Department: International Studies - International Development Studies ![[clear]](close-x.png "Remove this limiter")
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1.
Alexeiko, Maria.
Gender Mainstreaming and Students in the Russian Far East.
Degree: MA, International Studies - International Development Studies, 2005, Ohio University
► This study represents a quantitative comparative analysis of students’ awareness of basic…
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▼ This study represents a quantitative comparative analysis of students’ awareness of basic concepts of gender equality and gender mainstreaming depending on their gender and the type of community where they originate from. The study also examines the differences between academic programs with regard to promoting gender equality. Thus, this study is expected to examine the following questions: (1) Does the level of awareness of gender equality and the main concepts of gender mainstreaming vary significantly depending on the gender of a student and type of community where a student originates from? (2) Is there a significant difference between academic programs in international affairs, public relations, and social anthropology with regard to their promoting issues of gender equality and gender mainstreaming among students? This study also provides recommendations which can be utilized by the universities in the Russian Far East in rethinking their content to ensure an adequate gender representation.
Advisors/Committee Members: Tickamyer, Ann.
Subjects: Women's Studies
Keywords: Gender equality; Gender mainstreaming; Post-Soviet Russia; Russian Far East; Students' awareness
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2.
Binsfeld, Joanna E.
An Examination of the Similarities and Differences between Conflict Resolution Programs at a Public Elementary School and a Democratic-Based Private Elementary School.
Degree: MA, International Studies - International Development Studies, 2004, Ohio University
► This thesis is an examination of conflict resolution programs at a public…
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▼ This thesis is an examination of conflict resolution programs at a public elementary school and a democratic-based, private elementary school. The particular focus is examining the similarities of the conflict resolution programs, the differences of the programs and finally the teachers’ attitudes towards the programs. There were four means of collecting research: classroom/school observations, questionnaires disseminated to the teachers at each school, document analysis, and interviews.
Advisors/Committee Members: Hutchinson, Jaylynne.
Keywords: Conflict Resolution; Elementary Schools; Conflict Resolution Programs
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3.
Bombardiere, Ysabel Estrada.
The Potential of Anaerobic Digestion Technology to Treat Coffee Waste in Huatusco, Mexico.
Degree: MA, International Studies - International Development Studies, 2006, Ohio University
► This research proposes a system that uses the waste generated by coffee…
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▼ This research proposes a system that uses the waste generated by coffee processing to generate biogas and fertilizer, called AD-Coffee Waste System (AD-CWS). The biogas will be used to dry coffee beans and the fertilizer will be sold. Through this study it was proven that AD-CWS is feasibility. AD-CWS will not only eliminate coffee processing waste discharge into waterways, but it will also generate revenue through fertilizer and methane sales. At this time, further studies are needed to verify the biogas yield from coffee pulp at thermophilic temperatures (above 55°C) in order to properly forecast revenues. Enforcement of environmental laws in Mexico will result in fines to the coffee industry for discharging coffee waste into waterways, increasing coffee processing operating costs. AD-CWS can help the coffee industry comply with environmen¬tal regulations and avoid fines.
Advisors/Committee Members: Botte, Gerardine G.
Keywords: Anaerobic Digestion; Biogas yield; Coffee waste; Coffee pulp; Energy from waste; Biodigester; Mexico; Anaerobic; Fermentation; Coffee; Tropical crops; Waste management; Economic model; Fertilizer
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4.
Coonan, Patrick James.
The Language Debate in Cape Verde.
Degree: MA, International Studies - International Development Studies, 2007, Ohio University
► In many countries around the world, controversy surrounds state policy on language.…
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▼ In many countries around the world, controversy surrounds state policy on language. The West African archipelago of Cape Verde is no exception. Ever since the country’s independence from Portugal in 1975, a movement of bilingual Cape Verdeans has spearheaded planning efforts for the national language (Cape Verdean Creole) in an attempt to build the case for making it the country’s co-official language. Nevertheless, these individuals face resistance from others who view the project as an attempt to marginalize the current official language (Portuguese) and/or regional dialects of Cape Verdean Creole. This study looks at texts taken from the discourse of language policy in Cape Verde in order to identify the language ideologies, i.e. “sets of beliefs about language articulated by users as a rationalization or justification of perceived language structure or use” (Silverstein, 1979, p.497), that Cape Verdeans use to support or to resist certain language policy and planning options.
Advisors/Committee Members: Tickamyer, Ann R.
Keywords: West Africa; Cape Verde; Language Policy; Ideology; Language Planning; Nationalism
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5.
Degia, Haajima.
Ethnic Minority Dominance in a Small-Island-Developing-State and the Implications for Development: The Case of Barbados.
Degree: MA, International Studies - International Development Studies, 2007, Ohio University
► Compared to other Caribbean islands’ heterogeneity, Barbados’ population has historically consisted of…
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▼ Compared to other Caribbean islands’ heterogeneity, Barbados’ population has historically consisted of a black, African descended majority, and a minority Caucasian European descended group. The discourse on inequality and the articulation of differences in Barbados have always centered on a black-white dichotomy, and the categorization system has thus almost always been one based on ‘race’ rather than ‘ethnicity.’ A growing East Indian population that constitutes two distinct ethnic minority East Indian groups; the Sindhis and Gujratis, has lent an added cultural complexity to the Barbadian society. These minority groups’ location and relative economic success within the wider society as commercial minorities has meant that the hitherto focus on binary racial categorizations and the perception of the white minority as the sole market dominant group needs to be amended. The use of the term ‘ethnic group’ in this study does not direct research attention away from race, but instead demonstrates an interest in how groups, as self-conscious collective actors, define themselves in relation to others. This qualitative study seeks to examine the historically central role of racial categorization in Barbados, its relationship to ethnic-dominant minorities, and the perceptions that each group in Barbados has about race and ethnic dominance.
Advisors/Committee Members: Ciekawy, Diane.
Keywords: Ethnic-Dominant Minority; Ethnicity; Race; Structural Advantages and Disadvantages
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6.
Dutra, Paula Hebling.
Institution Interaction and Regime Purpose - Considerations Based on TRIPS/CBD.
Degree: MA, International Studies - International Development Studies, 2007, Ohio University
► This thesis discusses interaction between international regimes, concentrating on regime overlap in…
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▼ This thesis discusses interaction between international regimes, concentrating on regime overlap in light of the differentiation between purposes of international regimes. From this wide number of international agreements in the international system, this thesis argues that agreements can be created with different purposes: they can have a self-interest purpose or a moral purpose. These different purposes will be translated into the objectives of the agreements and will influence other characteristics of the agreements. Overlapping regimes gives a chance for countries to engage in forum shopping and choose the institution that best suits their interests. Powerful developed countries will take issues that are of their interest to self-interest purpose institutions and try to keep some issues in moral purpose agreements. These general considerations are going to be applied to a specific case of interaction: the relationship between the TRIPS and the CBD.
Advisors/Committee Members: Mosher, James S.
Keywords: International Agreement Interaction; Regime Overlap; International Regime Purpose; Forum Shopping; Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights; Convention on Biological Diversity
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7.
Gonzalez Parada, Ximena.
Civil Society Participation: A Case Study of Neighborhood Councils in Antofagasta, Chile.
Degree: MA, International Studies - International Development Studies, 2009, Ohio University
► Civil society is a main attribute of democracy, however democracy as well…
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▼ Civil society is a main attribute of democracy, however democracy as well as participation holds a normative value, which in real life is created and reproduced in a process of socialization. Thus, people’s participation is influenced by a set of social forces that shape and control people’s interaction in the social realm. This raises important questions about the quality and effect of peoples’ participation within democratic current societies. I argue that participation is a phenomenon in a continuing process of construction, where cultural as well as material resources influence its development and shape its outcomes at different levels and at different periods of time. This study proposes to empirically study the character and effects of current forms of participation taking place within neighborhood councils in Antofagasta, Chile in order to better understand their role in reaching democratic principles as well as economic and social development.
Advisors/Committee Members: Walker, Thomas.
Keywords: Participation; Civil society; Chile; Grass-Roots Organizations
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8.
Guo, Yeheng.
Linder's Hypothesis Revisited: A Study on China and 13 Other Countries in Three Different Income Level Groups from 1981 to 2004.
Degree: MA, International Studies - International Development Studies, 2006, Ohio University
► This research paper conducted Linder’s hypothesis on China and 13 other developed…
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▼ This research paper conducted Linder’s hypothesis on China and 13 other developed and developing countries for period from 1981 to 2004. The 13 countries are divided into three different groups according to their income level. The tests were conducted for each group for both entire period and three sub-periods (1981-1992, 1993-2000 and 2001-2004). From the test we found Linder’s effect for both high and lower middle income group. However there is no clear evidence showing low income group has Linder’s effect.
Advisors/Committee Members: Li, Jie-Li.
Subjects: Economics, Theory
Keywords: Linder's Hypothesis; international trade; income level; China; income similarity effect
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9.
James, Treasa M.
The Role of Social Capital in the Empowerment of Individuals with Visual Impairment: The Case of Antigua and Barbuda.
Degree: MA, International Studies - International Development Studies, 2007, Ohio University
► This research paper examines the contributions that social capital makes to the…
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▼ This research paper examines the contributions that social capital makes to the development of individuals with visual impairment (IVIs) in Antigua and Barbuda. The research was mounted as case study to ascertain the existence, and extent of social capital vis-à-vis IVIs and explores four key determinants of social capital, namely, social inclusion, access to resources, reciprocity and cultural norms and values. The central idea of social capital is that social networks and relationships have economic value. The methods employed in this study were qualitative and included open-ended in-depth interviews. The results of this study indicate that IVIs have diminished access to resources, limited and one-way social inclusion and experience a reality of rejection and illusionary contribution to the society. Founded on the premise that IVIs have a lessened capacity to build social capital, this study argues that IVIs in Antigua and Barbuda require the assistance of governments and civil society organizations to help them develop a sense of belonging and ownership of the shared resources of their country.
Advisors/Committee Members: Godwyll, Francis E.
Keywords: Handicap; Disability; Impairment; Visual Impairment; Social Capital; Civil Society Organizations
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10.
Johnson, Troy A.
ISLAMIC STUDENT ORGANIZATIONS AND DEMOCRATIC DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA: THREE CASE STUDIES.
Degree: MA, International Studies - International Development Studies, 2006, Ohio University
► This thesis describes how and to what extent three Islamic student organizations…
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▼ This thesis describes how and to what extent three Islamic student organizations – Muhammadiyah youth groups, Kesatuan Aksi Mahasiswa Muslim Indonesia (KAMMI), and remaja masjid – are developing habits of democracy amongst Indonesia's Muslim youth. It traces Indonesia's history of student activism and the democratic movement of 1998 against the background of youth violence and Islamic radicalism. The paper describes how these organizations have developed democratic habits and values in Muslim youth and the programs that they carry out towards democratic socialization in a nation that still has little understanding of how democratic government works. The thesis uses a theoretical framework for evaluating democratic education developed by Freireian scholar Ira Shor. Finally, it argues that Islamic student organizations are making strides in their efforts to promote inclusive habits of democracy amongst Indonesia's youth.
Advisors/Committee Members: Collins, Elizabeth F.
Subjects: Anthropology, Cultural
Keywords: Indonesia; Islam; Youth; Education; Development; Democracy
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11.
Kashima, Takashi.
Phenomenological Research on the Intercultural Sensitivity of Returned Peace Corps Volunteers in the Athens Community.
Degree: MA, International Studies - International Development Studies, 2006, Ohio University
► This study investigates how the Returned Peace Corps Volunteers developed their intercultural…
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▼ This study investigates how the Returned Peace Corps Volunteers developed their intercultural sensitivity through their subjective intercultural experiences during their Peace Corps tenure from phenomenological perspectives. Eight Returned Peace Corps Volunteers in the Athens community participated in personal interviews and took the Intercultural Development Inventory for assessing their worldview. The triangulation of both data addressed the demystification of the process of intercultural sensitivity development from different angles. The participants’ unique intercultural experiences, their reflection on those experiences, and the results of their psychometric assessment revealed six significant emergent categories of phenomena in their intercultural sensitivity development: the significant linkages between their cognitive emphasis on cultural differences and similarities, and their progression of worldview. Overall, this study explored the developmental process of the Returned Peace Corps Volunteers who bridged huge cultural differences. Their empirical narratives and findings from this study help in designing intercultural training for other Americans to transcend from ethnocentrism.
Advisors/Committee Members: Li, Jieli.
Keywords: Intercultural Communication; Peace Corps; Intercultural Sensitivity; Intercultural Development Inventory
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12.
Korn, George M.
The Rise of the Garments and Textiles Manufacturing Industries in Honduras: East Asian Manufacturers’ Investment in Honduras.
Degree: MA, International Studies - International Development Studies, 2005, Ohio University
► Over the past two decades, one of the most significant developments in…
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▼ Over the past two decades, one of the most significant developments in the garments and textiles industries has been the rise of the global manufacturing triangle, consisting of American and Western European retailers and distributors, East Asian contractors, and Caribbean manufacturers. This study examines East Asian garments and textiles manufacturing investment in Honduras, as an increasing number of East Asian firms have relocated their production units in Export Processing Zones in Honduras. Data was collected from personal interviews with government officials and East Asian manufacturers in Honduras and various statistical sources. The study argues that East Asian manufacturers have invested in Honduras not only for lower wages and its proximity to the US market but also for the Honduran government’s business friendly policies and the import quotas imposed by the US government. Helped by East Asian manufacturers’ investment, Honduras has emerged as a global production site of garments and textiles.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kim, Yeong-Hyun.
Keywords: Honduras; Garments; Textiles; East Asia
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13.
Krasnogolov, Vitaliya O.
Inter Country Analysis of the Effects of Official Development Assistance in Developing Countries on Economic Growth.
Degree: MA, International Studies - International Development Studies, 2003, Ohio University
► The thesis investigates the impact of foreign aid on economic growth in…
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▼ The thesis investigates the impact of foreign aid on economic growth in developing economies. Although the question of foreign aid is an old one, it has a special significance in current research in the light of fundamental institutional changes in the recipient countries. In particular, the author tests the hypothesis, which prevails in studies on the effectiveness of foreign aid in developing countries, that the impact of foreign aid is not significant. Cross-sectional time-series analysis of growth performance of a subset of 29 developing countries is used to determine the possible effect of aid on economic growth. The developed model together with aid-to-GDP ratio variable includes growth determinants such as school enrolment, government consumption, Misery index, and world GDP growth rate to account for business cycle. The results of the study indicate that no consistent link exists between aid and growth in a typical developing economy.
Advisors/Committee Members: Vedder, Richard.
Subjects: Economics, General
Keywords: Foreign Aid; Economic Growth
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14.
Kurbanova, Mohira R.
The Role of Traditional Gender Ideologies in the Empowerment of Women in Post Soviet Uzbekistan.
Degree: MA, International Studies - International Development Studies, 2005, Ohio University
► Independent Uzbekistan is a relatively gender-equal society where women and men of…
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▼ Independent Uzbekistan is a relatively gender-equal society where women and men of all ages have similar access to economic and social benefits and political facilities. However, there have been clear and consistent gender-based patterns in employment and traditional household responsibilities despite the social and gender equal society claimed during Soviet rule. Today women are more "restricted" to the patriarchal domain than in the past, and constitute the majority of the impoverished in the country. Based on library research and qualitative data analysis this paper examines following questions: 1) how has the status of women changed under Post Soviet Uzbekistan? 2) what are the roles of traditional culture and new "nationalization" policies on women's opportunities and choices? 3) what is the perception of women as regards to their roles and responsibilities in society? 4) what is the future impact of gender roles in Uzbekistan? The study argues that women's motivation and choices are based on their cultural milieu and traditional values rather than economic and political opportunities, and that education alone will not be effective in promoting a gender equal society. This study will contribute to women's empowerment efforts in Uzbekistan by serving as a home-grown participatory approach to counterbalance the top-down bureaucratic approach of state agencies as well as policies prescribed from abroad by foreign donors on women's issues. The findings of the research study will be accessible for public use and can be used by the government as well as international non profit organizations in the process of developing strategies to address women's issues in the Islamic society of Uzbekistan.
Advisors/Committee Members: Tickamyer, Ann R.
Keywords: Women's Status; Nationalization Policies; Gender Inequality
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15.
Mack, Laura.
Human Rights, LGBT Movements and Identity: An Analysis of International and South African LGBT Websites.
Degree: MA, International Studies - International Development Studies, 2005, Ohio University
► This thesis examines human rights, the international and South African lesbian, gay,…
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▼ This thesis examines human rights, the international and South African lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) movements, and their organizations, exploring how they articulate human rights, sexuality and identity. The literature review includes the different perspectives on human rights philosophy and the LGBT movements, their influences and philosophical underpinnings. Issues of identity, continuity in the movements, and conceptualizations of rights are also explored. Organizations' websites, from both the international and South African movements, are analyzed using a post-structural textual analysis methodology to see how these organizations represent themselves and articulate human rights and homosexuality. Through this research, it is clear that both sets of organizations view human rights as universal and homosexuality as natural, but there are variations in the types of rights emphasized and the way homosexuality is represented and articulated. Though both groups of organizations collaborate and interact, they are distinct movements with unique approaches to LGBT rights.
Advisors/Committee Members: Tickamyer, Ann.
Keywords: Human rights; International gay movement; South African gay movement; Websites; Gay identity
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16.
Mason, Mark R.
The Panarchy of Peace.
Degree: MA, International Studies - International Development Studies, 2008, Ohio University
► Panarchy theory has been utilized to first conceptualize the entrenched conflict that…
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▼ Panarchy theory has been utilized to first conceptualize the entrenched conflict that lasted for nearly 30 years between Aceh and Indonesia and second, the development of peace prior to and shortly following the tsunami of 2004. The purpose of this paper is to show how panarchy or complex adaptive systems theory can be used to explain the previous state of the Aceh-Indonesia conflict as a sustained maladaptive system and how it was eventually changed into an adaptive system harboring the potential for peaceful sustainability. There are four main questions that this thesis answers. First, how can the Aceh-Indonesia conflict be explained as a rigidity trap? Second, what were the main elements or inputs from cyclical systems below or above the Aceh-Indonesia conflict scale that led to the collapse of the rigidity trap and the generation of a healthy or complex adaptive system? Third, what role, if any, did the tsunami of December 2004 play in achieving the peace of the new complex adaptive system and fourth, what elements or inputs into the new healthy system may or may not lead to the systems peaceful sustainability? The conflict and the peace achieved between the two former antagonists appears to be an example of a maladapted cyclical socio-economic and political rigidity trap that was acted upon by new inputs from cyclical scales above the Aceh-Indonesia conflict scale. It is thought that this is the first time panarchy theory has been applied to an aspect of conflict transformation modeling. It is hoped that this initial attempt will encourage others to test panarchy theory; maladaptive and adaptive system models, in the field of conflict transformation.
Advisors/Committee Members: Collins, Elizabeth F.
Subjects: Ecology; Geography; Political science
Keywords: Aceh-Indonesia Conflict; Development of Peace; Conflict Transformation; Complex Adaptive Systems; Tsunami; GAM; SBY; Rigidity Trap; Resiliency Theory; Panarchy
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17.
Matta, Danielle.
Examining Determinants of Group Loan Repayment in the Dominican Republic.
Degree: MA, International Studies - International Development Studies, 2004, Ohio University
► This thesis proposes to determine if different components of group dynamics in…
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▼ This thesis proposes to determine if different components of group dynamics in microfinance group lending programs such as information symmetry, group size, and group member relationships affect both group loan repayment and group mechanisms such as peer pressure and group solidarity. The research presents empirical evidence from the ADOPEM group lending program in the Dominican Republic. A Tobit Model was created from the data that shows smaller group size, groups composed of family members, and group solidarity can all lead to higher loan repayment rates.
Advisors/Committee Members: Paxton, Julia.
Keywords: Microfinance; Group Lending; Peer Pressure; Group Solidarity; Information Exchange; Group Composition
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18.
Miller, Paige Lynn.
Barriers Preventing Access to Health Care Services for Women in Rural Samoa.
Degree: MA, International Studies - International Development Studies, 2005, Ohio University
► This study investigates and identifies the barriers preventing access to public health…
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▼ This study investigates and identifies the barriers preventing access to public health care services for women living in rural villages of Samoa. One hundred one women ages 20 years and older participated in personal interviews. The interviews probed the women's use of traditional medicine, their sociocultural status, their perception of the quality of services, and the affordability and availability of health care services. The results indicate that a limited knowledge of available services, the utilization of traditional medicine, the high cost of prescription drugs, and younger age are barriers to the use of public health care services. The findings also reveal that older age, a high fertility rate, and a low education level contribute to a greater number of illnesses. Implications for improving the infrastructure of the public health care system and increasing communication between traditional healers and the public health care system are discussed.
Advisors/Committee Members: Wolf, Jacqueline H.
Keywords: Samoa; Women's health; Access to health care services; Women in developing countries; Rural women; South Pacific
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19.
Perez, Francisco J.
Effects of Land Legalization in the Agrarian Dynamics of the Indigenous Communities of Alta Verapaz, Guatemala.
Degree: MA, International Studies - International Development Studies, 2005, Ohio University
► This study identifies current access to productive services for families whose land…
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▼ This study identifies current access to productive services for families whose land titles were legalized by FONTIERRAS with USAID funds between 2002 and 2003 in Alta Verapaz, Guatemala. The methodology is developed in two stages: building homogeneous socioeconomic environment and identifying the effects of the land legalization program through types of indigenous rural families. The study identifies three socioeconomic types: Subsistence Families, Poor Peasants with Land and Peasant to Farmer. In general, Subsistence Peasants and Poor Peasants with Land are labor suppliers whose net agricultural income is below the poverty line. It also found that families have been using their land as an asset to obtain external resources. In general, there has been a reduction of credit access since the regularization process due to the credit market terms. Finally, the study recommends supporting the Poor Peasants with Land and Peasant to Farmers based on Agriculture families due to their dynamic economic mobility and vulnerability.
Advisors/Committee Members: Walker, Thomas.
Keywords: Rural Development; Land Policies; Guatemala; Indigenous Communities
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20.
Rooney, Daniel Joseph.
THE EFFECTS OF CORRUPTION AND GOVERNANCE ON TELECOMMUNICATIONS DEMAND: AN ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS.
Degree: MA, International Studies - International Development Studies, 2006, Ohio University
► Because of high user demand, mobile telephony penetration has surpassed fixed line…
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▼ Because of high user demand, mobile telephony penetration has surpassed fixed line penetration in much of the developing world. While growth is phenomenal, there is reason to believe that it is nonetheless tempered by corruption and poor governance. This paper is an attempt to measure the extent of said effect. The paper forms two separate models, a 93 country worldwide model and a 50 country, Africa specific model. The paper uses OLS regression to measure GDP per capita, urban population, and monthly cost of a mobile or mainline telephone against mobile penetration in both models. As a unique addition, measures of official corruption, government accountability, government stability, and the rule of law are also included as independent variables. As expected, the paper finds a statistically significant and positive correlation between mobile penetration and corruption control in the world model. However, the same relationship is not statistically significant in the Africa model. Despite higher levels of perceived corruption, corruption is not a determinant of mobile penetration in Africa. The world model shows a positive and statistically significant relationship between other governance variables and mobile penetration. The Africa model mimics these results; an ambiguous relationship between the political stability and mobile penetration is the exception. An alternative model is also developed to further explore the impact of information technology. The dependant and independent variables are reversed to determine if increased dissemination of information technologies mitigates the deleterious effects of corruption. Concerns regarding causality are tempered by lagging mobile, mainline and internet penetration. The paper finds a robust, positive relationship between reduced corruption and internet penetration and a strong, negative relationship between reduced corruption and mobile penetration. Similar regressions were run with other measures of governance. The results were not statistically significant.
Advisors/Committee Members: Thompson, Herbert.
Subjects: Economics, General
Keywords: Telecommunications; Corruption; Africa
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21.
Salifu, Shani.
Factors Contributing to Migration from Ghana to the United States of America.
Degree: MA, International Studies - International Development Studies, 2007, Ohio University
► This study examines the causes of migration from Ghana to the United…
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▼ This study examines the causes of migration from Ghana to the United States of America (U.S). It explores the internal and external factors that motivate Ghanaians to travel to the U.S. It uses the theories of the laws of migration promulgated by Ernest George Ravenstein, the theory of intervening opportunities by Samuel Stouffer and the migration theory by Everett Lee to facilitate understanding of the causes of migration from Ghana. In addition to identifying the causes of international migration from Ghana, the study also looks at the benefits and adverse effects of international migration for Ghana. The study adopted a qualitative design using semi-structured interview schedule. The target population for the study was first generation Ghanaians based in the U.S. recruited through the snowball sampling technique and interviewed by telephone. The study concluded with a confirmation that even though economic reasons motivated the decisions of those who were interviewed to travel to the United States other factors like the world systems, globalization of media and educational opportunities played various roles in informing the decisions of Ghanaians to migrate.
Advisors/Committee Members: Godwyll, Francis E.
Keywords: Migration; International migration; Immigration; Emmigration; Push factors; Pull factors
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22.
Singh, Neelam.
A Study of Human Impact on Sacred Groves in India.
Degree: MA, International Studies - International Development Studies, 2006, Ohio University
► The research study describes the influence of human activities on four sacred…
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▼ The research study describes the influence of human activities on four sacred groves in Pune district, Maharashtra, which is situated at the northern end of the Western Ghats region of India. Sacred groves are forest patches set aside for a local deity, and their use is regulated by various rules governing resource extraction. Pune has one of the highest numbers of sacred groves in Maharashtra. Qualitative interviews conducted in the four villages associated with the groves and quantitative data describing forest characteristics in the sacred and non-sacred stands served as the basis for this analysis. A host of socio-religious and economic activities are carried out in the sacred groves, but restrained use helps in minimizing human impact on the groves as compared to the non-sacred forest. The groves are isolated fragments of forest, however, and often small in extent, which limits their conservation potential.
Advisors/Committee Members: Matlack, Glenn R.
Keywords: sacred groves; human impact; forests; resource extraction; conservation; Maharashtra; Western Ghats
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23.
Solakhyan, Marina.
Trafficking of Women. Promoting International Human Rights Norms Through Prevention, Protection, and Prosecution (Three “P’s”) in Armenia .
Degree: MA, International Studies - International Development Studies, 2007, Ohio University
► This thesis analyses the incidence and nature of the trafficking in people…
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▼ This thesis analyses the incidence and nature of the trafficking in people in Armenia. The phenomenon of trafficking is considered to be one of the most pressing and complex issues in the contemporary world. The thesis adopts a human rights approach, contending the promotion of international human rights norms through a Three “P’s” policy that highlights the three most important aspects of any anti-trafficking program: Preventing exploitation from occurring in the first place; Protecting those identified as victims; and Prosecuting those who trafficked and exploited them. Alongside the analysis of the universal and regional instruments and mechanisms available to address the problem of trafficking in the human rights context, this thesis provides an overview of the emergence of Armenia’s NGO sector and its development and describes the NGO sector role and activity against trafficking in women for sexual exploitation. The thesis concludes with recommendations for strengthening the anti-trafficking efforts in Armenia.
Advisors/Committee Members: Collins, Elizabeth F.
Keywords: Trafficking of women; international human rights norms; prevention; protection; prosecution; Armenia
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24.
Terry, Winnie Edward.
The Impact of Micro-Finance on Women Micro-Entrepreneurs in Temeke District, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania.
Degree: MA, International Studies - International Development Studies, 2006, Ohio University
► This research analyzes the impact of micro-finance on the lives of women…
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▼ This research analyzes the impact of micro-finance on the lives of women in Temeke District, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania. Despite the growing number of micro-finance programs in Tanzania, limited analysis of the impact of micro-finance on women has been conducted. Women in Tanzania lack economic opportunities such as credit due to deep rooted traditional cultural barriers and existing social norms among others. A sample size of 71 respondents made up of 61 women borrowers from FINCA Tanzania and 10 staff members from FINCA Temeke branch office were used in the study. The results revealed that the majority of the women have experienced positive changes on their lives through micro-financial opportunities offered by FINCA Tanzania. Some women respondents encountered a wide ranging risks associated with taking a loan, including business, institution lending methodology and family constraints.
Advisors/Committee Members: Godwyll, Francis E.
Keywords: Women; Women micro-entrepreneurs; Micro-finance
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25.
Trejo, José Edwardo.
Valuing Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) in Belize: A Case Study Using Contigent Valuation Methodology (CVM) to determine tourists' willingness to pay (WTP).
Degree: MA, International Studies - International Development Studies, 2005, Ohio University
► Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) number more than 1,300 world wide (Hall et.al.,…
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▼ Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) number more than 1,300 world wide (Hall et.al., 2002). They serve as an important tool in helping to protect delicate marine ecosystems from environmental degradation. This study uses Contingent Valuation Methodology (CVM) to determine the willingness to pay (WTP) for MPAs in Belize. In keeping with this methodology a total of 331 tourists were interviewed at two key locations, the Hol Chan Marine Reserve (HCMR) and the Phillip Goldson International Airport (PGIA). Using an ordered probit approach the findings revealed that Europeans had a higher WTP than North Americans, males had a lower WTP while other inland activities surprisingly led all independent variables in terms of levels of significance. Most importantly the estimates revealed that higher income was positively correlated with WTP.
Advisors/Committee Members: Chimeli, Ariaster.
Keywords: Contigent Valuation Methodology (CVM); Marine protected areas (MPAs); Ordered Probit; Belize
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26.
Widianti, Ezki Tri Rezeki.
The Ulama in Aceh in Time of Conflict, Tsunami and Peace Process: An Ethnographic Approach.
Degree: MA, International Studies - International Development Studies, 2006, Ohio University
► Aceh, the "Veranda of Mecca," has the reputation of being the most…
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▼ Aceh, the "Veranda of Mecca," has the reputation of being the most deeply Muslim region in Indonesia. Because of its traditional value system, ulama have had broad influence in Acehnese society. I describe the role of the ulama in Aceh as leaders of resistance to Dutch colonialism and show how their influence declined over the last thirty years. Since 1976 when the Free Aceh Movement (GAM) demanded independence from the Indonesian government, Aceh has been the site of a militarized conflict. During this time the role of the ulama declined as the authoritarian government of former president, Suharto (1967-1998) tried to co-opt their support and GAM demanded their allegiance. After a tsunami hit Aceh in December 2004, the government and GAM negotiated a peace accord. I describe the reemergence of ulama in post-tsunami Aceh and argue that they should be given a more significant role in reconstruction. If this happens, modern ulama could make reconstruction projects more effective and moderate how syariah is implemented in Aceh.
Advisors/Committee Members: Collins, Elizabeth Fuller.
Keywords: ulama aceh; syariah
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27.
Zayachuk, Iryna.
Influence of Depositary Receipts on Companies’ Performance: Evidence from Eastern Europe.
Degree: MA, International Studies - International Development Studies, 2003, Ohio University
► Depositary Receipts (DR) are negotiable certificates that represent a foreign company’s publicly…
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▼ Depositary Receipts (DR) are negotiable certificates that represent a foreign company’s publicly traded equity. There is a growing development of DR programs in Eastern Europe in the last decade. The major research question addresses the issue of how capital injection as a result of DRs influences the performance of firms in Eastern Europe. We compare financial performance measures of asset management efficiency, profitability and market value of companies before and after DR program affiliation. Further, the Chow test for equality between sets of coefficients in two linear regressions is applied. There has been a slight influence on the companies’ assets and profitability in the short-run and there has been no influence on companies’ asset performance and sales in the long-run after the DR program announcement. DR program announcement makes a positive effect on the CEE companies’ market value and stock performance the short-run and the negative effect in the long-run.
Advisors/Committee Members: Shelor, Roger.
Subjects: Economics, Finance
Keywords: American Depositary Receipts; Global Depositary Receipts; International Equity; Eastern Europe; Capital Markets; Cross-Listing
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