Department: Athletic Training Education (Health and Human Services) ![[clear]](close-x.png "Remove this limiter")
14 matches in the database.
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1.
Cameron, Shawn P.
Focal Wrist Cooling Does Not Alter Indices of Spinal Excitability in the Flexor Carpi Radialis Muscle.
Degree: MS, Athletic Training Education (Health and Human Services), 2011, Ohio University
► Focal joint cooling has been shown to increase the Hoffmann reflex (H-reflex),…
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▼ Focal joint cooling has been shown to increase the Hoffmann reflex (H-reflex), an index of spinal excitability, in the lower extremity. Unfortunately, the H-reflex is influenced by many segmental physiological factors making it difficult to delineate the mechanistic underpinnings of this previously observed phenomenon. Accordingly, this thesis sought to determine if cryotherapy alters motoneuron excitability by using an innovative technique that permits a more direct assessment of A-motoneuron excitability. To approach this aim, we investigated the effects of focal wrist joint cooling on the flexor carpi radialis muscle’s H-reflex response as well as cervicomedullary evoked potentials (CMEPs) in 10 healthy male participants. A 2 x 2 repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare the H-reflex and CMEP measurements following a cryotherapy or sham intervention. No time by treatment interactions were observed for any outcome variables. In summary, focal joint cooling does not alter H-reflex or CMEP amplitude measurements immediately posttreatment.
Advisors/Committee Members: Krause, Andrew.
Subjects: Sports Medicine
Keywords: Cryotherapy; H-reflex; CMEP
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2.
Church, Christina L.
A Study of Wellness in Athletic Trainers.
Degree: MS, Athletic Training Education (Health and Human Services), 2010, Ohio University
► Wellness is a multidimensional state of being describing the existence of positive…
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▼ Wellness is a multidimensional state of being describing the existence of positive individual health as exemplified by quality of life and state of wellbeing. Wellness is an underdeveloped area of research in athletic training. A cross-sectional random sample survey was emailed to 1000 members of the NATA. The independent variables in this study are sex, age, relationship status, years of athletic training experience, and hours worked by the athletic trainer. The Perceived Wellness Survey as developed and validated by Adams, Beznar and Steinhardt was adapted to measure athletic trainer perceived wellness. Results indicated significant mean differences in perceived wellness composite scores across the number of hours worked by athletic trainers in season (p< .05). This suggests that athletic trainers working more hours per week demonstrated a decreased capacity to maintain wellness. Future research should explore and focus on validating a wellness instrument in order to investigate areas impeding and promoting athletic trainer wellness.
Advisors/Committee Members: Krause, Andrew.
Subjects: Public health
Keywords: Wellness; Athletic Trainer; Perceived Wellness
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3.
Clark, Johanna M.
Empowerment of the Clinical Education Coordinator in the CAATE-Accredited Entry-Level Athletic Training Education Programs.
Degree: MS, Athletic Training Education (Health and Human Services), 2008, Ohio University
► Program Director (PDs) and Clinical Education Coordinators (CECs) of the Commission on…
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▼ Program Director (PDs) and Clinical Education Coordinators (CECs) of the Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education (CAATE) accredited entry-level Athletic Training Education Programs (ATEPs) were surveyed to examine the amount of administrative tasks delegated and to determine whether the CEC felt empowered to complete these tasks. The study also ranked five reasons PDs choose whether or not to delegate tasks to others.An electronic survey instrument was developed using SurveyMonkey and sent to all CAATE-accredited ATEPs with a CEC position. Statistical analysis revealed that PDs and CECs agree on tasks that are delegated. However, when matching the responses from the PDs and CECs of ten institutions, significant differences existed with particular tasks. Only 58.73% of the CECs felt empowered to complete their assigned tasks.
Advisors/Committee Members: White, Kristi M.
Subjects: Education; Health education; Sports medicine
Keywords: Clinical Education; Program Directors; Delegation; Leadership
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4.
Doeringer, Jeffrey R.
Ice Application Facilitates Soleus Motoneuron Pool Excitability in Subjects with Functional Ankle Instability.
Degree: MS, Athletic Training Education (Health and Human Services), 2008, Ohio University
► Evidence suggest cooling the ankle joint facilitates soleus involuntary peak motoneuron excitability…
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▼ Evidence suggest cooling the ankle joint facilitates soleus involuntary peak motoneuron excitability in healthy subjects has been reported. Our objective is to identify the effects of ankle joint cooling on the soleus, peroneus longus, and tibialis anterior Hoffmann reflex and isokinetic eversion and inversion torque. A repeated measures design was used to analyze Hoffmann reflex in subjects with functional ankle instability (FAI) compared to healthy, stable subjects. Baseline Hoffmann reflexes, eversion and inversion torques were collected. Following these pretest measurements a 1.5L cubed ice bag was applied to the dorsum of the foot and ankle. Hoffmann reflexes, eversion and inversion torque were collected following the ice bag application. Pre- and post-cooling data were repeated during a rest session on a subsequent day. The soleus and peroneus longus H:Mmax were facilitated following ice application in FAI subjects and healthy subjects. No statistically significant differences were observed for the tibialis anterior H:Mmax and eversion or inversion torque between the FAI group and healthy subjects.
Advisors/Committee Members: Krause, Andrew.
Subjects: Rehabilitation
Keywords: Hoffmann reflex; Isokinetic torque; arthrogenic muscle response
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5.
Eckburg, Meredith L.
Sex and Foot Posture Affects Ground Reaction Forces during a Single-leg Drop Landing.
Degree: MS, Athletic Training Education (Health and Human Services), 2008, Ohio University
► This investigation sought to determine if both sex and foot posture affect…
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▼ This investigation sought to determine if both sex and foot posture affect vertical ground reaction forces (VGRF) and ankle kinematics during a 30 and 45 cm single leg drop landing. Sex differences have been reported in drop landing research, but the role of foot posture remains unclear. Thirty subjects performed five acceptable trials from each height. Kinetics and kinematics were examined by collecting VGRF data and 2D motion analysis. Data were collected for maximum VGRF, toe contact (F1), and heel contact (F2); and maximum ankle dorsiflexion, and ankle dorsiflexion at F1 and F2. A two-way MANOVA showed no interaction between sex and foot posture. However, a main effect was observed for sex. Females demonstrated greater F1 VGRF at 30 cm and maximum VGRF, F1, and F2 at 45 cm than did males. A main effect was also observed for foot posture. Supinators demonstrated greater F1 VGRF at 45 cm than did pronators.
Advisors/Committee Members: Krause, Andrew.
Subjects: Health care; Rehabilitation; Sports medicine
Keywords: vertical ground reaction forces; sex; foot posture; single-leg drop landing; pronation; supination; lower extremity kinetic chain; navicular drop; kinetics; ankle kinematics
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6.
Ensign, Kristine A.
Heterosexual Athletic Trainers' Attitudes Toward Lesbian, Gay Men, and Bisexual Athletes in the National Collegiate Athletic Association.
Degree: MS, Athletic Training Education (Health and Human Services), 2009, Ohio University
► The profession of athletic training has set the foundation for equal treatment…
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▼ The profession of athletic training has set the foundation for equal treatment of athletes through the National Athletic Trainers' Association's Code of Ethics; however,additional research and policies are needed to provide support services and education to current and future athletic trainers (Maurer-Starks, 2008). The purpose of this study was to report heterosexual athletic trainers' attitudes toward lesbian, gay, and bisexual student-athletes in the National Collegiate Athletic Association. The Attitudes Toward Gays and Lesbians Scale (Herek, 1988) was relied upon to develop scales to assess attitudes toward lesbian, gay men, and bisexual athletes.Statistical analyses revealed significance when relating attitude scores to gender, religion, and contact with lesbian, gay men, or bisexual (LGB) family members. Statistical significance was also found when comparing attitude scores between certified athletic trainers who are in contact with LGB student athletes and those who are not.
Advisors/Committee Members: White, Kristi M.
Subjects: Gender; Health care
Keywords: Attitudes; Gay men; Lesbians; Bisexuals; Student Athletes
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7.
Farnsworth, James L. II.
Developing and Validation of Movement and Activity in Physical Space (MAPS) Scores in Concussion Recovery.
Degree: MS, Athletic Training Education (Health and Human Services), 2012, Ohio University
► Current concussion assessment tools measure impairments and do not evaluate total functional…
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▼ Current concussion assessment tools measure impairments and do not evaluate total functional level. The Movement and Activity in Physical Space (MAPS) system provides a way to measure the different components of function, as described by the World Health Organization. Purpose: To develop and validate MAPS scores as a measure of function following a concussion. Design: Repeated measures matched-pair. Methods: 31 participants (n = 19 concussion, n = 12 matched pair) were monitored using accelerometers and GPS. Participants filled out travel diaries, and symptom questionnaires. Results: The ANOVA results for MAPS scores indicated there was no difference between groups. There existed a small inverse relationship between concussion symptoms and MAPS scores (p < .05). Conclusion: MAPS scores are an objective way to measure function in a patient following injury. The results of this study indicated that symptom duration may be a key factor in determining the effects of concussion on patient function.
Advisors/Committee Members: Ragan, Brian.
Subjects: Sports Medicine
Keywords: MAPS; Movement and Activity in Physical Space; GPS; accelerometer; function; concussion
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8.
Gabler, Conrad M.
The Effectiveness of Neuromuscular Training on a Modifiable Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Risk Factor.
Degree: MS, Athletic Training Education (Health and Human Services), 2012, Ohio University
► Problem: Females sustain 4-6 times more anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries than…
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▼ Problem: Females sustain 4-6 times more anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries than males due to their greater number of risk factors. Neuromuscular training (NMT) programs have shown to reduce the rate of ACL injuries among females by modifying risk factors. However, a major problem with this research is it lacks adequate control groups, making it difficult to determine whether these positive outcomes are due to specific NMT programs or an increase in exercise workload. Methods: Female college underclassmen (N = 35; age = 18-20 years) were recruited and assigned to either an NMT group or resistance training (RT) group by covariate adaptive randomization. Baseline and posttraining testing was done to assess for risk factor modification. Conclusions: There were no significant differences between the NMT group and RT group in the modification of the ACL risk factor. This suggests that RT has the same effectiveness as NMT on reducing ACL injuries.
Advisors/Committee Members: Ragan, Brian.
Subjects: Anatomy and Physiology; Biomechanics; Health Sciences; Kinesiology; Rehabilitation; Sports Medicine
Keywords: Noncontact ACL injuries; Risk factor; Landing kinematics; Females; ACL prevention; Neuromuscular training
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9.
Hardbarger, Ashley N.
Viability of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus on Artificial Turf Under Outdoor and Laboratory Environmental Conditions.
Degree: MS, Athletic Training Education (Health and Human Services), 2012, Ohio University
► Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus has survived on artificial turf in a laboratory setting…
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▼ Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus has survived on artificial turf in a laboratory setting when provided a nutrient source. There is limited evidence on the viability of MRSA in outdoor environmental conditions. This study compared the survival of MRSA in a laboratory environment to an outdoor environment over seven days. Artificial turf was inoculated with MRSA strain USA300 and exposed to laboratory and outdoor environmental settings. Samples were collected daily. MRSA survival was determined by growth on CHROMagar plates. Results indicated a difference in the mean survival time of MRSA between a laboratory environment (7.00 ± 0.00 days) and an outdoor environment (4.67 ± 2.52). Conditions including surface temperature, ambient temperature, relative humidity, precipitation and solar radiation may have affected MRSA survival. Future research should explore the effect of specific environmental conditions on MRSA survival and the effect of nutrients on outdoor survival.
Advisors/Committee Members: Krause, Andrew.
Subjects: Health Care; Health Sciences
Keywords: MRSA; survival; outdoor environment; laboratory environment; environmental conditions
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10.
Hoch, Matthew C.
Effect of Functional Fatigue on the Soleus Hoffmann Reflex in Subjects with Functional Ankle Instability.
Degree: MS, Athletic Training Education (Health and Human Services), 2008, Ohio University
► Arthrogenic muscle inhibition of the soleus has been identified in subjects reporting…
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▼ Arthrogenic muscle inhibition of the soleus has been identified in subjects reporting functional ankle instability (FAI). This investigation sought to determine if functional muscular fatigue creates acute changes in soleus motoneuron activation that may account for alterations in dynamic ankle stabilization. All subjects completed a functional fatigue protocol and a 10-minute rest session. H-reflex recruitment curves were used to identify a stimulus that elicited submaximal H-reflexes (H20%Mmax) at 20% of the maximum muscle response. H20%Mmax was recorded prior to and every 5min following the fatigue protocol. A 2 x 2 x 6 repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare peak-to-peak H20%Mmax across time, intervention, and condition. A main effect was observed for time by intervention. The fatigue protocol caused a decrease in peak-to-peak H20%Mmax compared to the resting session. This indicates that fatigue could create a disruption in dynamic ankle stabilization; however, it does not explain sensations of instability exhibited by patients with FAI.
Advisors/Committee Members: Krause, Andrew.
Subjects: Health care; Rehabilitation; Sports medicine
Keywords: functional ankle instability; fatigue; soleus; sprain; hoffmann reflex
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11.
Lopez, Kathleen Y.
Determining the Effectiveness of Athletic Injury Rehabilitation: Pilot Study.
Degree: MS, Athletic Training Education (Health and Human Services), 2010, Ohio University
► Objective: To determine the effectiveness of care rendered by Athletic Trainers (ATs)…
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▼ Objective: To determine the effectiveness of care rendered by Athletic Trainers (ATs) on patient outcomes in relation to pain and function of high school athletes after sustaining an athletic injury. Participants: High school student athletes aged 14-19 years old recruited from 14 southeastern Ohio schools and 1 West Virginia school. Methods: A rehabilitation plan was designed and administered by the AT. After each week of rehabilitation, a specific functional outcome scale and Clinical Pain Assessment Tool were readministered to collect functional outcome progressions until discharged. Main Outcome Measures: Patient percieved functional and pain outcomes. Results: Twenty-one of the 23 athletic injuries reported an increase in function and reduction in pain. Lateral ankle sprains (26.1%) were the most common rehabilitated athletic injury. Conclusion: Athletic training services are effective in rehabilitating athletic related injuries and decreasing pain at the high school level. There was a noticeable difference in functional outcomes and decrease in pain from rehabilitation services provided by ATs at the high school setting.
Advisors/Committee Members: Starkey, Chad.
Subjects: Health care
Keywords: functional outcomes; rehabilitation; athletic training; high school
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12.
Nickels, Shannon J.
Validation of Physical Activity as a Functional Outcome Measure Following a Concussion.
Degree: MS, Athletic Training Education (Health and Human Services), 2012, Ohio University
► Diagnosis and management of concussions rely heavily on impairment and the presence…
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▼ Diagnosis and management of concussions rely heavily on impairment and the presence of symptoms, with little emphasis placed on function. The World Health Organization defines function as a person's movement within their environment. A person's movement is also considered physical activity which can be measured using an accelerometer. Purpose: To validate physical activity counts/day (AC)and steps/day (SC)as measures for assessing function following a concussion. Interventions: 25 participants(14 concussed; 11 control)wore an ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer on right hip either after sustaining a concussion or being identified as a healthy control for over a week. Results: A statistically significant difference in AC (t23 = -2.252; p < 0.05) was found between symptomatic days of the concussed in comparison to healthy controls. Conclusions: Physical activity, more specifically activity counts/day, in conjunction with current concussion assessment tools and symptom questionnaires, can provide an objective method of measuring function following a concussion.
Advisors/Committee Members: Ragan, Brian.
Subjects: Health Sciences; Sports Medicine
Keywords: concussion; function; physical activity; accelerometer
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13.
Philley, Lindsey M.
The Effects of Cold, Electrical Stimulation, and Combination Cold and Electrical Stimulation on Sensory Perception.
Degree: MS, Athletic Training Education (Health and Human Services), 2011, Ohio University
► Cryotherapy and sensory level interferential electrical stimulation (IFC) have been shown to…
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▼ Cryotherapy and sensory level interferential electrical stimulation (IFC) have been shown to be effective at producing analgesia. There is limited research on the anesthetic effectiveness of cryotherapy, IFC, and the combination of the two. This study compared the rates of onset of anesthesia and the duration of sensory effects between the three treatments. Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments were used to determine sensation every 2 min throughout a 20 min session for each treatment to determine the rate of onset of anesthesia. Sensation testing was conducted every 2 min following termination of the treatment to determine the duration of sensory effects. Results indicate a statistically significant difference in time to onset of anesthesia, as well as the time to return to baseline sensation level between the three treatment groups (p<.05). The combination treatment produced a more rapid onset of anesthesia and a longer duration of effects. Future research should explore onset and duration of analgesia.
Advisors/Committee Members: Starkey, Chad.
Subjects: Health Care; Health Sciences; Sports Medicine
Keywords: Cryotherapy; interferential current electrical stimulation; combination treatment; sensation; anesthesia
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14.
Simon, Janet E.
Mechanomyographical and Electromyographical Responses to Single Leg Hopping in Individuals with Functional Ankle Instability.
Degree: MS, Athletic Training Education (Health and Human Services), 2010, Ohio University
► Changes in mechanomyography (MMG) and electromyography (EMG) of the peroneus longus have…
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▼ Changes in mechanomyography (MMG) and electromyography (EMG) of the peroneus longus have been identified in participants reporting functional ankle instability(FAI). This thesis sought to determine the magnitude of functional muscle fatigue induced acute changes in MMG and EMG median frequency. These changes may account for alterations in dynamic ankle stabilization of the ankle joint. All participants completed a functional fatigue protocol that consisted of five trials of side-to-side single leg hopping. MMG and EMG signals were recorded throughout the functional fatigue protocol. A 2 x 5 repeated measures ANCOVA was used to compare the EMG and MMG median frequency across time and group. A main effect was observed for time by group. The functional fatigue protocol caused a decrease in EMG median frequency and an increase in MMG median frequency across time by group. This indicates that fatigue could create a disturbance in dynamic ankle stabilization in individuals with FAI.
Advisors/Committee Members: Krause, Andrew.
Subjects: Sports medicine
Keywords: Electromyography; Mechanomyography; Functional Ankle Instability; Muscular Fatigue
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