Department: Allied Medical Professions ![[clear]](close-x.png "Remove this limiter")
63 matches in the database.
These are records: 1 - 30.
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1.
Borstad, Alexandra Lee.
Functional and Structural Neural Correlates of Sensory Discrimination after Stroke.
Degree: PhD, Allied Medical Professions, 2012, Ohio State University
► Stroke is the leading cause of serious long-term disability in the United…
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▼ Stroke is the leading cause of serious long-term disability in the United States and worldwide. It is estimated that as many as 2.4 million persons in the United States are stroke survivors. A common and devastating impairment after stroke is one-sided paralysis which may be complete, known as hemiplegia, or partial, termed hemiparesis. Even when persisting impairments are mild, stroke survivors consistently express dissatisfaction with upper extremity recovery. Specifically, impairment in hand function has been shown to negatively influence health related quality of life. Unlike hemiparesis, sensory impairments are difficult to discern, yet research documents that up to 89% of individuals with hemiparesis demonstrate upper extremity sensory deficits when tested across domains of touch, temperature, weight, roughness, texture, and shape discrimination. Sensory dysfunction predicts the magnitude of recovery from movement focused training protocols, and is unchanged by those protocols yet, stroke rehabilitation protocols continue to focus on the motor impairment, largely ignoring the contributions of concomitant sensory deficits. While extensive literature documents the relationship between the brain’s structure and function in the post-stroke motor system, literature on post-stroke sensory systems is lacking. Here, in two descriptive, cross-sectional studies, multi-modal neuroimaging and behavioral measures of sensory function are used to document neural correlates of sensory function after stroke. A longitudinal pilot sensorimotor intervention study is described, as are methods to explore functional and structural brain reorganization related to treatment. Sensorimotor training, which focuses on manual manipulation and sensory discrimination appears to be feasible, and shows potential as an effective approach, for improving motor function post-stroke; it bears further evaluation. Additional research is recommended to identify clinically useful measures of sensory function that are easily applied and span the breadth of tactile sensory behavior. Moreover, research regarding the best methods to translate sensory measurement and treatment into clinical routines is recommended. Structural brain connectivity, measured with diffusion imaging, is diminished after stroke in a network of tracts that support sensory discrimination. This provides evidence that stroke has a general, as well as local, effect on white matter connectivity. This new finding has implications for sensorimotor rehabilitation, particularly in regard to bilateral training, because impaired connectivity in the non-lesioned hemisphere may affect the central mechanisms that result in a phasic relationship between limbs. Finally, we suggested that activation in the precuneus cortex and structural reorganization of precuneus interhemisphereic connection reflect an increase in functional coupling between somatosensory areas in the right and left hemispheres that supports improved sensory discrimination after stroke. The implication, while preliminary, is that the precuneus cortex adapts to support function, and interventions that maximize this adaptation should be explored. More generally, this work illustrates that 32-direction diffusion imaging and probabilistic tractography methods provide meaningful representations of white matter structure after stroke.
Advisors/Committee Members: Larsen, Deborah.
Subjects: Rehabilitation
Keywords: stroke; magnetic resonance imaging; sensory discrimination; diffusion tractography; neural correlates
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2.
Brancazio, Maria Leigh.
Physician EMR Documentation Preference and Voice Recognition Acceptance in an Ambulatory Academic Health System.
Degree: MS, Allied Medical Professions, 2012, Ohio State University
► The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center (OSUWMC) installed the Epic Ambulatory…
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▼ The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center (OSUWMC) installed the Epic Ambulatory EMR from 2008 to 2011. The objective of this study was to identify changes in physician documentation preferences that would justify decision-making for future hardware implementations, software purchases, transcription services and support initiatives at OSUWMC. Documentation preferences of attending physicians practicing in an ambulatory care setting were measured in a survey instrument that assessed documentation method usage and cognitive evaluation when selecting particular methods with the introduction of an ambulatory EMR. Surveys were sent to 790 attending physicians that had the ability to schedule in the ambulatory clinics. Of the 131 survey respondents, 69% were male and 31% were female with average age range in the 35 to 44 years old category. With Chi Square statistical analyses, statistical significance was found for gender effect and post ambulatory EMR documentation preference. In addition, statistical significance was also found for pre and post ambulatory EMR documentation preference. Paired samples T-tests were run to compare the means for pre and post ambulatory EMR documentation method frequencies and found a significant in the shift towards Epic tools based on pre to post documentation frequency. Final Chi Square analysis found that those physicians that prefer a type of “verbal input” method, are more likely to continue to use voice recognition.
Advisors/Committee Members: Brodnik, Melanie.
Subjects: Health Care; Information Technology
Keywords: electronic medical record, electronic health record, EMR, EHR, Epic, physician documentation, documentation preference, voice recognition, Dragon, Nuance, Dragon Medical 10, academic medical center
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3.
Branski, Jenna M.
DIFFERENCES IN FOOD SOURCE PATTERNS IN US ADULTS.
Degree: MS, Allied Medical Professions, 2011, Ohio State University
► Rising trends of consumption of commercially prepared meals parallels the trend of…
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▼ Rising trends of consumption of commercially prepared meals parallels the trend of increased rates of overweight and obesity. Due to the alarming rates of overweight and obesity in the US it is important to understand what Americans are eating and where they are getting their food. Analyses of NHANES 2005-2008 have demonstrated that Americans obtain most of their food from three main sources. These include grocery stores, fast food and food service prepared sources. Foods obtained from dining out sources are more energy dense than foods obtained from grocery stores. Further analyses indicated that overweight and obese individuals obtained more food from carry out sources than their normal weight counterparts. Increasing individuals’ abilities to implement nutrition knowledge and increasing meal preparing skills is necessary to increase consumption of nutritionally balanced meals.
Advisors/Committee Members: Taylor, Christopher A.
Subjects: Nutrition
Keywords: food source, dining out, obesity
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4.
Brown, Melissa.
Assessing Knowledge and Behavior Regarding Influenza Vaccines.
Degree: MS, Allied Medical Professions, 2010, Ohio State University
► Influenza kills over 35,000 people and hospitalizes another 200,000 annually. Influenza vaccines…
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▼ Influenza kills over 35,000 people and hospitalizes another 200,000 annually. Influenza vaccines help protect people from being infected with the influenza virus. Often people do not have accurate facts about how the influenza vaccine prevents a person from getting the flu, which can hinder their ability to make an educated decision about receiving or not receiving the vaccine. More information about the relationship between knowledge about the influenza vaccine and the decision people make in regards to whether or not they get the vaccine is needed. The purpose of this study was to determine attitudes and beliefs of the community toward the influenza vaccine. The questionnaire that was developed for this study was completed by 122 volunteer participants in a suburb of Columbus, Ohio. Each participant answered fifteen questions based on the four dimensions of the Health Belief Model, which are perceived barriers, perceived benefits, perceived susceptibility and perceived severity along with a “cues to action” subcategory. Several descriptive variables were also obtained. The majority of the participants were female with 63.1% of the population sampled. Only 20 of the participants had a chronic condition and 22 people worked in the healthcare field. The number of participants that received the vaccine during the 2009-2010 influenza season was 66 people or 54%. During the 2008-2009 influenza season 57 or 49% of participants received the vaccine. Some differences between attitudes and beliefs based on the descriptive variables were found when evaluated against the five categories from this model using an ANOVA or t-test. Females were more likely to believe that the flu can be severe. Individuals with a chronic medical condition were more likely to believe that they were susceptible to getting the flu and there were few barriers to getting the vaccine. Healthcare workers felt that there were many benefits and few barriers to receiving the vaccine. Individuals that received the vaccine during the past two flu seasons were more likely to believe that there are many benefits and few barriers to getting the vaccine. A regression analysis was performed to help predict vaccine compliance for the 2009-2010 influenza season based on the four Health Belief Model categories. This analysis found that perceived barriers were the only component of this model that was able to predict vaccination compliance (r2 = 0.257). No significant correlation was found between the other three components of this model. This study concluded that about half of the participants received the vaccine. Based on the answers received for each category, perceived barriers was the only positive predictor of vaccination compliance. There are differences between beliefs about the vaccine based on descriptive variables. These findings suggest that there are still misconceptions about the influenza vaccine. These results can help educators create programs targeted at certain populations to increase knowledge within an identified weak category for the targeted population. This may positively affect their beliefs and attitudes towards receiving the vaccine, which could increase vaccination compliance within the targeted group.
Advisors/Committee Members: Wolf, Kay N.
Subjects: Public health
Keywords: influenza, vaccines, Health Belief Model
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5.
Buehner, Jeffrey J.
The Impact of Manual-assisted Locomotor Training on Walking Ability and Sensory and Motor Scores in Chronic Motor Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury.
Degree: MS, Allied Medical Professions, 2010, Ohio State University
► Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) is a devastating disability that negatively impacts quality…
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▼ Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) is a devastating disability that negatively impacts quality of life and the inability to ambulate or ambulate well is considered by many to be the greatest functional limitation. Therefore, development of rehabilitation interventions that maximize locomotor abilities for those with SCI are vital. Manual-assisted Locomotor Training is an activity-based therapy developed to induce locomotor and functional gains in those with neurologic impairment. However, the impact of Locomotor Training on locomotor ability, balance, strength and sensation in chronic motor incomplete SCI is currently unknown. This study determined the magnitude and rate of locomotor improvement following Locomotor Training and the amount of Locomotor Training needed to elicit these changes for persons with chronic motor incomplete SCI treated in the multi-site NeuroRecovery Network (NRN). Locomotor performance was measured by gait speed, distance and attainment of functional speeds reported for in-home (<0.44 m/s) or community ambulation (0.44 m/s). In addition, we determined the impact of Locomotor Training on American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) exam sensory and motor scores for lower extremity strength and sensation. The relationship between sensory and motor scores and recovery of locomotion and balance after Locomotor Training was examined. Lastly, we determined the degree of agreement in final gait speeds obtained for short bout locomotion during the 10 meter walk test (10MWT) and for long bout locomotion during the 6 minute walk test (6MWT). Using a prospective, cohort design, we compared sensory and motor scores and functional outcomes pre and post-intervention for individuals that had completed Locomotor Training in the NRN from March 2005 to July 2010. Participants included 225 individuals with chronic motor incomplete SCI with ASIA Impairment Scale of C or D (mean 2.45±3.79 years post-injury). The NRN Locomotor Training intervention consisted of manual-assisted body-weight supported treadmill step training, over ground assessment and community reintegration for about 1.5 hrs per session. Training occurred 3-5 times a week for an average of 60 sessions over an average of 5 months. Outcome measures collected before and after the intervention included: AIS classification; lower extremity and upper extremity motor scores (LEMS, UEMS); lower extremity pin prick scores; lower extremity light touch scores; gait speeds for the 10MWT and the 6MWT; gait distances for the 6MWT; and, balance using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). Comparisons were made for the overall sample, AIS C and D subsets, paraplegia/tetraplegia subsets and functional gait speed stratifications. No significant changes in sensory or motor scores were found following Locomotor Training except LEMS (pre: 31.85±13.98; post: 38.61±12.29; p<0.05) and UEMS (pre: 38.36±10.83; post: 41.44±8.27; p<0.05). Significant gains in gait speed (pre: 0.32±0.40 m/s; post: 0.55±0.55 m/s; p<0.05), gait distance (pre: 94.4±115.09 m; post: 164.42±159.82 m; p<0.05), and balance (BBS pre: 20.48±17.70; post: 29.24±20.60; p<0.05) were found. While significant correlations occurred, no relationship was found for AIS C and D subsets between sensory and motor scores and gait speed (r2= 0.026-0.070; r2= 0.051-0.241 respectively), distance (r2= 0.011-0.097; r2=0.037-0.251 respectively) or balance (r2= 0.109-0.177; r2=0.072-0.333 respectively) following Locomotor Training. A significant (p<0.05) moderate positive relationship between initial LEMS and final Berg Balance Scores occurred for paraplegia and tetraplegia subsets (r2=0.497 and 0.478 respectively). Conversion between functional gait speed stratifications occurred following Locomotor Training with 47% of the sample ambulating at community gait speeds at discharge (0.44 m/s). Sixty-four percent of the sample achieved peak gait speed at discharge. Final speeds obtained from the 10MWT for the overall sample were 17% higher than speeds obtained from the 6MWT. However, 20% produced higher gait speeds during long bout 6MWT ambulation compared with short bout 10MWT ambulation at discharge. Manual-assisted Locomotor Training improves gait speed, distance, balance and functional ambulation ability in individuals with chronic motor incomplete SCI. The ASIA exam sensory and motor scores and AIS classification appear to be poor indicators of recovery of walking and care should be taken when using them to determine treatment efficacy or functional improvement. Functional classification based on gait speed during short bout ambulation may be a more sensitive indicator of meaningful locomotor recovery. That 16% of subjects at enrollment produced faster speeds during long bout locomotion suggests that even these classifications may underreport recovery. Whether speeds derived from the 6MWT align more closely with community ambulation ability than the 10MWT should be examined. It seems likely that each test describes different domains of walking ability in those with chronic incomplete SCI following Locomotor Training. Finally, different functional severities may require different doses of Locomotor Training to maximize locomotor abilities. These results will help determine allocation of resources to maximize locomotor outcomes as efficiently and effectively as possible in people with chronic SCI.
Advisors/Committee Members: Basso, D. Michele.
Subjects: Rehabilitation
Keywords: incomplete spinal cord injury; SCI; iSCI; locomotor training; chronic spinal cord injury; walking capacity
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6.
Christopher, Delphina J.
Haptic Discrimination, Manual Dexterity and Academic Achievement in Nondisabled Preterm Children at School Age.
Degree: MS, Allied Medical Professions, 2010, Ohio State University
► Preterm (PT) children are at risk for sensorimotor impairments at school age,…
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▼ Preterm (PT) children are at risk for sensorimotor impairments at school age, however little has been done with sensory discrimination in PT school aged children. AIM: To assess and compare haptic discrimination, manual dexterity and academic achievement in nondisabled PT and full term (FT) children. METHODS: Thirty-seven participants, 12 PT (6 males, 6 females, mean GA 32 weeks, mean age: 9.6 years); 25 FT (13 males, 12 females, mean age 9.9), assessed with 1) Hand Active Sensation Test (HASTe) for texture and weight discrimination, 2) Haptic Object Recognition Test (HORT) for shape discrimination, and 3) Nine-Hole Peg (NHP) for manual dexterity. The Ohio Achievement Test (OAT) reading and math scores were used to gauge academic achievement. RESULTS: Full term children had significantly higher mean HASTe accuracy scores (p= .012) and higher mean OAT reading scores (p =0.041); math scores approached significance (p = .070). No significant group differences for the HORT accuracy scores (p = 0.158) or NHP time scores (p = 0.145).INTERPRETATION: Nondisabled PT children did not perform as well as FT peers in haptic discrimination or reading achievement. The HASTe was able to discriminate between nondisabled preterm and full term children
Advisors/Committee Members: Larsen, Deborah S.
Subjects: Education; Rehabilitation; Therapy
Keywords: nondisabled preterm children; haptic discrimination; active touch; tactual performance, manual dexterity
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8.
Copley, Stacey.
Assessment of Instructor Information Technology Self-efficacy on Online Course Delivery Modes and Design Methods in the Radiologic Sciences.
Degree: MS, Allied Medical Professions, 2012, Ohio State University
► Introduction The purpose of this study was to determine the current status…
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▼ Introduction The purpose of this study was to determine the current status of online education in the radiologic sciences, as well as the use of online educational tools, methods of delivery, and the instructor IT self-efficacy. This study provides information about the tools currently utilized in online education in the radiologic sciences as well as to provide information regarding information self-efficacy from the instructors’ perspectives. Methods An electronic survey instrument was created using Survey Monkey®, and invitations were sent to a random stratified sample of 365 educators, including instructors from Joint Review Committee accredited programs in radiography, radiation therapy, and nuclear medicine. Of these 365 invitees, 102 participants responded to the survey resulting in a 27.95% response rate. Of the 102 respondents to this survey, only 38 educators indicated they offer on-line courses. The survey results were then analyzed descriptive statistics, frequency values, and Spearman Rho correlation. Results Approximately two-thirds of the programs responding to the survey did not offer online core courses. However the institutions that do provide online core radiologic courses, most commonly reported using PowerPoint® and Flash® online tools for course delivery and BlackBoard® was reported as the most commonly used learning management system. Results from the survey demonstrated a significant relationship between the type of institution and the use of synchronous technologies suggesting that university-based programs were more likely to utilize this technology. Significant relationships were not identified for the remaining variables: IT self-efficacy and the instructors, age, years of teaching in higher education, years of teaching online, the use of asynchronous technologies or the use of synchronous technologies. Additionally, no significant relationship exists between the type of institution and the use of asynchronous technologies. Conclusion The utilization of the online education in the radiologic sciences has increased, but the traditional classroom setting is still the primary class style offering. PowerPoint remains the primary content delivery tool of choice, suggesting a need for educators to incorporate tools that promote student interactions and interactive learning. The results from the survey did not reveal a significant relationship between IT self efficacy and age, years of teaching, years of teaching online course and the use of synchronous and asynchronous technologies, but the small correlations identified suggests that the younger instructors have a higher IT self-efficacy. Additionally, no significant relationship exists between the type of institution and the use of asynchronous technologies. However, there is a significant relationship between the type of institution and the use of synchronous technologies. According to the literature, the demonstrated small negative correlations may indicate that a relationship exists if studies in a larger sample.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kowalczyk, Nina.
Subjects: Education; Educational Software; Educational Technology; Radiology
Keywords: Distance education; radiologic sciences; Information Technology Self Efficacy; learning management systems; radiologic instructors
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9.
Dashottar, Amitabh.
Posterior Shoulder Tightness Measurements: Differentiating Capsule, Muscle and Bone.
Degree: PhD, Allied Medical Professions, 2012, Ohio State University
► Shoulder injuries are associated with tightness of posterior shoulder tissues. Posterior shoulder…
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▼ Shoulder injuries are associated with tightness of posterior shoulder tissues. Posterior shoulder tightness is currently evaluated by using two measures of shoulder joint range of motion, internal rotation with the shoulder abducted to 90°, or horizontal adduction with the shoulder flexed to 90°. The range of motion in these measurements is influenced by tightness in the posterior capsule and/or posterior muscles, and is also impacted by the magnitude of humeral torsion. The inability to identify the specific structure responsible for range of motion loss using these measurements affects the planning and outcome of conservative treatments aimed at regaining range of motion. The aim of this project was to evaluate current and potential measurements of posterior shoulder tightness so that separate measurements of glenohumeral joint posterior capsule and posterior muscles can be identified. Another aim was to evaluate the validity of palpation of bicipital tuberosities for measuring humeral torsion. To evaluate the effects of glenohumeral joint (GHJ) posterior capsule contracture on range of motion, a cadaver study was conducted. The purpose of the study was to identify a range of motion measurement sensitive to changes in the GHJ posterior capsule length. Repeated measures of shoulder ROM across four posterior shoulder tightness measurements were performed before and after experimental capsular contracture. Maximum reductions in the range of motion were observed in measurements that combined shoulder flexion and internal rotation. To evaluate the effects of posterior muscle extensibility on the range of motion, an in-vivo study was conducted. Repeated measures of shoulder range of motion across four posterior shoulder tightness measurements were performed before, immediately after, at 24 hours, and at 48 hours after repeated eccentric exercises of Infraspinatus and Teres minor. To verify the effect of eccentric exercise, Infraspinatus and Teres minor hardness were also measured at the same time as the range of motion measurements. Maximum reduction in the range of motion was observed in a measurement that combined shoulder extension and internal rotation. Infraspinatus hardness was observed to increase immediately after repeated eccentric exercise. To evaluate the validity of using palpation of bicipital tuberosities for measuring humeral torsion, an in-vivo study was conducted. The bicipital-forearm angle, an indirect measure of humeral torsion, was measured using palpation of bicipital tuberosities and real-time ultrasound imaging. Agreement among the two methods was excellent with the intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.92. The findings of these studies taken together suggest using a progressive approach to test posterior shoulder tightness. The first step should be the comparison of humeral torsion between the dominant and non- dominant shoulders. If between shoulder range of motion differences are greater than between shoulder humeral torsion differences, posterior capsule and muscle should then be evaluated. The posterior capsule may be best evaluated in a position of shoulder joint flexion and internal rotation, while for evaluating posterior muscles a position of shoulder joint extension may be used.
Advisors/Committee Members: Borstad, John.
Subjects: Biblical Studies; Biomechanics; Health Sciences; Physical Therapy; Rehabilitation
Keywords: Glenohumeral joint, Range of motion, Internal rotation, Clinical measurement
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10.
Davis, Roberta Lee.
Short Nutritional Videos and Knowledge Change in a Population of Low-Income Individuals in a Community Outreach Setting.
Degree: MS, Allied Medical Professions, 2011, Ohio State University
► Lack of nutritional knowledge can lead to behaviors that increase the risk…
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▼ Lack of nutritional knowledge can lead to behaviors that increase the risk for chronic disease. Innovative nutritional programs are needed to help increase awareness and knowledge of nutrition, especially in low-income, minority populations who suffer from health disparities. The use of video and other forms of multimedia provide an easy, convenient, and cost effective means of delivering nutrition education to populations in community outreach settings. The purpose of this study was to determine if viewing a Nutrition Short Educational Clip (N-SEC) video will be associated with a change in knowledge and on the intention to change behavior in a population of low-income individuals in a community outreach setting. Fifty-two individuals in two free community outreach settings volunteered to participate in this study. The participants were given a nutrition knowledge pretest, followed by a 3 minute Nutrition Short Educational Clip (N-SEC) of their choice - fiber or diabetes- presented on an iPad.® The participants were then given a posttest, designed to measure a change in knowledge, behavioral intention, and satisfaction for the N-SEC presentation. The results of this study demonstrated an improvement in knowledge scores from pretest to posttest for both the fiber and diabetes Nutrition Short Educational Clips (N-SECs). Post-viewing, the vast majority of the participants reported an intention to iii change behavior and were very satisfied with the N-SECs. This study demonstrates that Short Nutrition Education Clips shown in community outreach settings may be a convenient, cost effective means for nutrition information, and lead to an increase in nutritional knowledge, and in the intention to change behavior toward a healthier lifestyle.
Advisors/Committee Members: Wolf, Kay.
Subjects: Behaviorial Sciences; Health Education; Health Sciences; Nutrition; Public Health Education
Keywords: nutrition, knowledge; community; video; low-income; minority; health disparity; education; behavior
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11.
DeMarco, Danielle Alena.
Weight Perceptions and Adherence to Weight Control Practices in US Adults.
Degree: MS, Allied Medical Professions, 2011, Ohio State University
► The current obesity epidemic our society is facing remains at the forefront…
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▼ The current obesity epidemic our society is facing remains at the forefront of the nation’s leading public health concerns. An estimated 66% of US adults are considered overweight or obese. Obesity leads to many health implications and is a risk factor for chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes and hypertension. Analysis of 1999-2006 NHANES data demonstrated that middle-aged US adults self-report their height and weight with a relatively high degree of accuracy, but not BMI. Further analyses indicated that females and obese individuals were more likely to underreport their weight. It was also apparent that people realize a dual approach is important for initiating weight loss, but the dietary and physical patterns revealed were not favorable for weight loss. These findings suggest that greater efforts may be necessary in order to properly equip obese individuals with the knowledge, tools and resources that will lead to successful weight loss.
Advisors/Committee Members: Taylor, Christopher A.
Subjects: Nutrition
Keywords: weight loss; obesity; physical activity; dietary behaviors
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12.
Eugene, Ernest G.
A comparison study between male and female division I athletes assessing identity.
Degree: MS, Allied Medical Professions, 2007, Ohio State University
► Study Design: A survey questionnaire design was used in this comparative study.…
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▼ Study Design: A survey questionnaire design was used in this comparative study. The independent variables were gender, scholarship status, reason for attending OSU and sport. The dependent variables were student (SIM) and athletic (AIM) identity scores. Objective: The primary objective of this study is to compare athletic identity and student identity among male and female Division I student-athletes. Background: Sport Psychology is a field that studies both the mental and psychological attributes that affect sport and physical activity. An increase focus has emerged in the psychology of athletic injury rehabilitation and treatment. The evolution of Title IX has focused our efforts on both male and female collegiate athletics. Methods and Measures: Subjects consisted of 248 student-athletes from The Ohio State University that were members of the above-mentioned teams. Using a 7-point Likert scale, all subjects completed a 14-question instrument. With written authorization, the first 7 questions was the Athletic Identity Measurement Scale (AIMS) survey designed by Dr. Britton Brewer in 1993. The last seven questions was the Student Identity Measurement Scale (SIMS). The survey was provided to all subjects with a packet that consisted of a cover letter, anonymous demographics questionnaire and the 14-question instrument. Upon completion of the questionnaire, the subjects placed the demographics questionnaire and 14-question survey instrument in a sealed letterhead envelope and forwarded the envelope to the team athletic trainer. Upon receipt, the athletic trainer placed them in a larger envelope for the principal and/or co-investigator to pick up at a later time. Results: A total of 181 of 248 questionnaires were returned. However, only 180 surveys were complete and able to be used for data analysis. Of the 180 surveys used, 103 were male student-athletes and 77 were female student athletes. The highest response rates (96%) were men’s and women’s soccer. Scholarship athletes consisted of 127 respondents and 118 respondents attended OSU for athletic reasons. Conclusions: A majority of the participants attended OSU for athletic reasons and/or an athletic scholarship brought them to OSU. The difference between those that attended for athletics vs. academics is not huge.
Advisors/Committee Members: Merrick, Mark A.
Keywords: Sport Psychology; Title IX Legislation; Athletic Identity
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13.
Glass, Katherine Elizabeth.
Patient Perceptions of Electronic Health Records (EHRs) in Outpatient Healthcare Visits: A Survey of the State of Ohio.
Degree: MS, Allied Medical Professions, 2012, Ohio State University
► Background: The introduction of technology into the patient health care provider interaction…
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▼ Background: The introduction of technology into the patient health care provider interaction and in particular the use of Electronic Health Records (EHRs) has revolutionized health data capture and analysis. However, electronic capture of health data has also changed the way health care communication occurs, affecting both clinicians and patients alike. Because patient satisfaction with a health care interaction is known to affect adherence to healthcare recommendations, it is important to identify the perceptions patients (or specific subgroups of patients) have of the medical encounter when the clinician uses an EHR. Positive patient perceptions of EHRs might provide health care providers with increased motivation to adopt health care technologies. Identifying any negative patient perceptions could provide health care providers with insight about how to better implement EHRs into the healthcare encounter. Design and Methods: A sample of Ohio adults aged 21 and older (N = 481) was recruited from the U.S. National Institutes of Health-sponsored ResearchMatch health research volunteer registry. Participants completed a secure online survey (55.4% response rate) that included sociodemographic questions, EHR and encounter perception questions, and the Shared Decision-Making Questionnaire-9 (SDM-Q-9). Measures were completed based on the respondent having had an interaction with a health care provider during the 3 months prior to survey completion. Multiple linear regression analysis employing forward selection was used to model correlates of shared decision-making. A bivariate correlation matrix was utilized to model associations between age and EHR perception. Results: Approximately two-thirds of patients in the study reported EHR use by their healthcare provider. The majority of those patients viewed EHR use favorably, and as an asset to their health. Those that reported no EHR use had mixed opinions regarding how an EHR might improve their care. Multiple linear regression demonstrated no relationship between the presence or absence of an EHR and perceived shared decision-making in health care interactions. However, patients who reported the use of an EHR in their encounter and liked how they were used saw a positive, statistically significant relationship with shared decision-making. Age was statistically associated with certain attitudes towards EHRs. Lower self-perceived skill with computers was found to be significantly associated with higher age. Conclusion: While patients may have apprehensions or fears about EHR implementation before their health care provider uses them, patients of providers currently using EHRs appear to be satisfied with EHR use and perceive the health benefits of such use. Further, patients comfortable with EHR use appear to perceive higher shared-decision making in their health care interactions, which demonstrates potential for EHRs to support a process of healthcare that is potentially associated with patient satisfaction, adherence to treatment, and improved patient health outcomes.
Advisors/Committee Members: Brodnik, Melanie.
Subjects: Health Care
Keywords: electronic health record, health informatics, shared decision-making
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14.
Gupta, Miti.
Obesity and Rotator Cuff Tendonitis.
Degree: MS, Allied Medical Professions, 2008, Ohio State University
► There has been a rapid escalation in the percentage of obese population…
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▼ There has been a rapid escalation in the percentage of obese population in the United States over the past 20 years. Obesity is known to cause some serious heath concerns like cardio-vascular disorders and cancer. A high body mass index has also found to be significantly correlated with increased incidence of shoulder pain and reduce range of motion at the shoulder. Rotator Cuff Tendonitis (RCT) is one of the most common ailments of the shoulder joint. The objective of the present study is to determine the correlation between Obesity and Rotator Cuff Tendonitis. The study consisted of 2 parts 1) Ex post facto analysis of 2004 data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey(MEPS) database to examine the relationship between Adult BMI and RCT and 2)Comparison of scapular kinematics between obese individuals and a non-obese controlgroup. Out the total RCT (n=910) cases reported in the MEPS database for the year 2004,65% of the cases were found in the people with BMI above 25 (n=593). Using the Chi-square test the correlation between BMI and RCT was found to be statistically significant.Data for orientation of the scapula and humerus was collected using an electromagnetic motion capture system during three separate activities: raising and lowering their arm without a weight; raising and lowering the arm with a three pound dumbbell; and reaching behind their neck. The results from the separate 2 way ANOVA showed significant differences between groups for UR of scapula for both raising and lowering phases in all 3 activities. Between group differences were significant for scapula tipping for raising and lowering the arm without any weight and reaching behind the back. These findings suggest that an overweight/obese individual is more likely to suffer from RCT. Therefore, the prevention and treatment protocols for rotator cuff tendonitis in overweight/obese population should include an adequate weight loss program.Ergonomic modifications aimed at decreasing muscular stresses across the shoulder should also be incorporated for overweight individuals to prevent / treat RCT.
Advisors/Committee Members: Borstad, John.
Keywords: Obesity, Body Mass Index, rotator cuff tendonitis, scapular kinematics
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15.
Hackenmueller, Stacy Sharon.
A Retrospective Chart Review: Caloric Adequacy within Adult Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.
Degree: MS, Allied Medical Professions, 2012, Ohio State University
► Maintenance of appropriate nutrition status within hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is…
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▼ Maintenance of appropriate nutrition status within hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is of great significance in both improving treatment response and reducing morbidity and mortality (1, 2). There is a particular lack of observational research within HSCT studying the extent to which oral intake is inhibited in transplant recipients. Using data available in the electronic medical records at the study institution, this retrospective chart review calculated patient caloric intake on each inpatient day during transplant for all patients in 2010. Of 213 patients, 190 were eligible for inclusion into the study. The researchers calculated percentage of EER met on each day of transplant with the goal of calculating the percentage of patients, aggregated by preparatory regimen, who went an extended period of time (at least 10 consecutive days) without adequate oral intake (at least 50% EER). 21% of patients met the criteria for extended inadequate intake. When aggregated by preparatory regimen extended inadequate intake ranged from 7.7%-60%. This study had demonstrated the potential to tailor nutrition interventions to the HSCT recipients’ preparatory regimen, and further research should investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of proposed interventions such as aggressive oral diet counseling, enteral nutrition interventions and parenteral nutrition support.
Advisors/Committee Members: Nahikian-Nelms, Marcia.
Subjects: Nutrition
Keywords: hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; HSCT; bone marrow transplant; nutrition support; medical nutrition therapy
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16.
Handlon, Lauree E.
The Relationship of the Financial Condition of a Healthcare Organization and the Error Rate of Potentially Missed Coding/Billing of Select Outpatient Services.
Degree: MS, Allied Medical Professions, 2008, Ohio State University
► Hospital outpatient claims data and financial statistics using Medicare public use files,…
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▼ Hospital outpatient claims data and financial statistics using Medicare public use files, HOPS and HCRIS, were investigated. Relationships in the financial health of hospitals using ROE, total margin, operating margin, and Medicare outpatient operating margin and error rate for non-chemotherapy drug administration, blood transfusion, and venipuncture were reviewed. The study also investigated relationships between average error rate and demographic variables of bed size, revenue size, geographic region, and teaching distinction. A low association was found between financial health and error rates for selected services. Five statistically significant relationships were found, which may be an artifact of the size of the population under study. Study results showed that hospitals with fewer beds experienced higher error rates for drug administration and transfusion services. Limited research in investigating relationships in financial health, error rate, and hospital type currently exists. This study will provide as a reference for future studies in this area.
Advisors/Committee Members: Brodnik, Melanie.
Subjects: Finance; Health care
Keywords: hospital outpatient; financial health; Medicare; claims data; data mining; HOPS; HCRIS; drug administration; transfusion; venipuncture; error rate
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17.
Harpster, Karen.
Sensory processing function and early intervention programs for toddlers with early signs of autism.
Degree: PhD, Allied Medical Professions, 2011, Ohio State University
► The prevalence of sensory processing deficits in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders…
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▼ The prevalence of sensory processing deficits in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) ranges from 69 to 95%. Sensory processing deficits are thought to contribute to the clinical presentation and functional difficulties experienced by individuals with ASD. Detection of sensory processing deficits during the second year of life has the potential to significantly impact the development of the disorder. Although sensory processing dysfunction in ASD is widely documented in the literature, the majority of the research in this area is limited to retrospective reviews and examination of dysfunction occurring during preschool years or later. Additionally, the majority of research in this area utilizes parent report and/or videotaped analysis and very few studies utilize neurophysiological assessments. No research study to date has employed a multi-modal assessment protocol utilizing both neurophysiological and clinical (parent report and direct observation) assessment tools to measure sensory processing function. Early identification of sensory processing deficits has the potential to lead to early intervention in individuals who may go on to develop ASD. Early intervention can significantly impact sensory processing deficits and ASD characteristics. In order to move toward addressing sensory processing in an early intervention program, sensory processing function during the first few critical years of life must be better understood. The goals of this project are to: (1) describe sensory processing function and dysfunction using a multi-modal assessment protocol during the second year of life (2) examine differences in sensory processing between toddlers with and without early signs of ASD (3) determine the relative relationship between developmental skills and sensory processing abilities with the presence of early signs of ASD and (4) to examine the effectiveness of early intervention on ameliorating the clinical symptoms of autism for individuals with or at risk for a diagnosis of autism between 0-24 months of age.
Advisors/Committee Members: Lane, Alison.
Subjects: Occupational Therapy
Keywords: Autism; early signs of autism, early intervention, occupational therapy, sensory processing, Event Related Potentials
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18.
Herbert, Wendy J.
Corticoreticular and Reticulospinal Control of Reaching after Stroke: Functional, Physiological, and Anatomical Studies.
Degree: PhD, Allied Medical Professions, 2010, Ohio State University
► The purpose of this study was to develop a new model of…
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▼ The purpose of this study was to develop a new model of focal ischemia with reperfusion in the non-human primate (M fascicularis) to explore the contributions of both the corticospinal and reticulospinal systems in recovery of reaching following cortical ischemic injury. First, experiments were conducted to improve understanding of electrophysiological techniques used for studying descending motor systems, and ipsilateral corticospinal control of upper limb movements in the intact animal. Single-pulse stimulation and repetitive stimulation techniques applied at the same pontomedullary reticular formation (PMRF) stimulation site in the same monkey were compared. The type of response (facilitation vs. suppression) was compared between the stimulation methods. The results indicated that for general comparisons of motor outputs, both methods produced comparable responses. This study helped us recognize the possible limitations for our electrophysiological methods for the new cortical injury model. Then, the functional organization of the corticospinal tract (ipsilateral vs. contralateral) was studied to explore ipsilateral corticospinal outputs to muscles of both upper limbs from cortical stimulation applied at sites in the left cerebral cortex spread across the primary motor cortex, dorsal pre-motor cortex and supplementary motor cortex. Ipsilateral effects were evoked from all three cortical motor areas. The percentage of ipsilateral effects was higher than the 10 to 20% expected based on anatomy, with the greatest percentage from pre-motor areas. This study provided valuable insights into ipsilateral corticospinal contributions to upper limb motor control, especially proximal limb muscles. Next, a vasoconstrictive peptide, Endothelin-1 (ET-1) was used to create a focal ischemic injury in the shoulder/elbow representation of left primary motor cortex (M1). Repetitive microstimulation was used to physiologically map motor outputs from right and left cortical motor areas, and upper limb motor outputs from the PMRF. EMG responses were recorded from shoulder girdle, limb extensor and limb flexor muscles of both upper limbs. Functional deficits were assessed using a behavioral reaching task conducted at set time points before and after the ET-1 induced lesion. MRI scans were used for confirmation of lesion location and quantification of lesion volume. In a subject with a mild lesion, reaching was mildly impaired. Changes were evident in the shoulder/elbow representations of both the affected and contralesional M1. No substantial changes were noted in the pattern of PMRF output. In a subject with a severe lesion, reaching was markedly impaired immediately after the lesion. With intensive rehabilitation, gross reaching recovered in a few weeks, and reaching times were slow but comparable to pre-injury levels by 16 weeks postinjury. Surprisingly, the shoulder/elbow representation in the affected M1 remained completely absent after recovery, and there was little change in the contralesional M1. The novel result was the greater right arm representation from left PMRF sites in this subject. This suggests that there may be increased reliance on PMRF motor outputs associated with upper limb motor recovery after a severe ischemic cortical injury. This opens a new line of investigation to complement cortical plasticity research to understand reticulospinal contributions to functional recovery of reaching after stroke.
Advisors/Committee Members: Buford, John.
Subjects: Physical Therapy; Rehabilitation
Keywords: cortical stroke, reaching, reticular formation
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19.
Hill, McKel Dawn.
DIETETIC PRACTITIONERS’ KNOWLEDGE, BEHAVIORS, AND PRACTICES REGARDING DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS.
Degree: MS, Allied Medical Professions, 2011, Ohio State University
► The popularity of nutrient and herbal dietary supplements is growing rapidly,…
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▼ The popularity of nutrient and herbal dietary supplements is growing rapidly, and the general public is using dietary supplements as a mode to prevent, treat, or enhance their health. The aim of this descriptive study was to determine the knowledge, personal use patterns, and recommendation practices of dietetic practitioners regarding dietary supplements. A sample of 368 Ohio dietetic practitioners, dietitians (n=332) and dietetic technicians (n=31) completed an on-line questionnaire investigating the knowledge, behaviors, and practices of dietetic practitioners regarding nutrient and herb supplements. Participants were recruited through a professional state association’s mailing list. Dietetic technicians personally used nutrient and herb/botanical supplements more than dietitians, with the exception of dietitians personally using nutrients for prevention; dietitians recommended nutrient and herb/botanical supplements more than dietetic technicians. There was a positive association with the personal use of a nutrient supplement and its recommended use; and a stronger positive association was observed with personal use of a herb/botanical supplement and its recommended use. The relationship between age and recommending the use of a herb/botanical for prevention or treatment of a condition was significantly positive (r=0.13; p=0.017 and r=0.11; p=0.042 respectively). A strong relationship between age and knowledge of the dietary supplement and its condition was observed (r=0.13; p=0.030). The results show no significant difference in scores between the dietitians (mean score = 16.22 or 43% correct) and dietetic technicians (mean score= 13.51 or 36% correct). The results of this study indicate that providing dietetic practitioners with professional education regarding dietary supplements, especially herbs, continues to be warranted.
Advisors/Committee Members: Wolf, Kay.
Subjects: Nutrition
Keywords: dietitian; dietetic technician; dietary supplements; knowledge; behaviors; practices
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20.
Holdeman, Nathan Lee.
Validation of a Food Frequency Questionnaire to a 3-day Diet Record in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Degree: MS, Allied Medical Professions, 2010, Ohio State University
► Autism-specific characteristics exacerbate difficulties common in validation studies of typically-developing children and…
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▼ Autism-specific characteristics exacerbate difficulties common in validation studies of typically-developing children and present additional challenges in assessing nutritional status. This comparative study assesses level of agreement for estimated intake of 23 nutrients and nutritional adequacy reported by a FFQ compared to a 3-day diet record in 22 children with ASDs aged 3-9 years. Parents or caregivers completed 3-day diet records and FFQs. Nutritional adequacy was defined as <100% EAR/AI. Correlational analyses included mean nutrient intakes, standard deviations, difference between the means, percent of dietary intake recommendations and tertile groupings to determine level of agreement across methods. In general, a low level of agreement was observed for estimated nutrient intakes. The 3-day diet record reported higher estimates for 17 of 23 nutrients. A moderate level of agreement was observed for approximately 50% of estimated mean nutrient intakes. When grouped into tertiles of intakes, poor agreement was observed for most nutrients. Although both methods were likely to identify individuals with inadequate intakes of key nutrients, level of inadequacy (mean % below EAR/AI) varied across methods for individual nutrients. Mean percentage of the recommended intake levels were above the EAR/AI for 15 and 14 nutrients from the 3-day diet record and FFQ, respectively; potassium, fiber and vitamin D were approximately 50% EAR/AI. A moderate to high level of agreement for nutrient inadequacy was observed for 15 nutrients, including nutrients frequently identified as problematic in children with autism or ASDs. However, the FFQ tended to report lower levels of inadequacy for fiber, calcium and vitamin D. Based on these results, a 3-day diet record seems to be the best choice for estimating nutrient intakes and assessing nutrient adequacy in children with ASDs.
Advisors/Committee Members: Taylor, Christopher.
Subjects: Nutrition
Keywords: autism; dietary intake assessment; food freqency questionnaire; children; nutrition
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21.
Holdgreve, Brooke Ann.
Core Muscle Endurance and Its Relationship to Functional Balance and Motor Play Skills in Kindergartners.
Degree: MS, Allied Medical Professions, 2012, Ohio State University
► Development of balance and functional motor skills in children is a complex…
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▼ Development of balance and functional motor skills in children is a complex phenomenon that requires the interaction of many systems. There is not currently one reliable, practical, play-based method to measure the musculoskeletal contribution of the trunk to balance and gross motor function in young children. AIM: To investigate relationships between anthropometrics, age, measures of trunk muscle strength, and functional measures of balance and gross motor skill in Kindergarten children enrolled in regular education. METHODS: Twenty participants, 7 male, 13 female (mean age: 5yr 8mo), assessed with 1) Prone Extension timed hold test 2) Supine Flexion timed hold test 3) Functional Reach Test (FRT), and 4) three subtests (Balance; Running Speed and Agility; Strength) of the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Performance-2nd edition (BOT-2). Anthropometric data was collected for height and weight to be analyzed as possible confounding variables. RESULTS: The only variables that were significantly correlated were height and weight (r= .834 p < .01). There was a moderate correlation at a marginally significant level between 2 of the BOT-2 subtests: Running Speed/Agility and Strength (r= .428 p < .06). INTERPRETATION: The positional hold tests may not be valid measures of core muscle strength. There is neither a clear relationship between core muscle control and balance nor core muscle control and overall motor function. Overall body strength, such as measured by the BOT-2 subtest, may relate more to functional motor performance than isolated core muscle strength.
Advisors/Committee Members: Larsen, Deborah.
Subjects: Health Sciences; Physical Therapy
Keywords: strength; balance; children; motor skills
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22.
Johnson, Kimberly Lynn.
The Structure and Implementation of Respiratory Therapy Orientation for Clinical Staff in Acute Care Hospitals.
Degree: MS, Allied Medical Professions, 2011, Ohio State University
► BACKGROUND: The healthcare industry relies on hospitals to employ competent individuals providing…
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▼ BACKGROUND: The healthcare industry relies on hospitals to employ competent individuals providing care to patients in many different specialties. There is a lack of research available that effectively describes the current state of Respiratory Therapy department orientation. The purposes of this study were to describe how respiratory therapy department managers have structured their new employee orientations programs to verify competency (using the competencies from the AARC’s 2015 and Beyond) and describe how these programs were designed to meet the JC standards. METHODS: This study was executed through the use of survey research methodology and used the list serves for the national Management and Education Section Memberships of the AARC to distribute the survey invitation email, which totaled 2,907 members. A request was made in the email for the recipient to forward the survey to the individual in the department who is responsible for new employee orientation. Thirty-seven of the sixty-nine competencies outlined in the 2015 & Beyond initiative were selected. The JC standards originated from the Human Resources section of the 2010 Hospital Accreditation Program Standards. RESULTS: From 449 respondents who accessed the online survey, 333 met the inclusion criteria. Fifty-five percent of respondents described their hospital type as a community hospital, 30.1% as Academic/Teaching, 4.0% as Children’s, and under the other option respondents listed types of hospitals as: LTACHs, specialty, and cardiology. Forty-two percent of respondents described their hospital location as urban, 30.6% as suburban, and 26.9% rural. Two hundred twenty-six (77%) respondents indicated newly hired staff therapists receive individualized orientation programs based on their needs or passed experience. Individuals responsible for conducting newly hired staff therapist orientation reported that additional training had been completed in order to be qualified to assure new staff competency. Of the AARC 2015 and Beyond competencies, 36 of the selected 37 were most frequently assessed with the observation of performing task (check-off) option. Only 8 out of 37 competencies were not assessed by greater than 25% of respondents. The JC topics for assessment used mixed methods, most commonly computer based learning, lecture, and handouts. All JC topics in the survey were covered by greater than 95% of respondents except for early warning signs of a changing patient condition. Significant differences were found between competency assurance for both location and hospital type for several competencies. Probationary periods of 60-90 days were frequently reported as a timeframe where new employees were expected demonstrate competency prior to termination. CONCLUSION: RT departments are qualified and excelling in assessing competency for new staff therapists and should continue to incorporate advanced skills for the 2015 & Beyond initiative. Methods used to assess competency should incorporate those beyond traditional tests and check-offs. Departments should consider the use of simulators due to the added benefits of learning retention, critical thinking, and teamwork skills.
Advisors/Committee Members: Varekojis, Sarah.
Subjects: Health Care; Health Care Management
Keywords: Respiratory therapy; respiratory care; orientation; training; competency; assessment methods
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23.
Jones, Kevin Allen.
Automated Coding, Billing, and Documentation Support for Endoscopy Procedures.
Degree: MS, Allied Medical Professions, 2012, Ohio State University
► Clinical documentation has become extremely robust over the last decade with sophisticated…
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▼ Clinical documentation has become extremely robust over the last decade with sophisticated algorithms to codify data for quality and operational improvements; however some electronic medical record systems are now adding billing data to create charge by documentation. This not only saves time for staff coding cases but creates an important link between the clinical documentation and charges. This one year retrospective case study analyzes one such application that codes endoscopy procedures based on the documentation to compare the automated coding method with manual physician billing to determine the efficacy of charge by documentation.
Advisors/Committee Members: Patterson, Emily.
Subjects: Health Care Management
Keywords: Charge by documentation; CPT coding; ICD-9-CM; ICD9; Endoscopy Billing; Endoscopy Charges; Automated Charge Entry
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24.
Kuck, Jennifer M.
DIFFERENCES IN DIETARY PATTERNS BY BREAKFAST CONSUMPTION AND WEIGHT STATUS IN US ADOLESCENCE.
Degree: MS, Allied Medical Professions, 2008, Ohio State University
► Dietary habits are a key component of weight maintenance practices. Data was…
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▼ Dietary habits are a key component of weight maintenance practices. Data was obtained from adolescents (13-18 years of age, n=3,303) with complete dietary intake, height, and weight information. Adolescent breakfast patterns data were assessed from 1999-2002 NHANES. Body mass index-for-age percentiles were stratified into four weight categories: underweight (UW), normal weight (NW); overweight (OW); and obese (OB). The percent of breakfast consumption and contribution of breakfast intakes to total nutrient intakes were compared by weight status. Foods consumed at breakfast were sorted into discrete categories. OB and OW adolescents were significantly less likely to consume breakfast than NW adolescents. Roughly one-quarter of total daily intakes of energy, protein, saturated fat and added sugars were consumed during breakfast; OB adolescents had significantly greater proportions of meat and discretionary solid fat from breakfast than NW adolescents. NW adolescents were more likely to eat cereal and milk.
Advisors/Committee Members: Taylor, Christopher.
Subjects: Behaviorial sciences; Health; Health education; Nutrition
Keywords: adolescent, breakfast, obesity, diet, nutrition, meals
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25.
Kuhls, Jenna Perry.
CURRENT FOOD USAGE PATTERNS, HABITS, AND PREFERENCES OF FOOD PANTRY CLIENTS IN CENTRAL OHIO.
Degree: MS, Allied Medical Professions, 2011, Ohio State University
► The changing demographics of food pantry users, including an increase in children,…
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▼ The changing demographics of food pantry users, including an increase in children, older adults, and diverse populations, requires an examination of the needs and preferences of food pantry clients. Information relative to needs, types, and amount of food from families who rely on food pantries for foods is very important in creating a pantry that best meets the clients’ preferences. The objective of this study was to examine the current food usage patterns, habits, and preferences of food pantry clients to make recommendations for improvement in food pantry distribution. The analysis is based upon 64 interviews with food pantry clients throughout Central Ohio, conducted from February through April 2011. The threaded open-ended questionnaire was developed by experts in food pantry delivery. Data transcribed from the audio-recorded interviews were analyzed by identifying, coding, and categorizing primary patterns/themes in the data. Three themes emerged and highlight that food pantry clients report (1) a need for more food, (2) preferred having a choice in the foods they received, and (3) were appreciative of pantry services. In addition sub-themes noted that food pantry clients need toiletries and would like some nutrition education for the chronically ill family members. The findings suggest the need for food pantry distribution to allow choice and for a need to distribute more food per family member.
Advisors/Committee Members: Wolf, Kay.
Subjects: Nutrition
Keywords: food pantry client; food preferences; food habits; food insecurity
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26.
Kwon, Clara.
Health Students' Perceptions of Food Pantry Practices and Clients.
Degree: MS, Allied Medical Professions, 2011, Ohio State University
► The prevalence of food insecurity has increased over the past few years,…
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▼ The prevalence of food insecurity has increased over the past few years, and some studies have shown that food insecurity can have health implications associated with chronic diseases. Food insecure families rely on food pantries to meet their food needs. In addition to physical needs, social issues also influence health according to the socio-ecological model. Health students as future healthcare providers can bridge environmental considerations and social responsibility to promote health. The Health Belief Model states that beliefs mitigate actions, thus the aim of this study was to determine allied health students’ beliefs regarding food pantry practices and their clients. Students enrolled in an Allied Health Management course at The Ohio State University were invited to respond to an online survey which consisted of 18 items with statements regarding foods provided in food pantries, distribution practices, and characteristics of food pantry clients. Survey items were scaled from 1 = strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Mean score for the item “Food pantry clients should be assured of safe food choices (sealed containers, prior to expiration dates)” was 4.7 + 0.6 (mean + SD), indicated that students nearly strongly agreed with this item. Students least agreed with the item “Food pantry clients are “Most food pantry clients are lazy” with a mean score of 1.9 + 0.8. Students were most divided regarding the item “There is no stigma in using a food pantry” with a mean score of 2.6 + 1.2. Most students were neutral regarding specific types of foods provided to clients, however were nearly strongly agree that foods should be balanced across food groups. Students were neutral regarding the item “Anyone coming to a food pantry requesting help should receive food” and nearly agree with the item “Potential clients should prove they need food from the food pantry. In conclusion, allied health students may or may not promote food pantries as an acceptable method of obtaining food due to their divided responses to the stigma associated with food pantry use. If they were to promote food pantries, they would be open about the types of foods provided but would promote that foods be balanced across all food groups and were safe to consume.
Advisors/Committee Members: Wolf, Kay.
Subjects: Health Education; Nutrition
Keywords: food pantry; health students; food assistance programs; perceptions; social justice; advocacy
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27.
Lantier, Caitlin E.
A Snack Time Intervention for Children with Developmental Disabilities: Steps to Increase Exploration, Communication, and Participation.
Degree: MS, Allied Medical Professions, 2012, Ohio State University
► Research tells us that nutrition is a crucial component of health throughout…
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▼ Research tells us that nutrition is a crucial component of health throughout our lifetime. Up to 80% of children with developmental disabilities have been reported to have one or more feeding issues. Research tells us that food preferences and dietary habits are established between the ages of two and five years old and has additionally established that the food choices and eating behaviors of others influence young children’s food preferences. Meal times in schools and at home offer the opportunity for children to develop social skills and learn to participate in a mealtime routine with others. It is estimated that approximately two out of three children ages 6 years or younger in the US are in non-parental child-care programs. Feeding studies in children with developmental disabilities have been clinically focused and address the meal time relationship between the child and parental caregiver or the child and a clinician. These feeding interventions, although successful, are individualized for each child. This process to meet specific individual needs would prove to be unrealistic in a childcare setting where the ratio of caregiver to child is often 1:4 or more. The aim of this research was to determine if a family style dining approach to snack time in an inclusive classrooms for children with neurodevelopmental and related disabilities aged 2-4 years old would impact interest and exploration of a variety of foods as well as improve interest in social interaction and engagement in meal time practices of all children involved. A convenience sample of 4 subjects was chosen from an inclusive preschool classroom at the Early Childhood Education center of The Ohio State University. The snack time intervention lasted for eight days over a two-week period. Videos were taken on the first and last day of the intervention for data collection. Results showed an increase in exploration and communication between the first and last day of the intervention. Participation in the snack time routine decreased due to successful implementation by a particular caregiver paired with a particular subject during the first day of the intervention. Overall qualitative analysis indicated an increase in participation measured by passing of bowls and plates increased on behalf of the entire group participating in the intervention period. Family style dining is an effective approach to increasing exploration of food, participation in snack time routines, and communication with peers due to the nature of the meal time design. It encourages children to take an active role in the meal time routine and increases their interest in trying new foods. With thorough teacher or caregiver training and practice, family style dining is a successful approach to increasing food exploration, communication with others, and participation in the meal time routine. This study reinforces the importance for teacher training in nutrition in childcare.
Advisors/Committee Members: Nahikian-Nelms, Marcia.
Subjects: Early Childhood Education; Nutrition; Occupational Therapy
Keywords: Family style dining; developmental disabilities; picky eating; selective eating; problem eating; snack time in preschools of children with developmental disabilities; eating and children with developmental disabilities
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28.
Locklear, Brittany Renee.
Continuing Competency: An Evaluation for Retention 180 Days After the Annual Competency Assurance Program.
Degree: MS, Allied Medical Professions, 2011, Ohio State University
► Background: Respiratory therapists at a large metropolitan academic medical center completed an…
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▼ Background: Respiratory therapists at a large metropolitan academic medical center completed an Annual Competency Assurance Program (ACAP) to assess competency through performing procedures and cognitive assessments. Objective: The purpose of this study is to: 1) determine if there is a statistically significant difference in retention of performance procedure scores and cognitive assessment scores 180 days after ACAP, 2) with and without the use of electronic educational intervention. Methods: Eighteen therapists who attended 2010 ACAP were recruited to participate in the study. Participants were randomly divided into two groups receiving either electronic educational intervention (experimental group) or no electronic educational intervention (control group). Each volunteer in the study participated in a short recreation of ACAP, completing two performance procedures: tracheostomy tube change (infrequently performed procedure) and a bronchoalveolar lavage (frequently performed procedure). Both performance procedures were conducted, evaluated, and graded using the original criteria from ACAP. The volunteers also completed a multiple choice cognitive assessment, with questions pertaining to the performance procedures. The cognitive assessment was conducted and graded using the original criteria from ACAP. Results: Compared to the ACAP scores both groups showed a decline on all four measures on the 180 day posttest scores. The BAL performance score fell below the minimum competency level. The tracheostomy tube change performance had a statically significant change, p = 0.04, although the scores declined. Conclusion: Three of the four measures remained above the minimum competency level, although all scores declined, suggesting some retention.
Advisors/Committee Members: Douce, Herb.
Subjects: Behavioral Sciences; Continuing Education; Educational Evaluation; Health Care; Health Education; Medicine
Keywords: continuing competency; competency assurance; competency; virtual simulation and cognitive assessment; respiratory therapy
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29.
Lusk, David Michael.
An Evaluative Study of User Satisfaction and Documentation Compliance: Using an Electronic Medical Record in an Emergency Department.
Degree: MS, Allied Medical Professions, 2010, Ohio State University
► With a general lack of knowledge regarding electronic medical records in the…
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▼ With a general lack of knowledge regarding electronic medical records in the ED, the objectives of this study were to solicit user satisfaction and measure documentation compliance of an ED EMR six years post implementation. User satisfaction was measured using a survey instrument, while documentation compliance was measured by conducting a retrospective patient chart audit analysis across two EDs in the same health system. One ED utilized the EMR, while the other was still using paper charting. ANOVAs were calculated to determine significant difference of socio-demographic variables across survey responses. A total of 106 (35%) users completed the survey and means indicated that respondents were generally satisfied with the ED EMR. Both age range and user role in the ED showed significant difference across survey categories. T-tests and Fisher Exact Tests were calculated to determine significant difference of chart compliance between EDs. Patient chart audits showed an overall significant difference between the EMR (98 percent compliant) as compared to paper charting (86 percent compliant), along with several chart components (14 out of 23) that were significantly different and favored the EMR over the paper process. Both studies conducted should continue to be a permanent, ongoing effort by health systems to continue to measure and improve ED EMR usability and long term sustainability.
Advisors/Committee Members: Brodnik, Melanie.
Subjects: Health care; Information Systems; Technology
Keywords: electronic medical records, EMR, emergency department, health information technology, user satisfaction, compliance, documentation compliance, ED EMR, ED
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