Department: International Studies - Latin America ![[clear]](close-x.png "Remove this limiter")
21 matches in the database.
These are records: 1 - 21.
Did you mean instcode:ohio?
1.
Bertozzi, Carlos Alberto Milani.
Collor de Mello: a Brazilian Neopopulist leader?.
Degree: MA, International Studies - Latin America, 2001, Ohio University
► The focus of this study is former Brazilian President Fernando Affonso Collor…
(more)
▼ The focus of this study is former Brazilian President Fernando Affonso Collor de Mello (1990-1992), his behavioral patterns and leadership style. This study will be conducted through the analysis of books and journal articles regarding leadership theories and approaches as well as populism and neopopulism. To assess Collor's behavior, literature will also be used, but primary sources will be crucial, and his discourse will be analyzed, based on his speeches. Concluding this study, the reader will have a complete analysis of Collor's leadership skills and his neopopulist characteristics. The analysis of leadership, power, coercion and leadership theories led to the conclusion that Collor was a leader, but maybe not an effective leader, if his term is considered as a whole. Collor was a portrait of a neopopulist President, as he had almost all the characteristics and behaviors other Latin American populist Presidents had.
Advisors/Committee Members: Walker, Thomas.
Keywords: Collor de Mello; leadership; populism; neopopulism; Brazil
More Like This
2.
Bibler, Jared S.
The Ideological Underpinnings of the Revolutionary Organization of the People in Arms.
Degree: MA, International Studies - Latin America, 2007, Ohio University
► The signing of a final peace accord in 1996 signaled the end…
(more)
▼ The signing of a final peace accord in 1996 signaled the end of a devastating civil war that had plagued the country of Guatemala for 36 years. The opposition consisted of four political military groups including the Revolutionary Organization of the People in Arms (Organización Revolucionaria del Pueblo en Armas - ORPA). For seventeen years ORPA carried out military and political actions against the government, and in the atmosphere of the Cold War were quickly dismissed as a Communist organization. This paper explores the role Marxism and liberation theology played in the organization’s ideology. It argues that even though the organization may have incorporated elements of both into their own ideology, they were a revolutionary nationalist movement attempting to address the ethnic and socioeconomic problems inherent to Guatemala. This paper analyzes ORPA’s discourse as presented during the war in order to gain insight into the ideological underpinnings of the organization.
Advisors/Committee Members: Perla Jr., Hector.
Keywords: Revolutionary Organization of the People in Arms; Organizacion Revolucionaria del Pueblo en Armas; ORPA; Guatemalan Civil War; Latin American Guerrilla Movements; Revolutionary Nationalism; Guatemalan Guerrilla Movements; Rodrigo Asturias
More Like This
3.
Bom Conselho, Thiérs Hofman do.
The Use of the Educational Voucher Program in Brazil: A Socio-Economic Study of an Alternative Educational Funding System in Brazil.
Degree: MA, International Studies - Latin America, 2005, Ohio University
► This study analyzes the potential probability of an implementation of a voucher…
(more)
▼ This study analyzes the potential probability of an implementation of a voucher program in Brazil and its states. By comparing 31 experiences of educational voucher systems around the world, a success/failure index was created to estimate the variables which are determinants for the success or failure of those existing voucher programs. The central question asked is whether an educational voucher system is more likely to be successful in improving Brazilian education. The research hypothesis is that Brazil fulfills the conditions for a successful voucher system. Probit regression analysis was used to estimate a regression model. Using the estimated model and the corresponding socio-economic variable for Brazil, the present study estimates the probability of success of a voucher system in the country and its states. The results indicate that Brazil seems to fulfill the requirements for the successful implementation of a voucher program.
Advisors/Committee Members: Chimeli, Ariaster.
Keywords: Educational voucher; Brazilian education; Voucher programs; Funding education; Econometrics probit analysis; Voucher program in Brazil
More Like This
4.
Cancado, Luciana P.
Economic Growth: Panel Data Evidence from Latin America.
Degree: MA, International Studies - Latin America, 2005, Ohio University
► This paper is concerned with the impacts of various growth determinants on…
(more)
▼ This paper is concerned with the impacts of various growth determinants on the per capita growth rate in Latin America. The choice of explanatory variables is based on the framework proposed by Barro and Sala-i-Martin (1999). Panel data technique is used to estimate the growth regression using data on seventeen Latin American countries from 1952 to 2000. The regression results show evidence of conditional convergence among the countries studied, pointing to the need for an upward shift in the steady-state level of the region. The results indicate that per capita growth in Latin America increases with an increase of the life expectancy, openness and investment. On the other hand, the initial level of GDP per capita, government spending and the polity score are found to be negatively related to the per capita growth rate. A puzzling finding is that schooling is not a significant determinant for growth in Latin America.
Advisors/Committee Members: Paxton, Julia.
Subjects: Economics, General
Keywords: Economic growth; Latin America; Convergence; Growth Determinants
More Like This
5.
Casaperalta Velazquez, Edyael Del Carmen.
INFLUENCE OF TRAJECTORY AND AGENCY ON STRATEGIES OF INCORPORATION AND IDENTITY OF IMMIGRANT YOUTH: A CASE STUDY OF NEW LIFE HIGH SCHOOL.
Degree: MA, International Studies - Latin America, 2007, Ohio University
► This thesis shifts the hegemonic assimilationist framework used to research and theorize…
(more)
▼ This thesis shifts the hegemonic assimilationist framework used to research and theorize immigrant youth incorporation and identity development to focus on the experience of the immigrant, the immigration trip, and his/her agency. Using Feminist of Color Thought and Social Identity Theory, it theorizes immigrant identity as multifaceted, constantly negotiated, and fluid. In doing so, it introduces, trajectory as a research concept, redefines agency as the decision-making and negotiation power of immigrant youth, and tests the influence both have on the strategies of incorporation and identity of immigrant youth at New Life High School. This thesis seeks to deconstruct the image of powerless immigrant youth by highlighting their power to decide and negotiate their incorporation and identity in the host country, and to create resistance, resiliency, and hope from challenging situations.
Advisors/Committee Members: Perla, Hector.
Keywords: immigrant youth identity; immigrant youth; immigrant identity; feminist of color thought; immigration studies; social identity theory; Rio Grande Valley
More Like This
6.
Coelho Neto, Fernando.
The Effects of Globalization on Brazilian Labor Market During the 1990’s.
Degree: MA, International Studies - Latin America, 2002, Ohio University
► This paper will analyze the situation of the Brazilian labor market, emphasizing…
(more)
▼ This paper will analyze the situation of the Brazilian labor market, emphasizing the period since the beginning of the neoliberal structural adjustments (1990). It will first discuss the issue of unemployment and the phenomenon of globalization. Such an analysis will begin by addressing with the role of the technological revolution and its impact in shaping the new world of labor. The analysis will continue with a brief discussion of international economic history as a context for understanding the new international division of labor and its effects on labor markets worldwide. Then, this study will focus upon three neoliberal structural adjustments in Brazil: trade liberalization, stabilization of the economy and privatization. Finally, this paper will provide conclusions about the effect of globalization on the Brazilian labor market during the 90’s.
Advisors/Committee Members: Ghazalah, Ismail.
Subjects: Economics, Labor
Keywords: Brazil; Labor Market; Globalization; Unemployment; Neoliberal Structural Adjustments
More Like This
7.
Conte, Carolina Siqueira.
THE INTERACTION OF ECONOMICS AND POLITICS IN BRAZIL DURING THE MILITARY DICTATORSHIP.
Degree: MA, International Studies - Latin America, 2001, Ohio University
► In the period from 1964 to 1985, Brazil experienced a dictatorial regime…
(more)
▼ In the period from 1964 to 1985, Brazil experienced a dictatorial regime and also its greatest economic growth rates. In this study, I will address the most relevant economic and political characteristics of the period of military rule in Brazil, and will establish the historical context which shaped them, emphasizing that political power in Brazil during the military years was legitimized by the commonly-held belief that Brazil's economic growth could exist only under a dictatorial regime. This work is mainly based on research from books, articles and reports about politics and economics of Brazil during the military regime. The conclusion of this investigation stresses that economic problems are always political matters in Brazil. Without economic growth, the military government in Brazil became weak and lost popular support, which ultimately occasioned the return of the democratic regime.
Advisors/Committee Members: Ghazalah, Ismail.
Keywords: Brazil; Latin America; Military Dictatorship; Econimics of Brazil; Politics of Brazil
More Like This
8.
de Souza, Roberta Haikal.
Distributional Impact of an Ethanol-Based Clean Development Mechanism Project In Brazil.
Degree: MA, International Studies - Latin America, 2005, Ohio University
► The global warming threat spurred various corrective measures to reduce Greenhouse Gases…
(more)
▼ The global warming threat spurred various corrective measures to reduce Greenhouse Gases emissions such as the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), which is currently the most prominent instrument. This fact allied with Brazil’s past experience with its ethanol program, made me decide to evaluate if an Ethanol-Based CDM project would be more equitably distributed when compared to current CDM projects in Brazil, since it would affect all municipalities in the country. Tests with current CDM projects confirm that they are concentrated in more developed municipalities. However, tests with an Ethanol-Based CDM project provide counter-intuitive results and show that, although reaching all municipalities in the country, the effects of this type of CDM program would be as concentrated as the effects of current CDM projects in Brazil.
Advisors/Committee Members: Chimeli, Ariaster B.
Subjects: Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Ethanol; Distributional Impact; CDM; Brazil
More Like This
9.
Donato, Roberta Mourão.
Globalization and Trade Relations: the US and Brazilian Orange Juice Dispute.
Degree: MA, International Studies - Latin America, 2006, Ohio University
► Globalization has altered the world’s functioning and it is affecting trade disputes.…
(more)
▼ Globalization has altered the world’s functioning and it is affecting trade disputes. Three ways in which globalization can alter trade disputes are: i.) trade barriers and protectionism generated by political economic motives, ii.) blurred national lines, and iii.) market concentration. Each of these aspects of globalization can be exemplified using the case of the dispute of US and Brazil over orange juice. In this industry, large international conglomerates end up lobbying for their private, not national interests. The most important findings of the study are that a very organized association can have the same power of a concentrated market and that concentration leads to more efficiency in the achievement of protectionist measures. When companies need inputs from several countries to produce their goods and have companies located in several countries, national lines become blurred. They lobby governments to engage in disputes in order to protect companies installed in their territory, independent of their nationality.
Advisors/Committee Members: Paxton, Julie A.
Subjects: Economics, Commerce - Business
Keywords: globalization; trade relations; Brazil and US orange juice dispute
More Like This
10.
Duarte, Rafael Clever Gomes.
Cultural Issues: A Barrier to the Development of E-Business Activities in Brazil.
Degree: MA, International Studies - Latin America, 2004, Ohio University
► To buy and sell to every nation in the world is the…
(more)
▼ To buy and sell to every nation in the world is the common goal, particularly among those who have access, make use of, and negotiate through the Internet. These Internet users desire the reasonable and rationally well regulated freedom without limitations to conduct business and otherwise make use of the resources and facilities existing in this virtual world. However, they often neglect the problems of the real and virtual worlds that might impede the development of Internet-based activities. This thesis will discuss how cultural traits have been an obstruction to the economic and commercial expansion of Brazil's domestic and international trade through e-business. It will present a comparative analysis and parametric approach to facilitate the understanding of the negative impact of this problem on the improvement and growth of e-business in Brazil.
Advisors/Committee Members: Frost, Raymond.
Subjects: Economics, Commerce - Business
Keywords: E-business; E-Commerce; Internet Activities; Brazil; Cultural Traits; Cultural Issues
More Like This
11.
Fleischer Proaño, Laura Lynn.
Women’s Empowerment and Microcredit in Brazil: A Case Study of the Banco do Povo de Itabira.
Degree: MA, International Studies - Latin America, 2005, Ohio University
► This thesis examines women’s empowerment through access to and control of credit…
(more)
▼ This thesis examines women’s empowerment through access to and control of credit in a case study of the Banco do Povo de Itabira in Brazil. Data were collected from structured interviews with 29 active female repeat borrowers of the Banco do Povo. Women’s participation in the Banco do Povo is empowering because women expand their choices by gaining access to credit, growing their businesses, experiencing increased self-confidence and respect from their families, and reinforcing their status as independent female microentrepreneurs. The pre-conditions of empowerment found here include flexible credit requirements, a gender sensitive institution, and women’s autonomous control of their businesses and finances. Despite women’s success stories, this research recommends that the Banco do Povo loosen loan regulations, provide additional services, and increase outreach to the microentrepreneurs of Itabira. This research also recommends that the Brazilian government support microfinance programs in order to facilitate their positive social and economic impacts.
Advisors/Committee Members: Jokisch, Brad.
Subjects: Women's Studies
Keywords: Microfinance-Latin America; Microcredit-Brazil; Women's Empowerment-Brazil; Women's Empowerment-Latin America; Economic and Social Development-Brazil; Banco do Povo de Itabira-Brazil
More Like This
12.
O’Neil, Sean S.
Thinking in the Spirit: The Emergence of Latin American Pentecostal Scholars and Their Theology of Social Concern.
Degree: MA, International Studies - Latin America, 2003, Ohio University
► Latin American Pentecostalism is often characterized as being either socially and politically…
(more)
▼ Latin American Pentecostalism is often characterized as being either socially and politically conservative or apolitical. Nevertheless, Latin American Pentecostal scholars have expressed progressive political and social concerns. In this thesis, I synthesize Latin American progressive Pentecostal theology and explore the prominence given to the Holy Spirit in such doctrine. I also examine the influences of liberation theology on the movement. I argue that the emergence of progressive Latin American Pentecostal scholars has thus far been an ambiguous phenomenon. These scholars have played an important role in bringing Latin American Pentecostals into the ecumenical sphere. Also, their social doctrine seems to be both spurring and reinforcing social and political concern in some segments of grassroots Latin American Pentecostalism. On the other hand, progressive Pentecostalism has not resonated at the grassroots level to the degree that one might expect, given the marginalized social class base of Latin American Pentecostalism.
Advisors/Committee Members: Walker, Thomas W.
Subjects: Theology
Keywords: Latin American Pentecostalism; Progressive Pentecostalism; Prophetic Pentecostals; Liberation Theology; Pentecostal Scholars; Social Doctrine
More Like This
13.
Overholt, Sarah E.
Access, Equity, and Choice in the Mexican Health System: A Case Study of San Pablo Etla.
Degree: MA, International Studies - Latin America, 2005, Ohio University
► This thesis explores how residents of San Pablo Etla, Oaxaca, Mexico perceive…
(more)
▼ This thesis explores how residents of San Pablo Etla, Oaxaca, Mexico perceive and use available health services in the public and private sector. It determines how perceptions of health services and considerations such as household resources, transportation, and health risks result in patterns of health seeking behaviors. It examines the impact on the ability of individuals and households to access primary care services if public services are viewed as inferior to private health care services. Ethnographic methods of observation and unstructured interviews were used. The choice between public and private health services depends on the ability of the individual or household to seek private services. Perception of public services follows this choice and negative perceptions support the choice to opt out of public health services. Opting out of public services by poor households leads to a reduction in use of primary health care.
Advisors/Committee Members: Jokisch, Brad.
Subjects: Anthropology, Cultural
Keywords: Oaxaca Mexico; Community Health; Public Health; Health Care; Poverty; International Development
More Like This
14.
Rabelo, Ana Carolina D.
The Clean Development Mechanism and its Potential as a Development Tool: A Socio-Economic Study of Communities Hosting Projects in Brazil.
Degree: MA, International Studies - Latin America, 2005, Ohio University
► This study maps, measures, and analyzes the Kyoto Protocol’s Clean Development Mechanism…
(more)
▼ This study maps, measures, and analyzes the Kyoto Protocol’s Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) at a local-level in Brazil based on its relationship to regional inequality. The central question asked is whether CDM projects are biased toward more developed Brazilian communities, thus reinforcing national inequalities. A hypothesis test is developed based on sixteen CDM projects located in twenty-four Brazilian municipalities. The development reference adopted is the United Nation’s Municipal Human Development Index (HDI). The results indicate that CDM projects are biased toward more developed Brazilian municipalities, especially in terms of health, income, and education.
Advisors/Committee Members: Chimeli, Ariaster.
Subjects: History, Latin American
Keywords: Clean Development Mechanism; Kyoto Protocol; Latin America - Brazil; Community Development; International Development; Inequality - Income Distribution
More Like This
15.
Sanchez Melean, Jesus.
THE ROLE OF THE OAS IN THE POLITICAL CRISIS OF VENEZUELA (APRIL 11, 2002- MAY 31, 2003).
Degree: MA, International Studies - Latin America, 2005, Ohio University
► This thesis describes the intervention of the OAS in the Venezuelan political…
(more)
▼ This thesis describes the intervention of the OAS in the Venezuelan political crisis between April 2002 and May 2003. Invoking for first time its Democratic Charter, the OAS became the principal actor in Venezuela using symbolic diplomacy, good offices, and third party mediation. The OAS clearly signaled to domestic and regional actors that antidemocratic actions would not be tolerated in the region and created conditions for local actors to engage in dialogue and negotiation which reduced the level of violence and conflict. Nevertheless, the OAS's intervention in Venezuela reveals the limited consensus among its members as to how the Inter-American Charter should be applied to democratic crises that are beyond the scope of coups and self-coups. Also, the creation of the OAS-backed roundtable and the Group of Friends of Gaviria reveals that the US dictated the terms under which the OAS intervention took place in Venezuela. Sources for the thesis are: published documents; OAS's and Venezuelan government internal documents; interviews with participants; newspapers and magazines of North, Central, and South America; and secondary literature.
Advisors/Committee Members: Walker, Thomas.
Keywords: OAS; VENEZUELA; INTERAMERICAN DEMOCRATIC CHARTER; US-VENEZUELAN RELATIONS
More Like This
16.
Serpa, Flavio A.
Microfinance in Brazil: Government Polices and Their Effects.
Degree: MA, International Studies - Latin America, 2008, Ohio University
► This thesis investigates the policies adopted by the Brazilian president, Mr. Luís…
(more)
▼ This thesis investigates the policies adopted by the Brazilian president, Mr. Luís Ignácio Lula da Silva, as a result of campaign promises towards microfinance. Data were collected from Brazilian government institutions, from microfinance institutions’ websites and from interviews with institutions’ managers. The study analyzes how effective these policies were in fighting the existent barriers upon the sector and promoting its development. After Mr. da Silva’s term, the sector has made significant improvements in the number of institutions, number of clients, and the active loan portfolio volume. Despite the success, however, the government actions did not deepen the sector sustainability and its policies are oriented much more towards microcredit than microfinance, following an old paradigm for finance to the poor. This study recommends that the Brazilian government, as a second step, supports microfinance institutions, through regulations and policies, in order to facilitate their sustainability and lower their dependence on the government.
Advisors/Committee Members: Paxton, Julia A.
Keywords: Microfinance in Brazil; Microfinance; Government Policies in Microfinance; Finance to the poor
More Like This
17.
Thornton, Marilza T.
Environmental Injustice in Brasilia: Who are the People Living in Estrutural and Why?.
Degree: MA, International Studies - Latin America, 2005, Ohio University
► This thesis is a detailed analysis of the factors that contributed to…
(more)
▼ This thesis is a detailed analysis of the factors that contributed to the emergence of environmental injustice in Estrutural, Brasília. It evaluates the current socio-spatial configuration of people and waste in this urban area by drawing a longitudinal comparison showing how hazards and people's relationship to hazards have changed over time. In order to evaluate environmental inequities in Estrutural, first, this thesis addresses the motives that caused socio-spatial segregation and environmental degradation in the city of Brasília by developing a historical-geographical evaluation of Estrutural. Second, it asks who these people are and what their motives are for living in Estrutural by using open-ended questions to interview eleven residents. The goal of this thesis is to contribute to the conceptual framework of environmental justice and to develop a methodology to study environmental injustice in Brazil.
Advisors/Committee Members: Boone, Christopher.
Keywords: Environmental injustice; Zoning; Brasília; Brasilia; Landfill; Community; History
More Like This
18.
Tomelin, Heloisa Suzana Santos.
Access to Higher Education in Brazil.
Degree: MA, International Studies - Latin America, 2002, Ohio University
► This paper will describe the opportunities for higher education in Brazil since…
(more)
▼ This paper will describe the opportunities for higher education in Brazil since the colonial period (1500-2000). It will show the creation of the first institutions of higher education in Brazil and their proliferation in time. In addition, this paper will also provide information about access to elementary and secondary education in order to analyze its impact on access to higher education. It will focus on the long-lasting reduced access to higher education depicting its restriction to segments of the Brazilian society in the basis of race and social class.
Advisors/Committee Members: Walker, Thomas.
Subjects: Education, Higher
Keywords: Brazil; Higher Education; History of Education in Brazil; Access to Higher Education and Income Distribution; Social Inequality and Access to Higher Education
More Like This
19.
Tsutsui, Hiroshi.
The Impacts of Neoliberal Reform on Internal Migration in Mexico: A Comparison Between Indigenous and Non-Indigenous Migration.
Degree: MA, International Studies - Latin America, 2005, Ohio University
► Mexico City has historically been the most important destination for internal migrants.…
(more)
▼ Mexico City has historically been the most important destination for internal migrants. However, a deeper integration of Mexico into the global economy in the last two decades has brought a new dimension to internal migration patterns. Mexico City lost its attractiveness to migrants and became the most significant migrant-sending area of the country, whereas the economically expanding states in the Northern Mexico and an international tourist state in the Yucatán Peninsula emerged as new destinations of internal migration. This study considers the shift to an export-oriented economy after the debt crisis of 1982 as the key factor influencing the new internal migration patterns. The aim of this study is to examine how the new economic development strategy has influenced patterns of internal migration in Mexico. By using net migration data from the 2000 Census, this study attempts to discover whether indigenous migration has experienced patterns similar to or distinct from non-indigenous migration in recent decades. An analysis of net migration data reveals that indigenous and non-indigenous migration showed opposite movements in the Federal District and Sinaloa, among others.
Advisors/Committee Members: Jokish, Brad.
Keywords: Mexico city; Interval Migration; Neoliberal Reform
More Like This
20.
Viana, Daniel M.
COST AND ACCESS TO CREDIT IN BRAZIL.
Degree: MA, International Studies - Latin America, 2006, Ohio University
► This paper investigates the cost and access to credit for individuals and…
(more)
▼ This paper investigates the cost and access to credit for individuals and businesses in Brazil during the last decade. These are two important elements to provide adequate conditions for economic development. Barriers to access to credit in the form of interest spreads are analyzed with descriptive statistics and econometrics. Inflation is found to be positively related to spreads in a relatively stable economy. Despite the fact that this is a highly concentrated market, no evidence is found that concentration is a determinant of higher spreads. The high base interest rates determined by the government are found to cause a crowding out effect in the private credit market.
Advisors/Committee Members: Paxton, Julia A.
Subjects: Economics, Finance
Keywords: Economics; Spreads; Interest Margins
More Like This
21.
Villas-Bôas, Maria Lúcia Soares.
How community gardens function: A case study of “Complexo Aeroporto,” Ribeirão Preto, S.P Brazil.
Degree: MA, International Studies - Latin America, 2006, Ohio University
► For this thesis I study a particular community garden in Brazil, and…
(more)
▼ For this thesis I study a particular community garden in Brazil, and I examine in detail how a community garden functions. In particular, I sought to address the question of how different constituencies, including the government, social activists, and community members interact in the process of running a community garden. Additionally, I examine the obstacles that a new community garden may be faced with and I consider how these obstacles may be overcome. In order to answer these research questions I did a fieldwork study where I collected and analyzed information from different sources, including documents, survey/questionnaires, interviews, and observations. I believe that this study will help to promote new community gardens in Brazil to decrease the amount of social exclusion.
Advisors/Committee Members: Whitson, Risa.
Keywords: Urban Agriculture; Community Garden; Latin American; Poverty; Brazil
More Like This
