arab-Muslims residing in Columbus, Ohio via five Arab-Islamic Organizations of which 285 returned and used in Multiple Regression analysis. The results indicated that Arab-Muslim favorable or unfavorable attitudes toward seeking formal mental health services is most likely to be affected by cultural and traditional beliefs about mental health problem, knowledge and familiarity with formal services, perceived societal stigma, and the use of informal-indigenous resources. Implications of these findings for social work practice, mental health research, mental health policy, and local Arab-Islamic Organizations are discussed.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kilty, Keith.
Subjects: Social Work
Keywords: Help Seeking Attitudes; Mental Health Service Utilization; Arab-Mulsims
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10.
Ansah-Koi, Alice Amoako Ph.D.
Case Management for Adults Living with HIV/AIDS: A Qualitative Study of Social Workers' Perceptions and Lived Experiences.
Degree: PhD, Social Work, 2010, Ohio State University
► Multiple health and psychosocial needs are associated with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus…
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▼ Multiple health and psychosocial needs are associated with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and Acquired Immunodeficiency Disease Syndrome (AIDS). Persons living with these medical conditions are in need of assistance in many areas of their lives. Therefore, case management services are utilized to support most of this population. Although several studies have reviewed case management service delivery, most of these studies focus on conceptualization of case management and clients’ outcomes rather than the actual practice of case management. Yet, within the health and social service delivery system, case managers play crucial roles in assisting the diverse needs of persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). This research, therefore, was done to explore the perceptions and lived experiences of social work case managers offering services to PLWHA. Qualitative research methods in a grounded theory approach were used to collect data through semi-structured interviews with thirteen adult social work case managers of the Ryan White Care Program in one public health setting, one hospital, and two community based organizations in a metropolitan area of a Midwest state. Themes that emerged from the analysis of data were: 1) defining the role of the case manager; 2) challenges with clients; 3) challenges with formal organizations; 4) recommendations for improving case management service delivery; and lastly, 5) satisfaction and rewards of the job. The results have implications for improvement of case management service to PLWHA.
Advisors/Committee Members: Speziale, Bette A.
Subjects: Social work
Keywords: Case management; Ryan White Care; social worker's lived experiences
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12.
Ball, Annahita.
Parent/Guardian Empowerment & School Choice.
Degree: PhD, Social Work, 2012, Ohio State University
► Social workers are increasingly concerned with disparities in academic performance across racial,…
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▼ Social workers are increasingly concerned with disparities in academic performance across racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups. This significant social justice issue requires a better understanding of various methods to reduce inequity. School choice is one policy initiative that allows parents/guardians to choose schools other than their neighborhood schools, potentially increasing competition among schools and placing parents/guardians in the roles of “consumers.” Despite discussions of parent/guardian authority in school choice, few studies examine parent/guardian empowerment in a school choice context. This study seeks to address this gap in the research. As school social workers focus on school-home connections, they also play a key role within school choice policy implementation. They may assist parents/guardians in their decision-making, providing information and potentially empowering families to engage in their children’s education further. Empowerment is one specific component of a social work perspective that is integral in school choice settings. In addition, it may provide insight into parents/guardians’ school choice decisions, ultimately improving understanding of school choice as a mechanism to reduce educational disparities. The current study utilized cross-sectional survey research with parents/guardians to examine the following research questions: (1) Is Parent/Guardian Empowerment and Prioritization of Academic and Nonacademic Factors related to Parent/Guardian Satisfaction with School Quality; and, (2) Is Prioritization of Academic and Nonacademic Factors a moderator of the relationship between Parent/Guardian Empowerment and Parent/Guardian Satisfaction with School Quality? The study was conducted in two phases. The first phase of this study developed and tested a measure of parent/guardian empowerment using data collected from a cross-sectional online survey with parents/guardians throughout the United States (N = 226). The second phase specifically addressed the study’s research questions using cross-sectional survey research from 110 parents/guardians living in high poverty areas of a large, urban Midwestern city. Exploratory Factor Analysis indicated that the Parent/Guardian Empowerment Scale (P/GES) is a psychometrically sound measure of two domains of parent/guardian empowerment: parent/guardian knowledge and parent/guardian perceived competence. In addition, canonical correlation analysis and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used to examine the predictors of the quality of parents/guardians school choices. The canonical correlation analysis supported elements of multiple decision-making theories, as both parent/guardian prioritization of academic factors and prioritization of nonacademic factors were relevant variables in the predictor set. Additionally, the regression analyses allowed for tests of moderation, indicating that only parent/guardian prioritization of academic factors was a significant moderator in the relationship between parent/guardian knowledge and satisfaction with school quality. The findings in this study can guide future efforts to engage parents/guardians in school choice, specifically via school choice policies and school social work practice. Ultimately, academic outcomes for all students may be improved as social work research, practice, and policy better understand parent/guardian decision-making in relation to school choice.
Advisors/Committee Members: Anderson-Butcher, Dawn.
Subjects: Education; Educational Sociology; Education Policy; Social Research; Social Work
Keywords: School Choice; Empowerment; Parent Empowerment; School Social Work; Parent/Guardian Decision-Making
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13.
Ball, Annahita Rene.
Educator Readiness to Adopt School Mental Health Approaches.
Degree: MSW, Social Work, 2008, Ohio State University
► To help children achieve academic success and healthy youth development, new models…
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▼ To help children achieve academic success and healthy youth development, new models of school improvement must include effective methods to address mental health needs. To improve the implementation of school mental health approaches, this thesis had two main goals: (1) To determine any relationships between educator stress, professional support, teaching self-efficacy, and perceptions of student mental health needs and educators' readiness to adopt school mental health approaches; and, (2) To determine if educator stress is moderated by professional support, teaching self-efficacy, or perceptions of student mental health needs to predict educators' readiness to adopt school mental health approaches. This study used hierarchical regression to analyze primary data from 122 educators. Results indicated that educator stress was the greatest predictor of educator readiness to adopt school mental health approaches. Teaching self-efficacy and perceptions of student mental health needs also were related to readiness to adopt school mental health approaches.
Advisors/Committee Members: Anderson-Butcher, Dawn.
Subjects: Behaviorial sciences; Education; Mental health; Social work; Sociology; Teaching
Keywords: school mental health; educator; teacher; teacher stress; student mental health; teaching self-efficacy; perceptions of student mental health
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15.
Bell, Tenolian Rodney Sr.
Factors that influence African American church goers to seek help from their churches as opposed to traditional social service agencies.
Degree: PhD, Social Work, 1997, Ohio State University
► This study was designed to examine the factors that influence African American…
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▼ This study was designed to examine the factors that influence African American church goers to seek help from the African American church instead of traditional social service agencies. There is a dearth of information in the literature on the help seeking behavior of African American church goers. The participants were 145 members from nine (9) different denominations: Apostolic, Baptist, First Church of God, Holiness, Lutheran, Methodist, Nondenominational, Episcopalian, and Presbyterian. A purposive sampling strategy was used with a cross-sectional survey. All respondents volunteered to participate in this study.The major findings were that African American church goers seek help at higher rates from their pastors as opposed to other professionals such as psychologist, psychiatrist, and social workers. African American church goers were influenced to seek help from the church on the basis of their confidence in the church, their involvement with the church, and their attitudes toward the church. It was concluded that since African American church goers would continue to use the church as a primary helping source, social workers should seek to develop working relationships with African American pastors who have the greater influence with their members.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kilty, Keith M.
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16.
Bennett, Robert M.
The Poverty Attributions of Professional Social Workers.
Degree: MSW, Social Work, 2010, Ohio State University
► The poverty attributions of 249 licensed, professional social workers from a Midwestern…
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▼ The poverty attributions of 249 licensed, professional social workers from a Midwestern metropolitan center were assessed using the Poverty Attribution Survey. The three attributions used in this research were structural, individual, and cultural. The primary hypothesis of this research was that, as a whole, the social workers in this sample would agree with the structural attribution and disagree with the individual and cultural attributions for poverty. This hypothesis was supported, with the social workers in this sample “somewhat agree[ing]” that poverty is attributable to structure, “disagree[ing]” that poverty is attributable to the individual, and “somewhat disagree[ing]” that poverty is attributable to culture. The second hypothesis of the research was that social workers who provide direct service would agree more with the individual and/or cultural attribution for poverty when compared to indirect service social workers. This hypothesis also was supported for both the individual and cultural attribution. There were other groups of social workers who agreed significantly more with one or the other attribution. In terms of the structural attribution, those social workers who identified as non-religious, liberal, and/or recent field instructors agreed with the attribution significantly more. Social workers who identified as politically conservative were associated with endorsement of the individual attribution. Social workers who agreed significantly more with the cultural attribution for poverty identified as politically conservative, white/Caucasian/European descent, and/or having a non-social work Bachelor’s degree. The implications of this research relate to the possible consequences for clients living in poverty who are assigned to social workers who endorse the individual attribution for poverty. Based on the ethical responsibilities placed on social workers by the National Association of Social Workers (NASW) to address and ameliorate the negative consequences of poverty, two initial actions are proposed.
Advisors/Committee Members: Raiz, Dr. Lisa.
Subjects: Social work
Keywords: social work; poverty; attributions; education; community practice
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18.
Blunt-Williams, Kesha.
Students’ perceptions of transformative educators.
Degree: PhD, Social Work, 2007, Ohio State University
► The objectives of this dissertation are to explore whether or not transformative…
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▼ The objectives of this dissertation are to explore whether or not transformative educators are important to students, to determine which factors influence students’ thinking about transformative educators and to determine whether or not an educator’s level of cultural competence is important to students. Using data collected from a cross-section of 194 undergraduate and graduate students in social work and other majors, the findings indicate that transformative educators are important to college students. The data revealed that students want educators to be aware of what background and cultural characteristics they bring to the classroom and they want to be taught by educators who value and respect diversity. Additionally, the bivariate analyses demonstrated that age did not influence students’ perceptions regarding transformative pedagogy, but it did reveal that race influences students’ perceptions about a particular aspect of a transformative educator: reflection. The findings also illustrated that rank influenced students’ perceptions of certain aspects of transformative educators: socialization and cultural competence. These findings strongly suggest that students find educators who use transformative pedagogical methods important.
Advisors/Committee Members: Monroe, Jacquelyn.
Keywords: Transformative Education; Social Work Education; Cultural Competence; Transformative Pedagogy.
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19.
Bohl, Walter Brian.
Investigating Elder Self-neglect: Interviews with Adult Protective Service Workers.
Degree: PhD, Social Work, 2010, Ohio State University
► Purpose: Elder self-neglect accounts for over half of all cases of abuse…
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▼ Purpose: Elder self-neglect accounts for over half of all cases of abuse and neglect reported to Adult Protective Services (APS), with estimates of up to one million cases per year in the United States. The concept of self-neglect is socially constructed and varies between different communities, individuals, and experts. This study explored how APS investigators conceptualize, assess, and treat elder self-neglect. Methods: Sixteen APS workers from five central Ohio counties were interviewed regarding their views on investigating elder self-neglect. Results: Workers consistently described assessing mental capacity as a primary task. Their substantiation decisions were determined by health and environmental conditions. Their intervention decisions were determined by the clients’ decision-making abilities (competency) and by legal and ethical considerations regarding clients’ rights and self-determination. Workers described preferring case-by-case assessment rather than standardized assessment, in contrast to current recommendations found in the literature. They emphasized seeking peer consultation and supervision for challenging cases. Respondents were well educated, experienced (avg. experience was 13.9 years), and described having adequate access to meaningful peer consultation and supervision. Implications: Further research is needed regarding APS workers preferring case-by-case assessment. APS workers with less education, experience, or access to adequate consultation and supervision might prefer a standardized tool. To better understand the phenomenon of elder self-neglect, other groups such as clients, families, judges, policy-makers, and the general public need to be studied.
Advisors/Committee Members: Richardson, Virginia.
Subjects: Social work
Keywords: elder self-neglect; Adult Protective Services
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21.
Bradley, Evie L.
An Exploratory Study of the Attitudes and Beliefs of Older African Americans Concerning End-Of-Life Planning: A Developmental Perspective.
Degree: PhD, Social Work, 2005, Ohio State University
► This descriptive and exploratory study, guided by a developmental framework, examined how…
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▼ This descriptive and exploratory study, guided by a developmental framework, examined how the lived experiences of older African Americans, over the life course, informed their attitudes and beliefs concerning end-of-life planning. A focus group was used to pilot the study. Tape-recorded semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted with seven respondents using an open-ended questionnaire. Content analysis was accomplished utilizing grounded theory as an analytic framework. Following this analysis, six core categories emerged: (1) the experience of growing older; (2) coming to know death; (3) making sense of death and loss; (4) cognitive dissonance; (5) measured trust; and (6) race as a constant companion. The findings revealed that respondents had a positive attitude concerning the utility of advance directives, but a reluctance and ambivalence concerning executing them. Family centered decision-making and input were valued in end-of-life care and planning. These older individuals tended to look to their adult children to serve in the role of surrogate decision makers in the event of future decisional incapacity. There was a rejection of heroic medical care or technology in the face of futility. The respondents saw no nobility in pain and suffering and fervently desired effective comfort care in the event of terminal illness. Independence and productivity were most valued. Spirituality was at the core of how these older persons made meaning of death and how they found meaning and purpose in life.
Advisors/Committee Members: Richardson, Virginia.
Subjects: Social Work
Keywords: End-of-life
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23.
Brown, Katherine A.
A national study of the association between mothers against drunk driving and drunk-driving laws, driving-under-the-influence arrests and alcohol-related traffic fatalities.
Degree: PhD, Social Work, 2002, Ohio State University
► This study represents a social movement analysis. It is a study of…
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▼ This study represents a social movement analysis. It is a study of the public policy outcomes of one crime victims' movement organization, Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD). A study of the effects of Mothers Against Drunk Driving has been neglected by the social work profession. This dissertation attempts to address this deficit by empirically examining how variation in size, length of presence, characteristics of state office executive directors, and state office collaborative activities are associated with the achievement of three MADD goals. The study answers three research questions: 1) Is there a significant association between MADD organizational characteristics/MADD state office collaboration activities and drunk-driving legislation controlling for environmental characteristics? 2) Is there a significant association between MADD organizational characteristics/MADD state office collaboration activities and driving-under-the-influence arrests controlling for environmental characteristics? 3) Is there a significant association between MADD organizational characteristics/MADD state office collaboration activities and alcohol-related traffic fatalities controlling for environmental characteristics?The theoretical framework for the study is McCarthy and Zald's Resource Mobilization Theory. The study combines primary and secondary data to examine state level outcomes. A questionnaire sent to MADDs' 50 state office executive directors, which resulted in an overall response rate of 80 percent. Secondary state level data on income, alcohol sales tax, total drivers in force, drunk driving legislation, driving-under-the-influence arrests, and alcohol-related traffic fatalities were obtained from a variety of national data sets.State-level analyses of the impact of MADD and state environmental control variables were conducted. Results from the multiple linear regression analysis suggest an association between two MADD organizational variables: 1) states in which MADD chapters have been around longer have a fewer number of alcohol-related traffic fatalities, and 2) greater collaboration activities with private corporations is reported in states where the Open Container law has been in existence for more years. No evidence was found suggesting that the size of MADD, or characteristics of MADD state office executive directors influenced drunk driving laws, driving-under-the-influence arrests, or alcohol-related traffic fatalities.The results suggest that Mothers Against Drunk Driving can impact public policies outcomes.
Advisors/Committee Members: Burke, Celeste.
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24.
Burkhead, Nitisha Y.
Service Needs of Offenders with Co-Occurring Substance Abuse and Mental Health Problems.
Degree: MSW, Social Work, 2011, Ohio State University
► In, 2009, over 2 million people were held in the nation’s jails,…
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▼ In, 2009, over 2 million people were held in the nation’s jails, prisons, and community based correctional facilities (Glaze, Lauren, 2010; Scott, et al., 2006). At least 70% of inmates in prison report substance abuse issues (Hartwell, 2004). Furthermore, jails and prisons have reported that between 50% and 64% of inmates experience mental health problems (James & Glaze, 2006). The co-occurring substance abuse and mental health problems (COD) are a third of the incarcerated population which is disproportionately higher than the general population (James & Glaze, 2006). This study was driven by three questions: (1) Will individuals with either co-occurring substance abuse and mental health problems face more barriers than those with either substance abuse or mental health only problem, or neither problem? (2) Are prisoners with co-morbidity more likely to be on post-release control? (3) Are prisoners with co-morbidity more likely to serve more time and have been in correctional custody more time than prisoners with one problem and neither problem? This study was based on secondary data from a repeated measures longitudinal study that included three interviews: one while incarcerated in the correctional facility and two post-incarceration. Gathered data included demographics, mental health, substance abuse, and service barriers from 308 individuals leaving correctional custody facilities. Men and women with (1) neither mental health nor substance abuse problems, (2) either problem, and (3) both problems were compared. Analysis of post-release data included t-tests and One-way ANOVAs to compare expected and actual barriers faced during a two month period after reentry into the community. Comparisons of specific barriers to treatment by gender and between groups were analyzed. Results indicated that 40% of the sample had COD, while 47% had either a substance use or a mental health problem. Women constituted 52% of the COD population. The COD group anticipated facing more barriers to substance abuse treatment than the one problem only group. At pre-release, four barrier factors were found to be significant for the COD population: poor treatment availability, negative social support, fear of treatment, and stigma. The results indicated a significant difference with the number of anticipated barriers between persons with COD and the single problem group. At post-release, men were more likely to experience time conflict as a barrier to mental health treatment than women. Individuals with neither problem were likely to have been incarcerated at least 4.1 years at the time of the first interview. Persons with co-occurring problems were more likely to have a history of repeated periods of incarceration. Individuals with either or both problems were more likely than people with neither problem to be expecting mandated treatment at release. Increased access to substance abuse services is needed and appropriate for individuals with co-occurring problems, especially for men. Programming must be tailored to the needs of the co-occurring problem group.
Advisors/Committee Members: Begun, Audrey.
Subjects: Social Work
Keywords: co-occurring disorders, offenders, reentry, barriers to treatment, women
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26.
Call, Karen Dawn.
Childcare Opinion's Project: Incarcerated Mothers' Perceptions of Appropriate Childcare.
Degree: MSW, Social Work, 2011, Ohio State University
► The number of incarcerated women has increased over 400 percent in the…
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▼ The number of incarcerated women has increased over 400 percent in the past 20 years. Over 80 percent of incarcerated women are the mothers of minor aged children. Upon release, these mothers face many overwhelming challenges with their children’s caregivers as well as the child welfare system as they struggle to regain custody. Parenting education classes, if available during incarceration, may not adequately prepare incarcerated mothers for the realities they will encounter during community reentry. Further, the caregivers of their children are not being adequately prepared to succeed in the role of caregiver. This study utilized the Childcare Opinions Questionnaire (COQ) to examine opinions regarding appropriate childcare of incarcerated mothers (n = 101). Women were recruited from seven correctional facilities across the state of Ohio. The larger cross-sectional study on which this report is based includes collecting parallel COQ data from community caregivers of these mothers’ children and from child welfare workers in the state of Ohio. The research questions that guided this study were: (1) Is race/ethnicity related to incarcerated mothers’ perceptions of appropriate childcare? (2) Does the amount of time mothers spend away from their children correlate to their perceptions of appropriate childcare? (3) Does the age of incarcerated mother’s children relate to their perceptions of appropriate childcare? One-way ANOVA and Pearson’s Correlation were used to answer the research questions. African American mothers’ ratings were significantly higher than Non-Hispanic White mothers’ ratings on two components (Inadequate Medical Care and Exposure to Unwholesome Circumstances) on the COQ. Age of mothers’ children was related to mothers’ ratings on five components of the COQ. Mothers who had children aged six and over rated different components of the COQ (Inadequate Medical Care, Inadequate Education, Exposure to Unwholesome Circumstances, Inadequate Food, Inadequate Emotional Care, and Exploitation) significantly higher than mothers whose children were all under the age of six. The amount of time a mother had spent away from her children was not related to her ratings on the COQ. This study also sought to establish the reliability and test-retest reliability of the COQ as a research instrument. Cronbach’s alpha was computed for each of the nine components of the COQ. Alpha scores ranged from 0.046 to 0.864, indicating that all but one component (exploitation) had good inter-item reliability. ICC) demonstrated a greater than desirable variability across COQ test administrations, although most of the scores were in the moderate to strong agreement range. The results of this study will be used to inform jail and prison-based parenting education programs, to train child welfare workers engaged with this population of families, and to develop resource kits for the community caregivers of the children during mothers’ incarceration. The test-retest analyses will inform further research using the COQ instrument.
Advisors/Committee Members: Begun, Audrey.
Subjects: Social Work
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